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作者：Li, Jiahan; Wang, Zhong; Li, Runze; Wu, Rongling
作者单位：University of Notre Dame; Beijing Forestry University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Penn State Health
摘要：Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have proven powerful for comprehending the genetic architecture of complex traits, they are challenged by a high dimension of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as predictors, the presence of complex environmental factors, and longitudinal or functional natures of many complex traits or diseases. To address these challenges, we propose a high-dimensional varying-coefficient model for incorporating functional aspects of phenotypic traits into ...
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作者：Gramacy, Robert B.; Bingham, Derek; Holloway, James Paul; Grosskopf, Michael J.; Kuranz, Carolyn C.; Rutter, Erica; Trantham, Matt; Drake, R. Paul
作者单位：University of Chicago; Simon Fraser University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：We consider adapting a canonical computer model calibration apparatus, involving coupled Gaussian process (GP) emulators, to a computer experiment simulating radiative shock hydrodynamics that is orders of magnitude larger than what can typically be accommodated. The conventional approach calls for thousands of large matrix inverses to evaluate the likelihood in an MCMC scheme. Our approach replaces that costly ideal with a thrifty take on essential ingredients, synergizing three modern ideas ...
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作者：Fanshawe, T. R.; Chapman, C. M.; Crick, T.
作者单位：University of Oxford
摘要：Although the lymphatic system is clearly linked to the metastasis of most human carcinomas, the mechanisms by which lymphangiogenesis occurs in response to the presence of carcinoma remain unclear. Hierarchical models are presented to investigate the properties of lymphatic vessel production in 2997 fields taken from 20 individuals with invasive carcinoma, 21 individuals with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and 21 controls. Such data demonstrate a high degree of correlation within tumour sa...
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作者：Schildcrout, Jonathan S.; Rathouz, Paul J.; Zelnick, Leila R.; Garbett, Shawn P.; Heagerty, Patrick J.
作者单位：Vanderbilt University; Vanderbilt University; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; Vanderbilt University
摘要：Substudies of the Childhood Asthma Management Program [Control. Clin. Trials 20 (1999) 91-120; N. Engl. J. Med. 343 (2000) 1054-1063] seek to identify patient characteristics associated with asthma symptoms and lung function. To determine if genetic measures are associated with trajectories of lung function as measured by forced vital capacity (FVC), children in the primary cohort study retrospectively had candidate loci evaluated. Given participant burden and constraints on financial resource...
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作者：Han, Shengtong; Zhang, Hongmei; Lockett, Gabrielle A.; Mukherjee, Nandini; Holloway, John W.; Karmaus, Wilfried
作者单位：University of Memphis; University of Southampton; University of Southampton
摘要：This paper explores the transgenerational DNA methylation pattern ( DNA methylation transmitted from one generation to the next) via a clustering approach. Beta regression is employed to model the transmission pattern from parents to their offsprings at the population level. To facilitate this goal, an expectation maximization algorithm for parameter estimation along with a BIC criterion to determine the number of clusters is proposed. Applying our method to the DNA methylation data composed o...
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作者：Zanella, Giacomo
作者单位：University of Warwick
摘要：Common cluster models for multi-type point processes model the aggregation of points of the same type. In complete contrast, in the study of Anglo-Saxon settlements it is hypothesized that administrative clusters involving complementary names tend to appear. We investigate the evidence for such a hypothesis by developing a Bayesian Random Partition Model based on clusters formed by points of different types (complementary clustering). As a result, we obtain an intractable posterior distributio...
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作者：Talih, Makram
作者单位：Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA; CDC National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS)
摘要：The Renyi index (RI) is a one-parameter class of indices that summarize health disparities among population groups by measuring divergence between the distributions of disease burden and population shares of these groups. The rank-dependent RI introduced in this paper is a two-parameter class of health disparity indices that also accounts for the association between socioeconomic rank and health; it may be derived from a rank-dependent social welfare function. Two competing classes are discuss...
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作者：Tomal, Jabed H.; Welch, William J.; Zamar, Ruben H.
作者单位：University of Toronto; University Toronto Scarborough; University of British Columbia
摘要：Statistical detection of a rare class of objects in a two-class classification problem can pose several challenges. Because the class of interest is rare in the training data, there is relatively little information in the known class response labels for model building. At the same time the available explanatory variables are often moderately high dimensional. In the four assays of our drug-discovery application, compounds are active or not against a specific biological target, such as lung can...
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作者：Chekouo, Thierry; Murua, Alejandro; Raffelsberger, Wolfgang
作者单位：University of Texas System; UTMD Anderson Cancer Center; Universite de Montreal; Universites de Strasbourg Etablissements Associes; Universite de Strasbourg; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite de Lorraine; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Universites de Strasbourg Etablissements Associes; Universite de Strasbourg
摘要：We propose and develop a Bayesian plaid model for biclustering that accounts for the prior dependency between genes (and/or conditions) through a stochastic relational graph. This work is motivated by the need for improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms of human diseases for which effective drugs are lacking, and based on the extensive raw data available through gene expression profiling. We model the prior dependency information from biological knowledge gathered from gene ontologi...
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作者：Lockwood, J. R.; Savitsky, Terrance D.; McCaffrey, Daniel F.
作者单位：Educational Testing Service (ETS); United States Department of Labor
摘要：Ratings of teachers' instructional practices using standardized classroom observation instruments are increasingly being used for both research and teacher accountability. There are multiple instruments in use, each attempting to evaluate many dimensions of teaching and classroom activities, and little is known about what underlying teaching quality attributes are being measured. We use data from multiple instruments collected from 458 middle school mathematics and English language arts teache...
