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作者：Erten, Bilge; Leight, Jessica
作者单位：Northeastern University; CGIAR; International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)
摘要：This paper analyzes the effect of China's accession to the World Trade Organization in 2001 on structural transformation at the local level, exploiting cross-sectional variation in tariff uncertainty faced by county economies pre-2001. Using a new panel of 1,800 Chinese counties from 1996 to 2013, we find that counties more exposed to the reduction in tariff uncertainty postaccession are characterized by increased exports and foreign direct investment, shrinking agricultural sectors, expanding...
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作者：Kurmann, Andre; Sims, Eric
作者单位：Drexel University; University of Notre Dame; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper documents large revisions in a widely used series of utilization-adjusted total factor productivity (TFP) by Fernald (2014) and shows that these revisions can materially affect empirical results about the effects of news shocks. We trace these revisions to changes in estimated factor utilization that are evocative of cyclical measurement issues with productivity. We propose an alternative identification that is robust to these measurement issues. Applied to U.S. data, the shock pred...
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作者：Artiles, Miriam; Kleine-Rueschkamp, Lukas; Leon-Ciliotta, Gianmarco
作者单位：Pompeu Fabra University; Barcelona School of Economics; Organisation for Economic Co-operation & Development (OECD); Barcelona School of Economics; Pompeu Fabra University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：We estimate the effects of political accountability on the selection of politicians when accountability mechanisms are prone to political capture. We compare the characteristics of candidates running in municipalities where the previous incumbent was ousted from office through a recall referendum with those who run where the recall referendum failed by a small margin. Having a recalled incumbent in the previous term causes a negative selection of candidates in terms of their education and prev...
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作者：Kovak, Brian K.; Oldenski, Lindsay; Sly, Nicholas
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; Carnegie Mellon University; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Georgetown University; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Kansas City; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：We use firm-level data on U.S. multinationals to show how off-shoring affects domestic employment within and across firms. We introduce a new instrument for offshoring, bilateral tax treaties, which reduce the cost of offshore activities. We find substantial heterogeneity in effects. A 10% increase in affiliate employment drives a 1.3% increase in employment at the U.S. parent firm, with smaller effects at the industry and regional levels. In contrast, offshoring by vertical multinationals dri...
