-
作者：Zhang, Jiahao; Fu, Xianbiao; Kwon, Soonho; Chen, Kaifeng; Liu, Xiaozhi; Yang, Jin; Sun, Haoran; Wang, Yanchang; Uchiyama, Tomoki; Uchimoto, Yoshiharu; Li, Shaofeng; Li, Yan; Fan, Xiaolong; Chen, Gong; Xia, Fanjie; Wu, Jinsong; Li, Yanbo; Yue, Qin; Qiao, Liang; Su, Dong; Zhou, Hua; Goddard, William A., III; Kang, Yijin
作者单位：Sichuan University; University of Electronic Science & Technology of China; California Institute of Technology; University of Electronic Science & Technology of China; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Physics, CAS; Kyoto University; Technical University of Denmark; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Argonne National Laboratory; Lanzhou University; Nanjing University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures (CICAM); Nanjing University; Wuhan University of Technology
摘要：The iridium oxide (IrO2) catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction used industrially (in proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers) is scarce and costly. Although ruthenium oxide (RuO2) is a promising alternative, its poor stability has hindered practical application. We used well-defined extended surface models to identify that RuO2 undergoes structure-dependent corrosion that causes Ru dissolution. Tantalum (Ta) doping effectively stabilized RuO2 against such corrosion and enhanced the i...
-
作者：Leary, Paige; Bellegarda, Celine; Quainoo, Cheryl; Goldblatt, Dena; Rosti, Basak; Schoppik, David
作者单位：New York University; New York University; New York University; New York University
摘要：Vertebrates stabilize gaze using a neural circuit that transforms sensed instability into compensatory counterrotation of the eyes. Sensory feedback tunes this vestibulo-ocular reflex throughout life. We studied the functional development of vestibulo-ocular reflex circuit components in the larval zebrafish, with and without sensation. Blind fish stabilize gaze normally, and neural responses to body tilts mature before behavior. In contrast, synapses between motor neurons and the eye muscles m...
-
作者：Brainard, Jeffrey; Servick, Kelly
-
作者：Ghosh, Bidhan; Kafle, Prakash; Mukherjee, Rishav; Welles, Randall; Herndon, Deacon; Nicholas, Kenneth M.; Shao, Yihan; Sharma, Indrajeet
作者单位：University of Oklahoma System; University of Oklahoma - Norman
摘要：Given the prevalence of nitrogen-containing heterocycles in commercial drugs, selectively incorporating a single nitrogen atom is a promising scaffold hopping approach to enhance chemical diversity in drug discovery libraries. We harness the distinct reactivity of sulfenylnitrenes, which insert a single nitrogen atom to transform readily available pyrroles, indoles, and imidazoles into synthetically challenging pyrimidines, quinazolines, and triazines, respectively. Our additive-free method fo...
-
作者：Goessling, Helge F.; Rackow, Thomas; Jung, Thomas
作者单位：Helmholtz Association; Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar & Marine Research; University of Bremen
摘要：In 2023, the global mean temperature soared to almost 1.5 kelvin above the preindustrial level, surpassing the previous record by about 0.17 kelvin. Previous best-guess estimates of known drivers, including anthropogenic warming and the El Nino onset, fall short by about 0.2 kelvin in explaining the temperature rise. Using satellite and reanalysis data, we identified a record-low planetary albedo as the primary factor bridging this gap. The decline is apparently caused largely by a reduced low...
-
作者：Charles, Dan
摘要：When farmers leave their land, what version of nature takes over?
-
作者：Yang, Xiaoyu; Rocks, Jason W.; Jiang, Kaiyi; Walters, Andrew J.; Rai, Kshitij; Liu, Jing; Nguyen, Jason; Olson, Scott D.; Mehta, Pankaj; Collins, James J.; Daringer, Nichole M.; Bashor, Caleb J.
作者单位：Rice University; Rice University; Rice University; Boston University; Rice University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Health Science Center Houston; Boston University; Boston University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute; Harvard University; Rowan University; Rice University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：Protein phosphorylation signaling networks have a central role in how cells sense and respond to their environment. We engineered artificial phosphorylation networks in which reversible enzymatic phosphorylation cycles were assembled from modular protein domain parts and wired together to create synthetic phosphorylation circuits in human cells. Our design scheme enabled model-guided tuning of circuit function and the ability to make diverse network connections; synthetic phosphorylation circu...
-
作者：Zipple, Matthew N.; Kuo, Daniel Chang; Meng, Xinmiao; Reichard, Tess M.; Guess, Kwynn; Vogt, Caleb C.; Moeller, Andrew H.; Sheehan, Michael J.
作者单位：Cornell University; Princeton University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Yale University
摘要：Contingency (or luck) in early life plays an important role in shaping individuals' development. By comparing the developmental trajectories of functionally genetically identical free-living mice who either experienced high levels of resource competition (males) or did not (females), we show that competition magnifies early contingency. Male resource competition results in a feedback loop that magnifies the importance of early contingency and pushes individuals onto divergent, self-reinforcing...
-
作者：Brainard, Jeffrey; Servick, Kelly
-
作者：Gillani, Riaz; Collins, Ryan L.; Crowdis, Jett; Garza, Amanda; Jones, Jill K.; Walker, Mark; Sanchis-Juan, Alba; Whelan, Christopher W.; Pierce-Hoffman, Emma; Talkowski, Michael E.; Brand, Harrison; Haigis, Kevin; LoPiccolo, Jaclyn; AlDubayan, Saud H.; Gusev, Alexander; Crompton, Brian D.; Janeway, Katherine A.; Van Allen, Eliezer M.
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Boston Children's Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Brigham & Women's Hospital; King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences; Harvard University; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
摘要：Pediatric solid tumors are a leading cause of childhood disease mortality. In this work, we examined germline structural variants (SVs) as risk factors for pediatric extracranial solid tumors using germline genome sequencing of 1765 affected children, their 943 unaffected parents, and 6665 adult controls. We discovered a sex-biased association between very large (>1 megabase) germline chromosomal abnormalities and increased risk of solid tumors in male children. The overall impact of germline ...
