6663期

最新文章

• Neuromedin U programs eosinophils to promote mucosal immunity of the small intestine AI翻译
  作者：Li, Yu; Liu, Shaorui; Zhou, Kewen; Wang, Yinsheng; Chen, Yan; Hu, Wen; Li, Shuyan; Li, Hui; Wang, Yan; Wang, Qiuying; He, Danyang; Xu, Heping
  作者单位：Zhejiang University; Westlake University; Westlake Laboratory; Westlake University; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University
  摘要：Eosinophils are granulocytes that play an essential role in type 2 immunity and regulate multiple homeostatic processes in the small intestine (SI). However, the signals that regulate eosinophil activity in the SI at steady state remain poorly understood. Through transcriptome profiling of eosinophils from various mouse tissues, we found that a subset of SI eosinophils expressed neuromedin U (NMU) receptor 1 (NMUR1). Fate-mapping analyses showed that NMUR1 expression in SI eosinophils was prog...
• Songbird species that display more-complex vocal learning are better problem-solvers and have larger brains AI翻译
  作者：Audet, Jean-Nicolas; Couture, Melanie; Jarvis, Erich D.
  作者单位：Rockefeller University; Rockefeller University; Rockefeller University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Rockefeller University
  摘要：Complex vocal learning, a critical component of human spoken language, has been assumed to be associated with more-advanced cognitive abilities. Tests of this hypothesis between individuals within a species have been inconclusive and have not been done across species. In this work, we measured an array of cognitive skills-namely, problem-solving, associative and reversal learning, and self-control-across 214 individuals of 23 bird species, including 19 wild-caught songbird species, two domesti...
• Conserved γδ T cell selection by BTNL proteins limits progression of human inflammatory bowel disease AI翻译
  作者：Dart, Robin J.; Zlatareva, Iva; Vantourout, Pierre; Theodoridis, Efstathios; Amar, Ariella; Kannambath, Shichina; East, Philip; Recaldin, Timothy; Mansfield, John C.; Lamb, Christopher A.; Parkes, Miles; Irving, Peter M.; Prescott, Natalie J.; Hayday, Adrian C.
  作者单位：University of London; King's College London; Francis Crick Institute; Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust; University of London; King's College London; University of London; King's College London; Francis Crick Institute; Newcastle University - UK; Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Newcastle University - UK; University of Cambridge; Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Addenbrooke's Hospital
  摘要：Murine intraepithelial gamma delta T cells include distinct tissue-protective cells selected by epithelial butyrophilin-like (BTNL) heteromers. To determine whether this biology is conserved in humans, we characterized the colonic gamma delta T cell compartment, identifying a diverse repertoire that includes a phenotypically distinct subset coexpressing T cell receptor V gamma 4 and the epithelium-binding integrin CD103. This subset was disproportionately diminished and dysregulated in inflamm...
• Presynaptic Ube3a E3 ligase promotes synapse elimination through down-regulation of BMP signaling AI翻译
  作者：Furusawa, Kotaro; Ishii, Kenichi; Tsuji, Masato; Tokumitsu, Nagomi; Hasegawa, Eri; Emoto, Kazuo
  作者单位：University of Tokyo; University of Tokyo
  摘要：Inactivation of the ubiquitin ligase Ube3a causes the developmental disorder Angelman syndrome, whereas increased Ube3a dosage is associated with autism spectrumdisorders. Despite the enriched localization of Ube3a in the axon terminals including presynapses, little is known about the presynaptic function of Ube3a and mechanisms underlying its presynaptic localization. We show that developmental synapse elimination requires presynaptic Ube3a activity in Drosophila neurons. We further identifie...
• Future generations are watching AI翻译
  作者：Parikh, Sudip
• Architecture of the MKK6-p38α complex defines the basis of MAPK specificity and activation AI翻译
  作者：Juyoux, Pauline; Galdadas, Ioannis; Gobbo, Dorothea; von Velsen, Jill; Pelosse, Martin; Tully, Mark; Vadas, Oscar; Gervasio, Francesco Luigi; Pellegrini, Erika; Bowler, Matthew W.
  作者单位：European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL); University of Geneva; University of Geneva; European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF); University of Geneva; University of London; University College London; University of London; Birkbeck University London; University College London; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
  摘要：The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38 alpha is a central component of signaling in inflammation and the immune response and is, therefore, an important drug target. Little is known about the molecular mechanism of its activation by double phosphorylation from MAPK kinases (MAP2Ks), because of the challenge of trapping a transient and dynamic heterokinase complex. We applied a multidisciplinary approach to generate a structural model of p38 alpha in complex with its MAP2K, MKK6, and t...
• US funds ocean CO2 removal AI翻译
  作者：Brainard, Jeffrey
• Edge learning using a fully integrated neuro-inspired memristor chip AI翻译
  作者：Zhang, Wenbin; Yao, Peng; Gao, Bin; Liu, Qi; Wu, Dong; Zhang, Qingtian; Li, Yuankun; Qin, Qi; Li, Jiaming; Zhu, Zhenhua; Cai, Yi; Wu, Dabin; Tang, Jianshi; Qian, He; Wang, Yu; Wu, Huaqiang
  作者单位：Tsinghua University; Tsinghua University
  摘要：Learning is highly important for edge intelligence devices to adapt to different application scenes and owners. Current technologies for training neural networks require moving massive amounts of data between computing and memory units, which hinders the implementation of learning on edge devices. We developed a fully integrated memristor chip with the improvement learning ability and low energy cost. The schemes in the STELLAR architecture, including its learning algorithm, hardware realizati...
• Science needed now, for action AI翻译
  作者：Korosi, Csaba; Cullmann, Johannes
• A step back from oil exploration in Brazil AI翻译
  作者：Marques, Thiago Simon; Gutierrez, Guilherme; Pina, Barbara Protocevich
  作者单位：Universidade de Sorocaba