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作者：Currie, Janet; Mueller-Smith, Michael; Rossin-Slater, Maya
作者单位：Princeton University; National Bureau of Economic Research; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Stanford University
摘要：We study the effects of prenatal exposure to violent crime on infant health, using New York City crime records linked to mothers' addresses in birth records data. We address endogeneity of assault exposure with three strategies and find that in utero assault exposure significantly increases the incidence of adverse birth outcomes. We calculate that the annual social cost of assault during pregnancy in the United States is more than $3.8 billion. Since infant health predicts long-term wellbeing...
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作者：Barnichon, Regis; Matthes, Christian; Ziegenbein, Alexander
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - San Francisco; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; University of Vienna
摘要：While episodes of financial distress are followed by large and persistent drops in economic activity, structural time series analyses point to relatively mild and transitory effects of financial market disruptions. We argue that these seemingly contradictory findings are due to the asymmetric effects of financial shocks, which have been predicted theoretically but not taken into account empirically. We estimate a model designed to identify the (possibly asymmetric) effects of financial market ...
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作者：Aucejo, Esteban; Romano, Teresa; Taylor, Eric S.
作者单位：Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; Emory University; Harvard University
摘要：We document measurable, lasting gains in student achievement caused by a change in teachers' evaluation incentives. A short-lived rule created a discontinuity in teachers' incentives when allocating effort across their assigned students: students who failed an initial end-of-year test were retested a few weeks later, and then only the higher of the two scores was used when calculating the teacher's evaluation score. One year later, long after the discontinuity in incentives had ended, retested...
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作者：Novan, Kevin; Smith, Aaron; Zhou, Tianxia
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis
摘要：In 1978, California adopted building codes designed to reduce the energy used for temperature control. Using a rich data set of hourly electricity consumption for 158,112 houses in Sacramento, we estimate that the average house built just after 1978 uses 8% to 13% less electricity for cooling than a similar house built just before 1978. Comparing the estimated savings to the policy's projected cost, our results suggest the policy passes a cost-benefit test. In settings where market failures pr...
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作者：Carriero, Andrea; Clark, Todd E.; Marcellino, Massimiliano
作者单位：University of London; Queen Mary University London; University of Bologna; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Cleveland; Bocconi University
摘要：Carriero, Clark, and Marcellino (2018, CCM2018) used a large BVAR model with a factor structure to stochastic volatility to produce an estimate of time-varying macroeconomic and financial uncertainty and assess the effects of uncertainty on the economy. The results in CCM2018 were based on an estimation algorithm that has recently been shown to be incorrect by Bognanni (2022) and fixed by Carriero et al. (2022). In this corrigendum we use the algorithm correction of Carriero et al. (2022) to c...
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作者：Ghosal, Sayantan; Jana, Smarajit; Mani, Anandi; Mitra, Sandip; Roy, Sanchari
作者单位：University of Glasgow; University of Oxford; Indian Statistical Institute; Indian Statistical Institute Kolkata; University of London; King's College London
摘要：This paper studies the link between self-image and behavior among those who face stigma due to poverty and social exclusion. Using a randomized field experiment with sex workers in Kolkata (India), we examine whether a psychological intervention to mitigate adverse effects of internalized stigma can induce behavior change. We find significant improvements in participants' self-image, their savings choices, and health clinic visits. Administrative data confirm that these changes in savings and ...
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作者：Balestra, Simone; Eugster, Beatrix; Liebert, Helge
作者单位：University of St Gallen; University of Zurich
摘要：In light of the debate over inclusive education, this paper evaluates the impact of exposure to special needs (SN) peers. More classroom peers with SN lower performance, the probability of entering postcompulsory education, and income at ages 17 to 25. SN students and students at the lower end of the achievement distribution suffer most from higher inclusion. We analyze the effects of reallocation policies to alleviate negative externalities, and demonstrate that inclusion is preferable to seg...
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作者：Boyer, M. Martin; D'Astous, Philippe; Michaud, Pierre-Carl
作者单位：Universite de Montreal; HEC Montreal; Universite de Montreal; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：In this study, we conduct a stated-choice experiment to analyze the decision to contribute to either a front- or back-loaded tax-preferred retirement savings account. Our experimental design includes a randomized financial education intervention that provides information on the tax implications of both types of account. Respondents who were exposed to the intervention have greater knowledge of these accounts and make contribution choices that increase their after-tax income. Using a well-defin...
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作者：Sloczynski, Tymon
作者单位：Brandeis University
摘要：Applied work often studies the effect of a binary variable (treatment) using linear models with additive effects. I study the interpretation of the OLS estimands in such models when treatment effects are heterogeneous. I show that the treatment coefficient is a convex combination of two parameters, which under certain conditions can be interpreted as the average treatment effects on the treated and untreated. The weights on these parameters are inversely related to the proportion of observatio...
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作者：Dasgupta, Utteeyo; Mani, Subha; Sharma, Smriti; Singhal, Saurabh
作者单位：Fordham University; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Pennsylvania; Newcastle University - UK; Lancaster University
摘要：We exploit the variation in admission cutoffs across colleges at a leading Indian university to estimate the causal effects of enrolling in a selective college on cognitive attainment, economic preferences, and Big Five personality traits. Using a regression discontinuity design, we find that enrolling in a selective college improves university exam scores of the marginally admitted women and makes them less overconfident and less risk averse, while men in selective colleges experience a decli...
