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作者：Jahan, Cyprien; Bonnet-Madin, Lucie; Machida, Shinichi; Sobhian, Bijan; Thenin-Houssier, Suzie; Benkirane, Monsef
作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - National Institute for Biology (INSB); Universite de Montpellier; Japan Institute for Health Security (JIHS); National Center for Global Health & Medicine - Japan
摘要：To ensure optimal replication and spread, viruses have evolved countermeasures to evade type 1 IFN-mediated antiviral activity.During the early viral replication cycle steps until uncoating, the HIV-1 core protects viral pathogen associated molecular patterns (viral RNA and reverse transcription products) from recognition by innate immune sensors, including cGAS. However, after capsid uncoating, unintegrated viral DNA (uvDNA) becomes accessible. Here, we show that HIV-1 uses chromatin-mediated...
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作者：Ortiz-Bobea, Ariel; Chambers, Robert G.; He, Yurou; Lobell, David B.
作者单位：Cornell University; Cornell University; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; Stanford University; Stanford University
摘要：Increasing agricultural productivity is a gradual process with significant time lags between research and development (R&D) investment and the resulting gains. We estimate the response of US agricultural Total Factor Productivity to both R&D investment and weather and quantify the public R&D spending required to offset the emerging impacts of climate change. We find that offsetting the climate-induced productivity slowdown by 2050 will require R&D spending over 2021 to 2050 to grow at 5.2 to 7...
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作者：Scarpetta, Simon G.; Fisher, Robert N.; Karin, Benjamin R.; Niukula, Jone B.; Corl, Ammon; Jackman, Todd R.; Mcguire, Jimmy A.
作者单位：University of San Francisco; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; United States Department of the Interior; United States Geological Survey; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Villanova University; Villanova University
摘要：Founder-event speciation can occur when one or more organisms colonize a distant, unoccupied area via long-distance dispersal, leading to the evolution of a new species lineage. Species radiations established by long-distance, and especially transoceanic, dispersal can cause substantial shifts in regional biodiversity. Here, we investigate the occurrence and timing of the greatest known long-distance oceanic dispersal event in the history of terrestrial vertebrates-the rafting of iguanas from ...
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作者：Basu, Arkaprabha; Krug, Tommy; du Pont, Benjamin; Huang, Qiaoling; Sun, Sijie; Adam, Stephen A.; Goldman, Robert D.; Weitz, David A.
作者单位：Harvard University; Xiamen University; Northwestern University; Feinberg School of Medicine; Harvard University; Harvard University
摘要：The cytoskeleton is composed of F- actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments (IFs). Vimentin is one of the most ubiquitous and well- studied IFs. It is involved in many activities including wound healing, tissue fibrosis, and cancer metastasis, all of which require rapid vimentin IF assembly. In this paper, we report that vimentin forms liquid condensates which appear to enable rapid filament growth. Given the transient nature of these droplets, we focus on properties of vimentin- Y117L,...
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作者：Li, Zhu-Qin; Lei, Qun-Li; Ma, Yu-Qiang
作者单位：Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures (CICAM); Nanjing University; Nanjing University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures (CICAM); Hefei National Laboratory
摘要：Cells not only can be motile by crawling but are also capable of nonmotility active motions like periodic contraction or pulsation. In this work, based on a Voronoi cell model, we show how this nonmotility activity affects the structure, dynamic, and density fluctuations of cellular monolayers. Our model shows that random cell pulsation fluidizes solid epithelial tissues into a hyperuniform fluid state, while pulsation synchronization inhibits the fluidity and causes a reverse solidification. ...
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作者：Gruber, Christoph Heinrich; Noor, Elad; Buffing, Marieke Francisca; Sauer, Uwe
作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Weizmann Institute of Science
摘要：Recent physical binding screens suggest that protein-metabolite interactions are more extensive than previously recognized. To elucidate the functional relevance of these interactions, we developed a mass spectrometry-based screening method for higher throughput in vitro enzyme assays. By systematically quantifying the effects of 79 metabolites on the activity of 20 central Escherichia coli enzymes, we not only assess functional relevance but also gauge the depth of the current understanding o...
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作者：Chen, Dahong; Keremane, Saumya; Wang, Silu; Lei, Elissa P.
作者单位：National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases (NIDDK); State University of New York (SUNY) System; University at Buffalo, SUNY; State University of New York (SUNY) System; University at Buffalo, SUNY
摘要：Chromatin architecture facilitates accurate transcription at a number of loci, but it remains unclear how much chromatin architecture is involved in global transcriptional regulation. Previous work has shown that rapid depletion of the architectural protein CTCF in cell culture alters global chromatin organization but results in surprisingly limited gene expression changes. This discrepancy has also been observed when other architectural proteins are depleted, and one possible explanation is t...
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作者：Gilles, Marc Aurele; Singer, Amit
作者单位：Princeton University; Princeton University
摘要：Proteins and the complexes they form are central to nearly all cellular processes. Their flexibility, expressed through a continuum of states, provides a window into their biological functions. Cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is an ideal tool to study these dynamic states as it captures specimens in noncrystalline conditions and enables high-resolution reconstructions. However, analyzing the heterogeneous distributions of conformations from cryo-EM data is challenging. We present RECOV...
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作者：Szathmary, Ears
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作者：Huseby, Douglas L.; Cao, Sha; Zamaratski, Edouard; Sooriyaarachchi, Sanjeewani; Ahmad, Shabbir; Bergfors, Terese; Krasnova, Laura; Pelss, Juris; Ikaunieks, Martins; Loza, Einars; Katkevics, Martins; Bobileva, Olga; Cirule, Helena; Gukalova, Baiba; Grinberga, Solveiga; Backlund, Maria; Simoff, Ivailo Simof; Leber, Anna T.; Berruga-Fernandez, Talia; Antonov, Dmitry; Konda, Vivekananda R.; Lindstrom, Stefan; Olanders, Gustav; Brandt, Peter; Baranczewski, Pawel; Lundberg, Carina Vingsbo; Liepinsh, Edgars; Suna, Edgars; Jones, T. Alwyn; Mowbray, Sherry L.; Hughes, Diarmaid; Karlen, Anders
