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作者：Barron, Kai; Parry, Charles D. H.; Bradshaw, Debbie; Dorrington, Rob; Groenewald, Pam; Laubscher, Ria; Matzopoulos, Richard
作者单位：South African Medical Research Council; Stellenbosch University; University of Cape Town
摘要：This paper evaluates the impact of a sudden and unexpected nationwide alcohol sales ban in South Africa. We find that this policy causally reduced injury-induced mortality in the country by at least 14%. We argue that this estimate constitutes a lower bound on the true impact of alcohol on injury-induced mortality. We also document a sharp drop in violent crimes, indicating a tight link between alcohol and aggressive behavior in society. Our results underscore the severe harm that alcohol can ...
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作者：Tian, Yuan
作者单位：University of Nottingham
摘要：Economic institutions that impede factor mobility become more costly when an economy experiences substantial transitions such as trade liberalization. I study how trade triggers changes in labor institutions that regulate internal migration in the context of China's Hukou system. Using a newly collected dataset on prefecture-level migration policies, I document an increase in promigrant regulations following WTO entry and estimate the impact of prefecture-level tariffs on exports on migration ...
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作者：Lara, E. Bernardo; Shores, Kenneth A.
作者单位：Universidad Adolfo Ibanez; University of Delaware
摘要：This paper quantifies preferences for income equality and mobility by generating statistics that are uncorrelated with beliefs and can be interpreted as marginal rates of substitution (MRS). All things being equal, U.S. residents are willing to reduce average income by $2,744 to reduce the 90/10 income inequality ratio one unit, and $1,228 to increase income mobility from the bottom quintile one percentage point. Democrats and Independents have similar preferences for both social variables, wh...
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作者：Halevy, Yoram; Mayraz, Guy
作者单位：University of Toronto; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; University of Sydney
摘要：The revealed preference methodology allows an observer to infer preferences from choices. This paper extends this fundamental idea by experimentally identifying the preference for basing choices on simple decision rules. Subjects not only make case-by-case portfolio allocations but also design a simple investment rule for selecting portfolios. They then choose between these two decision modes for an additional set of problems. The majority opt for the rule interface and in most cases choose a ...
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作者：Aghion, Philippe; Akcigit, Ufuk; Hyytinen, Ari; Toivanen, Otto
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; INSEAD Business School; University of Chicago; Hanken School of Economics; Aalto University; KU Leuven
摘要：We look at how the arrival of an invention affects wage returns and the probability of moving out of employment for white- and blue-collar co-workers of the inventor. First results suggest that older workers are hurt by the arrival of an invention. This negative effect disappears when we control for education and, in particular, for the time since obtaining the last formal degree, that is, distance to human capital frontier. If anything, this effect is slightly higher for non-STEM than STEM-ed...
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作者：Griffith, Alan
作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：Efforts to leverage peer effects by changing assignment have often fallen short due to endogenous peer choice. To address this, I build a two-part model: agents form networks via continuous linking decisions; conditional on realized networks, outcomes are determined. I provide results on identification of both parts of the model. Using data from a randomized study in India, I estimate the model, assess its performance in out-of-sample prediction, and simulate outcomes under preferential assign...
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作者：Jin, Miao; Liu, Yu-Jane; Meng, Juanjuan; Zhang, Yu
作者单位：Renmin University of China; Peking University
摘要：We use matched employer-employee data to study the role of the firm in the transmission of income growth into consumption growth. We find that growth in income relative to the firm average (the within-firm component) translates significantly less into consumption than growth in firm average income (the between-firm component). These findings are explained by the lower persistence of the within-firm component of income, better self-insurance for workers more exposed to variations in income grow...
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作者：Ciancio, Alberto; Garcia-Jimeno, Camilo
作者单位：University of Glasgow; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Chicago
摘要：Selection forces often confound the effects of policy changes. In the immigration enforcement context, we tackle this challenge tracking arrested immigrants along the deportation pipeline, isolating local and federal efforts. 80% of counties exhibit strategic substitutabilities in responding to federal enforcement, while the federal level is very effective at directing its efforts toward cooperative counties. We estimate that changes in the profile of immigration cases, and not weakened federa...
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作者：Clay, Karen; Lewis, Joshua; Severnini, Edson
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Universite de Montreal; Carnegie Mellon University
摘要：This paper examines the health tradeoffs associated with the historical expansion in coal-fired electricity generation in the United States. We combine newly digitized data on all major coal-fired power plants for the period 1938-1962 with two complementary difference-in-differences strategies. Coal-fired plants imposed large negative health externalities that were partially offset by the benefits of local electricity generation. The health impacts varied widely according to initial electricit...
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作者：Jiang, Liang; Liu, Xiaobin; Phillips, Peter C. B.; Zhang, Yichong
作者单位：Fudan University; Sun Yat Sen University; Yale University; University of Auckland; Singapore Management University
摘要：This paper examines methods of inference concerning quantile treatment effects (QTEs) in randomized experiments with matched-pairs designs (MPDs). Standard multiplier bootstrap inference fails to capture the negative dependence of observations within each pair and is therefore conservative. Analytical inference involves estimating multiple functional quantities that require several tuning parameters. Instead, this paper proposes two bootstrap methods that can consistently approximate the limit...
