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作者：Kemp, R. Scott; Lyman, Edwin S.; Deinert, Mark R.; Garwin, Richard L.; von Hippel, Frank N.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Colorado School of Mines; International Business Machines (IBM); IBM USA; Princeton University
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作者：Mallory, Caitlin S.; Widloski, John; Foster, David J.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：The mechanisms by which the brain replays neural activity sequences remain unknown. Recording from large ensembles of hippocampal place cells in freely behaving rats, we observed that replay content is strictly organized over multiple timescales and governed by self-avoidance. After movement cessation, replays avoided the animal's previous path for 3 seconds. Chains of replays avoided self-repetition over a shorter timescale. We used a continuous attractor model of neural activity to demonstra...
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作者：Markert, Jonathan W.; Soffers, Jelly H.; Farnung, Lucas
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; University of Missouri System; University of Missouri Kansas City
摘要：During transcription, RNA polymerase II traverses through chromatin, and posttranslational modifications including histone methylations mark regions of active transcription. Histone protein H3 lysine 36 trimethylation (H3K36me3), which is established by the histone methyltransferase SET domain containing 2 (SETD2), suppresses cryptic transcription, regulates splicing, and serves as a binding site for transcription elongation factors. The mechanism by which the transcription machinery coordinat...
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作者：Marshall, Lisa
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作者：Pinglay, Sudarshan; Lalanne, Jean-Benoit; Daza, Riza M.; Kottapalli, Sanjay; Quaisar, Faaiz; Koeppel, Jonas; Garge, Riddhiman K.; Li, Xiaoyi; Lee, David S.; Shendure, Jay
作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; Howard Hughes Medical Institute
摘要：Studying the functional consequences of structural variants (SVs) in mammalian genomes is challenging because (i) SVs arise much less commonly than single-nucleotide variants or small indels and (ii) methods to generate, map, and characterize SVs in model systems are underdeveloped. To address these challenges, we developed Genome-Shuffle-seq, a method that enables the multiplex generation and mapping of thousands of SVs (deletions, inversions, translocations, and extrachromosomal circles) thr...
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作者：Feng, Xiang; Rees, Douglas C.
作者单位：California Institute of Technology; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; California Institute of Technology
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作者：Brainard, Jeffrey
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作者：Offord, Catherine
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作者：Mulder, Tara
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
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作者：Yan, Yong-Qiang; Cha, Wen-Hao; Liu, Sida; Ma, Yan; Luan, Jun-Hua; Rao, Ziyuan; Liu, Chang; Shan, Zhi-Wei; Lu, Jian; Wu, Ge
作者单位：Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an Jiaotong University; RWTH Aachen University; Delft University of Technology; City University of Hong Kong; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; City University of Hong Kong
摘要：Higher strength and higher ductility are desirable for structural materials. However, ultrastrong alloys inevitably show decreased strain-hardening capacity, limiting their uniform elongation. We present a supranano (<10 nanometers) and short-range ordering design for grain interiors and grain boundary regions, respectively, in fine-grained alloys based on vanadium, cobalt, and nickel, with additions of tungsten, copper, aluminum, and boron. The pronounced grain boundary-related strengthening ...
