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作者：Ma, Shixin; Dahabieh, Michael S.; Mann, Thomas H.; Zhao, Steven; McDonald, Bryan; Song, Won-Suk; Chung, H. Kay; Farsakoglu, Yagmur; Garcia-Rivera, Lizmarie; Hoffmann, Filipe Araujo; Xu, Shihao; Du, Victor Y.; Chen, Dan; Furgiuele, Jesse; LaPorta, Michael A.; Jacobs, Emily; DeCamp, Lisa M.; Oswald, Brandon M.; Sheldon, Ryan D.; Ellis, Abigail E.; Liu, Longwei; He, Peixiang; Wang, Yingxiao; Jang, Cholsoon; Jones, Russell G.; Kaech, Susan M.
作者单位：Salk Institute; Van Andel Institute; University of California System; University of California Irvine; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina School of Medicine; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; Van Andel Institute; University of Southern California; University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：Exhausted T cells (TEX) in cancer and chronic viral infections undergo metabolic and epigenetic remodeling, impairing their protective capabilities. However, the impact of nutrient metabolism on epigenetic modifications that control TEX differentiation remains unclear. We showed that TEX cells shifted from acetate to citrate metabolism by down-regulating acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2) while maintaining ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY) activity. This metabolic switch increased citrate-dependent histon...
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作者：Bedraoui, Anas
作者单位：Mohammed VI Polytechnic University
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作者：Elsworth, Brendan; Ye, Sida; Dass, Sheena; Tennessen, Jacob A.; Sultana, Qudseen; Thommen, Basil T.; Paul, Aditya S.; Kanjee, Usheer; Gruering, Christof; Ferreira, Marcelo U.; Gubbels, Marc-Jan; Zarringhalam, Kourosh; Duraisingh, Manoj T.
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; US Food & Drug Administration (FDA); Center for Biologics Evaluation & Research (CBER); University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Boston; University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Boston; University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Boston; Universidade de Sao Paulo; Institute Biomed Science, University Sao Paulo; Universidade Nova de Lisboa; Institute of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine - UNL; Boston College
摘要：Measures to combat the parasites that cause malaria have become compromised because of reliance on a small arsenal of drugs and emerging drug resistance. We conducted a transposon mutagenesis screen in the primate malaria parasite Plasmodium knowlesi, producing the most complete classification of gene essentiality in any Plasmodium spp. to date, with the resolution to define truncatable genes. We found conservation in the druggable genome between Plasmodium spp. and divergences in mitochondria...
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作者：Stroeve, Julienne C.; Notz, Dirk; Dawson, Jackie; Schuur, Edward A. G.; Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe; Giesse, Celine
作者单位：University of Manitoba; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; University of Hamburg; University of Ottawa; Northern Arizona University; University of Copenhagen; Niels Bohr Institute
摘要：Under current nationally determined contributions (NDCs) to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, global warming is projected to reach 2.7 degrees C above preindustrial levels. In this review, we show that at such a level of warming, the Arctic would be transformed beyond contemporary recognition: Virtually every day of the year would have air temperatures higher than preindustrial extremes, the Arctic Ocean would be essentially ice free for several months in summer, the area of Greenland that re...
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作者：Herman, Daniel I.; Walsh, Mathieu; Kreider, Molly Kate; Lordi, Noah; Tsao, Eugene J.; Lind, Alexander J.; Heyrich, Matthew; Combes, Joshua; Genest, Jerome; Diddams, Scott A.
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; Laval University; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
摘要：Optical frequency combs have enabled distinct advantages in broadband, high-resolution spectroscopy and precision interferometry. However, quantum mechanics ultimately limits the metrological precision achievable with laser frequency combs. Quantum squeezing has led to substantial measurement improvements with continuous wave lasers, but experiments demonstrating metrological advantage with squeezed combs are less developed. Using the Kerr effect in nonlinear optical fiber, a 1-gigahertz frequ...
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作者：Smith, Jesse; Lopez, Bianca; Wible, Brad
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作者：Tsesses, Shai; Dreher, Pascal; Janoschka, David; Neuhaus, Alexander; Cohen, Kobi; Meiler, Tim C.; Bucher, Tomer; Sapir, Shay; Frank, Bettina; Davis, Timothy J.; Meyer zu Heringdorf, Frank; Giessen, Harald; Bartal, Guy
作者单位：Technion Israel Institute of Technology; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Duisburg Essen; University of Stuttgart; Nanyang Technological University; Nanyang Technological University; Weizmann Institute of Science; University of Melbourne
摘要：According to Noether's theorem, symmetries in a physical system are intertwined with conserved quantities. These symmetries often determine the system topology, which is made ever more complex with increased dimensionality. Quasicrystals have neither translational nor global rotational symmetry, yet they intrinsically inhabit a higher-dimensional space in which symmetry resurfaces. Here, we discovered topological charge vectors in four dimensions (4D) that govern the real-space topology of 2D ...
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作者：Berkowitz, Rachel
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作者：Cho, Haaglim; Lai, Chien-Cheng; Bonnavion, Remy; Alnouri, Mohamad Wessam; Wang, ShengPeng; Roquid, Kenneth Anthony; Kawase, Haruya; Campos, Diana; Chen, Min; Weinstein, Lee S.; Martinez, Alfredo; Looso, Mario; Sanda, Miloslav; Offermanns, Stefan
作者单位：Max Planck Society; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Max Planck Society; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases (NIDDK); Max Planck Society; Goethe University Frankfurt; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research
摘要：Insulin resistance is a hallmark of obesity-associated type 2 diabetes. Insulin's actions go beyond metabolic cells and also involve blood vessels, where insulin increases capillary blood flow and delivery of insulin and nutrients. We show that adrenomedullin, whose plasma levels are increased in obese humans and mice, inhibited insulin signaling in human endothelial cells through protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B-mediated dephosphorylation of the insulin receptor. In obese mice lacking the endo...
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作者：Davey, Madeline; Watson, James E. M.
作者单位：University of Queensland
