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作者：Balch, Sebastian; Sekne, Zala; Franco-Echevarria, Elsa; Ludzia, Patryk; Kretsch, Rachael C.; Sun, Wenqing; Yu, Haopeng; Ghanim, George E.; Thorkelsson, Sigurdur; Ding, Yiliang; Das, Rhiju; Nguyen, Thi Hoang Duong
作者单位：MRC Laboratory Molecular Biology; Stanford University; Northeast Normal University - China; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); John Innes Center; Stanford University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Stanford University; University of Cambridge; Princeton University; Thermo Fisher Scientific
摘要：Telomerase ribonucleoprotein (RNP) synthesizes telomeric repeats at chromosome ends using a telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) and a telomerase RNA (hTR in humans). Previous structural work showed that human telomerase is typically monomeric, containing a single copy of TERT and hTR. Evidence for dimeric complexes exists, although the composition, high-resolution structure, and function remain elusive. Here, we report the cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of a human telomerase ...
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作者：Cho, Adrian
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作者：Shu, Tony; Levine, Daniel; Yeon, Seong Ho; Chun, Ethan; Shallal, Christopher C.; McCullough, John; Branemark, Rickard; Carty, Matthew J.; Ferrone, Marco; Boerhout, Sean; Ko, Alexander; Sullivan, Corey L.; Zhu, Gloria; Nawrot, Michael; Carney, Matthew; Wieschhoff, Ged; Friedman, Gabriel; Herr, Hugh
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Gothenburg; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital
摘要：Lower-extremity prostheses have evolved through mechanical redesigns that prioritize improved cyclic locomotion. However, this limited approach to limb restoration has precluded necessary progress toward recovering the versatile acyclic movements that constitute the remainder of human athleticism. We present an osseointegrated mechanoneural prosthesis that incorporates modified hard and soft tissues along with permanently implanted hardware in a neuroembodied design. We developed a biomimetic ...
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作者：Yee, Andrew G.; Liao, Yini; Muntean, Brian S.; Ford, Christopher P.
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; University System of Georgia; Augusta University
摘要：Dopamine (DA) transmission critically regulates diverse, basal ganglia-dependent behaviors by activating distinct subtypes of G protein-coupled receptors. Spatially broad DA release has been extensively characterized, but how DA transmission affects striatal function at a subcellular scale remains poorly understood. Using 2P imaging and whole-cell electrophysiology, we defined the spatiotemporal properties of DA transmission onto striatal indirect pathway spiny projection neurons. Sparse activ...
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作者：Bencke, Glayson A.; Madeira, Marcelo M.; Perello, Luis F.; Velez-Martin, Eduardo; Mahler Jr, Jan Karel F.; Overbeck, Gerhard E.; Alves, Raphael V. Zulianello; Medeiros, Joao de Deus; Joner, Fernando
作者单位：Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC); Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC)
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作者：Nguyen, Khue N. M.; Mo, Xueling; Demuynck, Bethany M.; Elsayed, Mohamed; Garwood, Jacob J. A.; Ngo, Duong T.; Rana, Ilias Khan; Nagib, David A.
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
摘要：Metal carbenes are highly useful intermediates in organic synthesis. However, not all classes of carbene polarity are catalytically accessible, nor are there common precursors known to synthesize all of these electronically diverse carbene types. Here, we report a unified strategy to access a full range of carbenes, including those with donor substituents (EDG: OMe, NR2, alkyl), acceptor substituents (EWG: CN, CO2R), and electronically neutral or nonpolar substituents (H, BR2, SiR3, halide, ar...
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作者：Wu, Jingying; Wang, Yafei; Li, Xiaoyu; Ouyang, Pei; Cai, Yuanyuan; He, Yang; Zhang, Mengyuan; Luan, Xinghua; Jin, Yuxiao; Wang, Jie; Xiao, Yujie; Liang, Yuqing; Xie, Fang; Shu, Yousheng; Hu, Jiong; Chang, Chunkang; Jiang, Jieling; Wu, Dong; Zhao, Youshan; Liu, Taohui; Li, Yuxin; Huang, Xiaojun; Li, Yao; Zhang, Junfang; Cao, Yuwen; Cheng, Xin; Mao, Ying; Rao, Yanxia; Cao, Li; Peng, Bo
作者单位：Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Fudan University; Fudan University; Fudan University; Fudan University; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Fudan University
摘要：Colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) is primarily expressed in microglia. Its monoallelic mutation causes CSF1R-associated microgliopathy (CAMP), a major form of adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia (ALSP) and a fatal neurological disease without clinical cure. We developed mouse models harboring human hotspot mutations of CAMP and replaced CSF1R-deficient microglia with CSF1R-normal cells through microglia replacement by bone marrow transplantation ...
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作者：Bhattacharya, Ananyo
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作者：Lenormand, Thomas; Roze, Denis
作者单位：Universite PSL; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE); Institut Agro; Montpellier SupAgro; CIRAD; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Universite Paul-Valery; Universite de Montpellier; Sorbonne Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Ecology & Environment (INEE); Sorbonne Universite
摘要：Sex chromosomes are involved in three major empirical patterns: (i) Y (or W) chromosomes are often nonrecombining and degenerate; (ii) heterogametic offspring (XY or ZW) from interspecific crosses are more often sterile or inviable compared with homogametic offspring (Haldane's rule); and (iii) the X (or Z) has a disproportionately large effect on reproductive isolation between species compared with autosomes (the large X effect). Each observation has received its own tailored explanation invo...
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作者：Woolfson, Adrian
