2023

最新文章

• Solvated dielectrons from optical excitation: An effective source of low-energy electrons AI翻译
  作者：Hartweg, Sebastian; Barnes, Jonathan; Yoder, Bruce L.; Garcia, Gustavo A.; Nahon, Laurent; Miliordos, Evangelos; Signorell, Ruth
  作者单位：SOLEIL Synchrotron; University of Freiburg; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Auburn University System; Auburn University
  摘要：Low-energy electrons dissolved in liquid ammonia or aqueous media are powerful reducing agents that promote challenging reduction reactions but can also cause radiation damage to biological tissue. Knowledge of the underlying mechanistic processes remains incomplete, particularly with respect to the details and energetics of the electron transfer steps. In this work, we show how ultraviolet (UV) photoexcitation of metal-ammonia clusters could be used to generate tunable low-energy electrons in...
• Widespread diversity deficits of coral reef sharks and rays AI翻译
  作者：Simpfendorfer, Colin A.; Heithaus, Michael R.; Heupel, Michelle R.; MacNeil, M. Aaron; Meekan, Mark; Harvey, Euan; Sherman, C. Samantha; Currey-Randall, Leanne M.; Goetze, Jordan S.; Kiszka, Jeremy J.; Rees, Matthew J.; Speed, Conrad W.; Udyawer, Vinay; Bond, Mark E.; Flowers, Kathryn I.; Clementi, Gina M.; Valentin-Albanese, Jasmine; Adam, M. Shiham; Ali, Khadeeja; Asher, Jacob; Aylagas, Eva; Beaufort, Oceane; Benjamin, Cecilie; Bernard, Anthony T. F.; Berumen, Michael L.; Bierwagen, Stacy; Birrell, Chico; Bonnema, Erika; Bown, Rosalind M. K.; Brooks, Edward J.; Brown, J. Jed; Buddo, Dayne; Burke, Patrick J.; Caceres, Camila; Cambra, Marta; Cardenosa, Diego; Carrier, Jeffrey C.; Casareto, Sara; Caselle, Jennifer E.; Charloo, Venkatesh; Cinner, Joshua E.; Claverie, Thomas; Clua, Eric E. G.; Cochran, Jesse E. M.; Cook, Neil; Cramp, Jessica E.; D'Alberto, Brooke M.; de Graaf, Martin; Dornhege, Mareike C.; Espinoza, Mario; Estep, Andy; Fanovich, Lanya; Farabaugh, Naomi F.; Fernando, Daniel; Ferreira, Carlos E. L.; Fields, Candace Y. A.; Flam, Anna L.; Floros, Camilla; Fourqurean, Virginia; Gajdzik, Laura; Barcia, Laura Garcia; Garla, Ricardo; Gastrich, Kirk; George, Lachlan; Giarrizzo, Tommaso; Graham, Rory; Guttridge, Tristan L.; Hagan, Valerie; Hardenstine, Royale S.; Heck, Stephen M.; Henderson, Aaron C.; Heithaus, Patricia; Hertler, Heidi; Padilla, Mauricio Hoyos; Hueter, Robert E.; Jabado, Rima W.; Joyeux, Jean-Christophe; Jaiteh, Vanessa; Johnson, Mohini; Jupiter, Stacy D.; Kaimuddin, Muslimin; Kasana, Devanshi; Kelley, Megan; Kessel, Steven T.; Kiilu, Benedict; Kirata, Taratau; Kuguru, Baraka; Kyne, Fabian; Langlois, Tim; Lara, Frida; Lawe, Jaedon; Ledee, Elodie J. I.; Lindfield, Steve; Luna-Acosta, Andrea; Maggs, Jade Q.; Manjaji-Matsumoto, B. Mabel; Marshall, Andrea; Martin, Lucy; Mateos-Molina, Daniel; Matich, Philip; McCombs, Erin; McIvor, Ashlie; McLean, Dianne; Meggs, Llewelyn; Moore, Stephen; Mukherji, Sushmita; Murray, Ryan; Newman, Stephen J.; Nogues, Josep; Obota, Clay; Ochavillo, Domingo; O'Shea, Owen; Osuka, Kennedy E.; Papastamatiou, Yannis P.; Perera, Nishan; Peterson, Bradley; Pimentel, Caio R.; Pina-Amargos, Fabian; Pinheiro, Hudson T.; Ponzo, Alessandro; Prasetyo, Andhika; Quamar, L. M. Sjamsul; Quinlan, Jessica R.; Reis-Filho, Jose Amorim; Ruiz, Hector; Ruiz-Abierno, Alexei; Sala, Enric; Salinas-de-Leon, Pelayo; Samoilys, Melita A.; Sample, William R.; Schaerer-Umpierre, Michelle; Schlaff, Audrey M.; Schmid, Kurt; Schoen, Sara N.; Simpson, Nikola; Smith, Adam N. H.; Spaet, Julia L. Y.; Sparks, Lauren; Stoffers, Twan; Tanna, Akshay; Torres, Ruben; Travers, Michael J.; Bergmann, Maurits van Zinnicq; Vigliola, Laurent; Ward, Juney; Warren, Joseph D.; Watts, Alexandra M.; Wen, Colin K.; Whitman, Elizabeth R.; Wirsing, Aaron J.; Wothke, Aljoscha; Zarza-Gonzalez, Esteban; Chapman, Demian D.
  作者单位：James Cook University; University of Tasmania; State University System of Florida; Florida International University; Australian Institute of Marine Science; Dalhousie University; Australian Institute of Marine Science; Curtin University; Simon Fraser University; Curtin University; University of Wollongong; Australian Institute of Marine Science; Mote Marine Laboratory & Aquarium; State University of New York (SUNY) System; Stony Brook University; National Research Foundation - South Africa; South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity; Rhodes University; King Abdullah University of Science & Technology; Qatar University; Macquarie University; Universidad Costa Rica; Albion College; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; James Cook University; Universite PSL; Cardiff University; James Cook University; Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO); Wageningen University & Research; Sophia University; Universidade Federal Fluminense; State University System of Florida; Florida International University; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; King Abdullah University of Science & Technology; Universidade Federal do Ceara; Mote Marine Laboratory & Aquarium; Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo; Murdoch University; University of Bern; University West Indies Mona Jamaica; University of Western Australia; University of Western Australia; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research (NIWA) - New Zealand; Universiti Malaysia Sabah; University of Western Australia; Department of Primary Industries & Regional Development NSW; Western Australian Fisheries & Marine Research Laboratories; Memorial University Newfoundland; University of York - UK; Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo; Universidad de la Habana; Universidade de Sao Paulo; Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries; Universidade Federal da Bahia; National Geographic Society; Nova Southeastern University; Nova Southeastern University; Pwani University; Massey University; University of Cambridge; Wageningen University & Research; Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Ifremer; Manchester Metropolitan University; Tunghai University; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
  摘要：A global survey of coral reefs reveals that overfishing is driving resident shark species toward extinction, causing diversity deficits in reef elasmobranch (shark and ray) assemblages. Our specieslevel analysis revealed global declines of 60 to 73% for five common resident reef shark species and that individual shark species were not detected at 34 to 47% of surveyed reefs. As reefs become more shark-depleted, rays begin to dominate assemblages. Shark-dominated assemblages persist in wealthy ...
• First aid for the psyche AI翻译
  作者：Ahmad, Azmi
  作者单位：Yale University
• AI and the transformation of social science research Careful bias management and data fidelity are key AI翻译
  作者：Grossmann, Igor; Feinberg, Matthew; Parker, Dawn C.; Christakis, Nicholas A.; Tetlock, Philip E.; Cunningham, William A.
  作者单位：University of Waterloo; University of Waterloo; University of Toronto; University of Waterloo; Yale University; University of Pennsylvania; University of Toronto; Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence; University of Toronto
• Metamaterial graphene photodetector with bandwidth exceeding 500 gigahertz AI翻译
  作者：Koepfli, Stefan M.; Baumann, Michael; Koyaz, Yesim; Gadola, Robin; Gungor, Arif; Keller, Killian; Horst, Yannik; Nashashibi, Shadi; Schwanninger, Raphael; Doderer, Michael; Passerini, Elias; Fedoryshyn, Yuriy; Leuthold, Juerg
  作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne
  摘要：Although graphene has met many of its initially predicted optoelectronic, thermal, and mechanical properties, photodetectors with large spectral bandwidths and extremely high frequency responses remain outstanding. In this work, we demonstrate a >500 gigahertz, flat-frequency response, graphene-based photodetector that operates under ambient conditions across a 200-nanometer-wide spectral band with center wavelengths adaptable from <1400 to >4200 nanometers. Our detector combines graphene with...
• The increasing effects of light pollution on professional and amateur astronomy AI翻译
  作者：Perez, Antonia M. Varela
  作者单位：Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias
  摘要：The starry sky has been a source of inspiration throughout human history. Astronomy has been a common element in all cultures and civilizations, being used to establish calendars, navigate and discover new lands, and drive numerous scientific and technical breakthroughs. This Review discusses how it is becoming increasingly difficult for professional and amateur astronomers to observe the night sky because of light pollution. Artificial light at night, radio interference, and the deployment of...
• Modification of ground-state chemical reactivity via light-matter coherence in infrared cavities AI翻译
  作者：Ahn, Wonmi; Triana, Johan F.; Recabal, Felipe; Herrera, Felipe; Simpkins, Blake S.
  作者单位：Ihsan Dogramaci Bilkent University; Universidad de Santiago de Chile; United States Department of Defense; United States Navy; United States Naval Research Laboratory
  摘要：Reaction-rate modifications for chemical processes due to strong coupling between reactant molecular vibrations and the cavity vacuum have been reported; however, no currently accepted mechanisms explain these observations. In this work, reaction-rate constants were extracted from evolving cavity transmission spectra, revealing resonant suppression of the intracavity reaction rate for alcoholysis of phenyl isocyanate with cyclohexanol. We observed up to an 80% suppression of the rate by tuning...
• DOE lab would probe climate effects on poor communities New national lab would go to a historically Black institution AI翻译
  作者：Mervis, Jeffrey
• Protect fragile mountaintop ecosystems AI翻译
  作者：Shen, Shi-Kang; Zhou, Xiong-Li; Wang, Si-Qi; Lyu, Zhenyu; Zhang, Rui; Yang, Liu; Long, Bo
  作者单位：Yunnan University
• Leaves and sporangia developed in rare non-Fibonacci spirals in early leafy plants AI翻译
  作者：Turner, Holly-Anne; Humpage, Matthew; Kerp, Hans; Hetherington, Alexander J.
  作者单位：University of Edinburgh; University of Munster; University College Cork
  摘要：Lateral plant organs, including leaves and reproductive structures, are arranged on stems in distinct patterns termed phyllotaxis. Most extant plants exhibit phyllotactic patterns that are mathematically described by the Fibonacci series. However, it remains unclear what lateral organ arrangements were present in early leafy plants. To investigate this, we quantified phyllotaxis in fossils of the Early Devonian lycopod Asteroxylon mackiei. We report diverse phyllotaxis in leaves, including who...