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作者：Jain, Tarun; Kapoor, Mudit
作者单位：Indian School of Business (ISB)
摘要：This paper uses random assignment of students to investigate the impact of study groups and roommates on academic achievement. We find that informal social interaction with roommates has a significant positive impact on academic achievement, while study group peers have no discernible impact, a result driven by group heterogeneity in ability. We also find that lower-ability students benefit from high-ability students but not vice versa.
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作者：Kreisman, Daniel; Rangel, Marcos A.
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia State University; Duke University
摘要：We evaluate the role skin color plays in earnings and employment for black males in the NLSY97. By applying a novel, scaled measure of skin tone to a nationally representative sample and by estimating the evolution of labor market differentials over time, we bridge a burgeoning literature on skin color with more established literatures on wage differentials and labor market discrimination. We find that while intraracial wage gaps widen with experience, gaps between the lightest-skinned black w...
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作者：Aichele, Rahel; Felbermayr, Gabriel
作者单位：Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of Munich; University of Nottingham
摘要：Has the Kyoto Protocol induced carbon leakage? We conduct the first empirical ex post evaluation of the protocol. We derive a theoretical gravity equation for the carbon dioxide content of trade, which accounts for intermediate inputs, both domestic and imported. The structure of our new panel database of the carbon content of sectoral bilateral trade flows allows controlling for the endogenous selection of countries into the Kyoto Protocol. Binding commitments under Kyoto have increased commi...
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作者：Richards, Timothy J.; Hamilton, Stephen F.
作者单位：Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; California State University System; California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo
摘要：We examine variety pass-through effects that occur when multiproduct retailers adjust the length of their product lines in response to changes in wholesale prices. Studying variety pass-through is essential to understanding how wholesale price changes transmit into retail prices when variety is endogenous. Using data from the ready-to-eat breakfast cereal category, we find that retailers jointly adjust retail prices and the length of their product lines in response to changes in wholesale pric...
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作者：Atalay, Kadir; Barrett, Garry F.
作者单位：University of Sydney
摘要：Governments around the world are reforming their social security systems in light of the challenges posed by population aging. We study the 1993 Australian Age Pension reform, which progressively increased the eligibility age for women from 60 to 65 years. We find economically significant responses to the reform. An increase in the eligibility age of one year induced a decline in the probability of retirement by 12 to 19 percentage points. In addition, the reform induced significant program su...
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作者：Chang, Yongsung; Hwang, Sunoong
作者单位：University of Rochester; Yonsei University; Korea Institute for Industrial Economics & Trade (KIET)
摘要：We identify cyclical turning points for 74 U.S. manufacturing industries and uncover new empirical regularities: (a) industries tend to comove between expansion and contraction phases over the business cycle; (b) clusters of industry turning points are highly asymmetric between peaks and troughs: troughs are much more concentrated and sharper than peaks; (c) the temporal pattern of phase shifts across industries supports the spillovers through input-output linkages; and (d) macroeconomic shock...
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作者：Yakusheva, Olga; Fletcher, Jason
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：We examine peer effects in teen childbearing among close friends, using miscarriages as a natural experiment. We use 775 women from the core sample of Add Health who had a friend with a teen pregnancy. We find a sizable negative treatment effect: a close friend's teen birth is associated with a 6 percentage point reduction in the likelihood of own teen pregnancy and childbearing. There is evidence that this effect operates through a learning mechanism by changing beliefs regarding early childb...
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作者：Bremzen, Andrei; Khokhlova, Elena; Suvorov, Anton; van de Ven, Jeroen
作者单位：McKinsey & Company; HSE University (National Research University Higher School of Economics); University of Amsterdam; Tinbergen Institute
摘要：Psychologists and economists have argued that rewards often have hidden costs. One possible reason is that the principal may have incentives to offer higher rewards when she knows the task is difficult. Our experiment tests if high rewards embody such bad news and if this is correctly perceived by their recipients. Our design allows us to decompose the overall effect of rewards on effort into a direct incentive and an informational effect. The results show that participants correctly interpret...
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作者：Angelucci, Manuela
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：This paper shows that poor households' entitlement to an exogenous, temporary, but guaranteed income stream increases Mexican migration to the United States, although this income is mainly consumed. Some households use the entitlement to this income stream as collateral to finance the migration. The new migrations come from previously constrained individuals and households and worsen migrant skills. In sum, financial constraints to international migration are binding for poor Mexicans, some of...
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作者：Schaumans, Catherine; Verboven, Frank
作者单位：Tilburg University; Tilburg University; KU Leuven; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：We propose a methodology for estimating the competition effects from entry when firms sell differentiated products. We first derive precise conditions under which Bresnahan and Reiss's entry threshold ratios (ETRs) can be used to measure competition effects. We then augment the traditional entry model with a revenue equation. This serves to adjust the ETRs by the extent of market expansion from entry, giving unbiased estimates of the competition effects. We apply our approach to seven local se...
