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作者：Arbel, Julyan; Mengersen, Kerrie; Rousseau, Judith
作者单位：Collegio Carlo Alberto; Bocconi University; Queensland University of Technology (QUT); Universite PSL; Universite Paris-Dauphine; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; ENSAE Paris
摘要：We introduce a dependent Bayesian nonparametric model for the probabilistic modeling of membership of subgroups in a community based on partially replicated data. The focus here is on species-by-site data, that is, community data where observations at different sites are classified in distinct species. Our aim is to study the impact of additional covariates, for instance, environmental variables, on the data structure, and in particular on the community diversity. To this end, we introduce dep...
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作者：Shang, Han Lin
作者单位：Australian National University
摘要：A multilevel functional data method is adapted for forecasting age-specific mortality for two or more populations in developed countries with high-quality vital registration systems. It uses multilevel functional principal component analysis of aggregate and population-specific data to extract the common trend and population-specific residual trend among populations. If the forecasts of population-specific residual trends do not show a long-term trend, then convergence in forecasts may be achi...
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作者：Ylitalo, Anna-Kaisa; Sarkka, Aila; Guttorp, Peter
作者单位：University of Jyvaskyla; University of Jyvaskyla; Chalmers University of Technology; University of Gothenburg; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：How do people look at art? Are there any differences between how experienced and inexperienced art viewers look at a painting? We approach these questions by analyzing and modeling eye movement data from a cognitive art research experiment, where the eye movements of twenty test subjects, ten experienced and ten inexperienced art viewers, were recorded while they were looking at paintings. Eye movements consist of stops of the gaze as well as jumps between the stops. Hence, the observed gaze s...
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作者：Wang, Le; Shaw, Pamela A.; Mathelier, Hansie M.; Kimmel, Stephen E.; French, Benjamin
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：The availability of data from electronic health records facilitates the development and evaluation of risk-prediction models, but estimation of prediction accuracy could be limited by outcome misclassification, which can arise if events are not captured. We evaluate the robustness of prediction accuracy summaries, obtained from receiver operating characteristic curves and risk-reclassification methods, if events are not captured (i.e., false negatives). We derive estimators for sensitivity and...
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作者：Ahn, Kwang Woo; Logan, Brent R.
作者单位：Medical College of Wisconsin
摘要：Quantile residual lifetime analysis is conducted to compare remaining lifetimes among groups for survival data. Evaluating residual lifetimes among groups after adjustment for covariates is often of interest. The current literature is limited to comparing two groups for independent data. We propose a pseudo-value approach to compare quantile residual lifetimes given covariates between multiple groups for independent and clustered survival data. The proposed method considers clustered event tim...
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作者：Jin, Ick Hoon; Yuan, Ying; Bandyopadhyay, Dipankar
作者单位：University of Notre Dame; University of Texas System; UTMD Anderson Cancer Center; Virginia Commonwealth University
摘要：Research in dental caries generates data with two levels of hierarchy: that of a tooth overall and that of the different surfaces of the tooth. The outcomes often exhibit spatial referencing among neighboring teeth and surfaces, that is, the disease status of a tooth or surface might be influenced by the status of a set of proximal teeth/surfaces. Assessments of dental caries (tooth decay) at the tooth level yield binary outcomes indicating the presence/absence of teeth, and trinary outcomes a...
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作者：Chen, Kun; Hoffman, Eric A.; Seetharaman, Indu; Jiao, Feiran; Lin, Ching-Long; Chan, Kung-Sik
作者单位：University of Connecticut; University of Iowa; Kansas State University; University of Iowa; University of Iowa
摘要：The human lung airway is a complex inverted tree-like structure. Detailed airway measurements can be extracted from MDCT-scanned lung images, such as segmental wall thickness, airway diameter, parent-child branch angles, etc. The wealth of lung airway data provides a unique opportunity for advancing our understanding of the fundamental structure-function relationships within the lung. An important problem is to construct and identify important lung airway features in normal subjects and connec...
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作者：Tan, Linda S. L.; Chan, Aik Hui; Zheng, Tian
作者单位：Columbia University; National University of Singapore; National University of Singapore
摘要：Measuring the impact of scientific articles is important for evaluating the research output of individual scientists, academic institutions and journals. While citations are raw data for constructing impact measures, there exist biases and potential issues if factors affecting citation patterns are not properly accounted for. In this work, we address the problem of field variation and introduce an article level metric useful for evaluating individual articles' visibility. This measure derives ...
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作者：Koepke, Amanda A.; Longini, Ira M., Jr.; Halloran, M. Elizabeth; Wakefield, Jon; Minin, Vladimir N.
作者单位：Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：Despite seasonal cholera outbreaks in Bangladesh, little is known about the relationship between environmental conditions and cholera cases. We seek to develop a predictive model for cholera outbreaks in Bangladesh based on environmental predictors. To do this, we estimate the contribution of environmental variables, such as water depth and water temperature, to cholera outbreaks in the context of a disease transmission model. We implement a method which simultaneously accounts for disease dyn...
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作者：Lee, Duncan; Lawson, Andrew
作者单位：University of Glasgow; Medical University of South Carolina
摘要：Maternal smoking is well known to adversely affect birth outcomes, and there is considerable spatial variation in the rates of maternal smoking in the city of Glasgow, Scotland. This spatial variation is a partial driver of health inequalities between rich and poor communities, and it is of interest to determine the extent to which these inequalities have changed over time. Therefore in this paper we develop a Bayesian hierarchical model for estimating the spatio-temporal pattern in smoking in...
