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作者：Rosokha, Yaroslav; Younge, Kenneth
作者单位：Purdue University System; Purdue University; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne
摘要：We investigate the willingness of individuals to persist at exploration when confronted by prolonged periods of negative feedback. We design a two-dimensional maze game and run a series of randomized experiments with human subjects in the game. Our results suggest individuals explore more when they are reminded of the incremental cost of their actions, a result that extends prior research on loss aversion and prospect theory to environments characterized by model uncertainty. In addition, we r...
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作者：Bibler, Andrew; Billings, Stephen B.
作者单位：Nevada System of Higher Education (NSHE); University of Nevada Las Vegas; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
摘要：We examine residential relocation and opting out of the public school system in response to school choice lottery outcomes. We show that rising kindergartners and sixth graders who lose a school choice lottery are 6 percentage points more likely to exit the district or change neighborhood schools (20% to 30% increase) and make up 0.14 to 0.35 standard deviations in average school test scores between lottery assignment and attendance the following year. Using hedonic-based estimates of land pri...
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作者：Kuka, Elira
作者单位：George Washington University; IZA Institute Labor Economics; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：While the unemployment insurance (UI) program is one of the largest safety net programs in the United States, research on its benefits is limited. This paper exploits plausibly exogenous changes in state UI laws to empirically estimate whether UI generosity mitigates any of the previously documented negative health effects of job loss. The results show that higher UI generosity increases health insurance coverage and utilization, with stronger effects during periods of high unemployment rates....
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作者：Fulford, Scott L.; Schwartzman, Felipe
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Richmond
摘要：We develop a method to use the one-time cross-sectional impact of a cleanly identified shock to identify its aggregate impact through the use of a factor model. We apply this methodology to evaluate the importance of fluctuations to the commitment to a currency peg for macroeconomic outcomes during the gold standard period in the United States. The presidential election in 1896 provides a cleanly identified positive shock to commitment to the gold standard. After the election, bank leverage in...
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作者：Harrison, Glenn W.; Lau, Morten I.; Yoo, Hong Il
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia State University; Copenhagen Business School; Durham University
摘要：We evaluate the temporal stability of risk preferences using a remarkable data set that combines sociodemographic information from the Danish Civil Registry with information on risk attitudes from a longitudinal field experiment. Our econometric model accounts for endogenous sample selection and attrition processes that may confound inferences about temporal stability. Our experimental design builds in randomization on the incentives for participation that facilitates empirical identification ...
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作者：Waseem, Mazhar
作者单位：University of Manchester
摘要：Using a series of Pakistani tax reforms and administrative records, I document that taxable income responses induced by to-zero tax cuts are orders of magnitude larger than ones induced by similar-sized other cuts. This finding is remarkably robust to alternative specifications and holds for both the self-employed and wage earners. I explore salience, selective enforcement, and discontinuous evasion costs as explanations of the observed behavior. I find that the data favor the last explanation...
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作者：Oliva, Paulina; Jack, B. Kelsey; Bell, Samuel; Mettetal, Elizabeth; Severen, Christopher
作者单位：University of Southern California; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; National Bureau of Economic Research; Oregon State University; ABT Associates; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Philadelphia
摘要：Technology adoption often requires multiple stages of investment. As new information emerges, agents may abandon a technology that was profitable in expectation. We use a field experiment to vary the payoffs at two stages of investment in a new technology: a tree species that provides on-farm fertilizer benefits. Farmer decisions identify the information about profitability that arrives between the take-up and follow-through stages. Results show that this form of uncertainty increases take-up ...
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作者：Brunner, Eric; Hyman, Joshua; Ju, Andrew
作者单位：University of Connecticut; Amherst College; Jacksonville University
摘要：School finance reforms caused some of the most dramatic increases in intergovernmental aid from states to local governments in U.S. history. We examine whether teachers' unions affected the fraction of reform-induced state aid that passed through to local spending and the allocation of these funds. Districts with strong teachers' unions increased spending nearly dollar-for-dollar with state aid and spent the funds primarily on teacher compensation. Districts with weak unions used aid primarily...
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作者：Bloom, Nicholas; Lemos, Renata; Sadun, Raffaella; Van Reenen, John
作者单位：Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; The World Bank; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：We investigate the link between hospital performance and managerial education by collecting a large database of management practices and skills in hospitals across nine countries. We find that hospitals closer to universities offering both medical education and business education have lower mortality rates from acute myocardial infarction (heart attacks), better management practices, and more MBA-trained managers. This is true compared to the distance to universities that offer only business o...
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作者：Tanaka, Mari
作者单位：Hitotsubashi University
摘要：This study investigates the impacts of exporting on working conditions in Myanmar by drawing on a new firm survey. For the identification, I use the rapid opening of Myanmar to trade alongside the firm's proximity to airports and products that have generated variations in access to foreign markets. The results show that exporting has significant positive impacts on working conditions regarding fire safety, health management, and freedom of negotiation; positive insignificant effects on wages; ...
