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作者：Steinmayr, Andreas
作者单位：University of Innsbruck
摘要：This paper investigates how different forms of exposure to refugees affect voting for Far Right parties. I study the state of Upper Austria where many municipalities hosted asylum seekers and also experienced a massive flow of refugees crossing into Germany in 2015. Exposure to refugees passing through border municipalities increased Far Right votes by about 1.5 percentage points, which suggests that mere exposure can increase Far Right support. Conversely, contact and sustained interactions b...
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作者：Canay, Ivan A.; Santos, Andres; Shaikh, Azeem M.
作者单位：Northwestern University; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of Chicago
摘要：This paper studies the wild bootstrap-based test proposed in Cameron, Gelbach, and Miller (2008). Existing analyses of its properties require that number of clusters is large. In an asymptotic framework in which the number of clusters is small, we provide conditions under which an unstudentized version of the test is valid. These conditions include homogeneity-like restrictions on the distribution of covariates. We further establish that a studentized version of the test may only overreject th...
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作者：Michaillat, Pascal; Saez, Emmanuel
作者单位：Brown University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：At the zero lower bound, the New Keynesian model predicts that output and inflation collapse to implausibly low levels and that government spending and forward guidance have implausibly large effects. To resolve these anomalies, we introduce wealth into the utility function; the justification is that wealth is amarker of social status, and people value status. Since people partly save to accrue social status, the Euler equation is modified. As a result, when the marginal utility of wealth is s...
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作者：Homonoff, Tatiana; O'Brien, Rourke; Sussman, Abigail B.
作者单位：New York University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Yale University; University of Chicago
摘要：One in five consumer credit accounts incurs late fees each quarter. Evidence on the efficacy of regulations to improve behavior through enhanced disclosure of financial product attributes is mixed. We test a novel form of disclosure that provides borrowers with a personalized measure of their creditworthiness. In a field experiment with over 400,000 student loan borrowers, treatment group members received communications about the availability of their FICO Score. The intervention significantly...
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作者：Shenhav, Na'ama
作者单位：Dartmouth College
摘要：This paper examines the effect of the female-to-male wage ratio, relativewage, onwomen's spouse quality, marriage, and labor supply over three decades. Exploiting task-based demand shifts as a shock to relative pay, I find that a higher relative wage (a) increases the quality of women's mates, as measured by higher spousal education; (b) reduces marriagewithout substitution to cohabitation; and (c) raises women's hours of work. These effects are consistent with a model in which a higher relati...
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作者：Kerwin, Jason T.; Thornton, Rebecca L.
作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital
摘要：This paper demonstrates the acute sensitivity of education program effectiveness to the choices of inputs and outcome measures, using a randomized evaluation of a mother-tongue literacy program. The program raises reading scores by 0.64 SD and writing scores by 0.45 SD. A reduced-cost version instead yields statistically insignificant reading gains and some large negative effects (-0.33 SDs) on advanced writing. We combine a conceptual model of education production with detailed classroom obse...
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作者：Johnsson, Ida; Moon, Hyungsik Roger
作者单位：University of Southern California; Yonsei University
摘要：We propose methods of estimating the linear-in-means model of peer effects in which the peer group, defined by a social network, is endogenous in the outcome equation for peer effects. Endogeneity is due to unobservable individual characteristics that influence both link formation in the network and the outcome of interest. We propose two estimators of the peer effect equation that control for the endogeneity of the social connections using a control function approach. We leave the functional ...
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作者：[Anonymous]
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作者：Agan, Amanda; Freedman, Matthew; Owens, Emily
作者单位：Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; University of California System; University of California Irvine
摘要：Governments in the United States must offer free legal services to low-income people accused of crimes. To provide these services, many jurisdictions rely on assigned counsel systems, where private attorneys represent indigent defendants on a contract basis. These defendants are more likely to be convicted and incarcerated than defendants with privately retained attorneys. Using detailed court records, we investigate the mechanisms behind this disparity and consider their policy implications. ...
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作者：Weisburd, Sarit
作者单位：Tel Aviv University
摘要：This paper estimates the impact of police presence on crime using a unique database that tracks the exact location of Dallas Police Department patrol cars throughout 2009. To address the concern that officer location is often driven by crime, my instrument exploits police responses to calls outside their allocated coverage beat. This variable provides a plausible shift in police presencewithin the abandoned beat that is driven by the police goal of minimizing response times. I find that a 10% ...
