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作者：Fady, Bruno; Dagher Kharrat, Magda Bou
作者单位：INRAE
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作者：Lavine, Kory
作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL)
摘要：After a heart attack, cardiac muscle cells at the border between injured and healthy tissue instigate an inflammatory response, which spreads to neighbouring cells and makes the heart wall vulnerable to tearing.
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作者：Streit, Julian O.; Bukvin, Ivana V.; Chan, Sammy H. S.; Bashir, Shahzad; Woodburn, Lauren F.; Wlodarski, Tomasz; Figueiredo, Angelo Miguel; Jurkeviciute, Gabija; Sidhu, Haneesh K.; Hornby, Charity R.; Waudby, Christopher A.; Cabrita, Lisa D.; Cassaignau, Anais M. E.; Christodoulou, John
作者单位：University of London; Birkbeck University London
摘要：Most proteins fold during biosynthesis on the ribosome(1), and co-translational folding energetics, pathways and outcomes of many proteins have been found to differ considerably from those in refolding studies(2-10). The origin of this folding modulation by the ribosome has remained unknown. Here we have determined atomistic structures of the unfolded state of a model protein on and off the ribosome, which reveal that the ribosome structurally expands the unfolded nascent chain and increases i...
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作者：Kochanczyk, Tomasz; Hann, Zachary S.; Lux, Michaelyn C.; Delos Reyes, Avelyn Mae V.; Ji, Cheng; Tan, Derek S.; Lima, Christopher D.
作者单位：Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Cornell University; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
摘要：Transthiolation (also known as transthioesterification) reactions are used in the biosynthesis of acetyl coenzyme A, fatty acids and polyketides, and for post-translational modification by ubiquitin (Ub) and ubiquitin-like (Ubl) proteins(1-3). For the Ub pathway, E1 enzymes catalyse transthiolation from an E1 similar to Ub thioester to an E2 similar to Ub thioester. Transthiolation is also required for transfer of Ub from an E2 similar to Ub thioester to HECT (homologous to E6AP C terminus) an...
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作者：Lakshmikanth, Tadepally; Consiglio, Camila; Sardh, Fabian; Forlin, Rikard; Wang, Jun; Tan, Ziyang; Barcenilla, Hugo; Rodriguez, Lucie; Sugrue, Jamie; Noori, Peri; Ivanchenko, Margarita; Paez, Laura Pinero; Gonzalez, Laura; Mugabo, Constantin Habimana; Johnsson, Anette; Ryberg, Henrik; Hallgren, Asa; Pou, Christian; Chen, Yang; Mikes, Jaromir; James, Anna; Dahlqvist, Per; Wahlberg, Jeanette; Hagelin, Anders; Holmberg, Mats; Degerblad, Marie; Isaksson, Magnus; Duffy, Darragh; Kampe, Olle; Landegren, Nils; Brodin, Petter
作者单位：Karolinska Institutet; Lund University; Karolinska Institutet; Uppsala University; Pasteur Network; Universite Paris Cite; Institut Pasteur Paris; Sahlgrenska University Hospital; University of Gothenburg; Umea University; Orebro University; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska University Hospital; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; Uppsala University; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska University Hospital; Imperial College London
摘要：Infectious, inflammatory and autoimmune conditions present differently in males and females. SARS-CoV-2 infection in naive males is associated with increased risk of death, whereas females are at increased risk of long COVID1, similar to observations in other infections2. Females respond more strongly to vaccines, and adverse reactions are more frequent3, like most autoimmune diseases4. Immunological sex differences stem from genetic, hormonal and behavioural factors5 but their relative import...
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作者：You, Xiaoying
摘要：Only 63 climate-change interventions led to significant reductions in carbon emissions.
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作者：Hofmann, Valentin; Kalluri, Pratyusha Ria; Jurafsky, Dan; King, Sharese
作者单位：University of Oxford; University of Munich; Stanford University; University of Chicago
摘要：Hundreds of millions of people now interact with language models, with uses ranging from help with writing(1,2) to informing hiring decisions(3). However, these language models are known to perpetuate systematic racial prejudices, making their judgements biased in problematic ways about groups such as African Americans(4-7). Although previous research has focused on overt racism in language models, social scientists have argued that racism with a more subtle character has developed over time, ...
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作者：Nunes, Luis; Li, Fuqiang; Wu, Meizhen; Luo, Tian; Hammarstrom, Klara; Torell, Emma; Ljuslinder, Ingrid; Mezheyeuski, Artur; Edqvist, Per-Henrik; Lofgren-Burstroem, Anna; Zingmark, Carl; Edin, Sofia; Larsson, Chatarina; Mathot, Lucy; Osterman, Erik; Osterlund, Emerik; Ljungstroem, Viktor; Neves, Ines; Yacoub, Nicole; Gudnadottir, Unnur; Birgisson, Helgi; Enblad, Malin; Ponten, Fredrik; Palmqvist, Richard; Xu, Xun; Uhlen, Mathias; Wu, Kui; Glimelius, Bengt; Lin, Cong; Sjoblom, Tobias
作者单位：Uppsala University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, CAS; Beijing Genomics Institute (BGI); Beijing Genomics Institute (BGI); Umea University; Umea University; Uppsala University; Uppsala University Hospital; Karolinska Institutet; Royal Institute of Technology; University of Oslo
摘要：Colorectal cancer is caused by a sequence of somatic genomic alterations affecting driver genes in core cancer pathways(1). Here, to understand the functional and prognostic impact of cancer-causing somatic mutations, we analysed the whole genomes and transcriptomes of 1,063 primary colorectal cancers in a population-based cohort with long-term follow-up. From the 96 mutated driver genes, 9 were not previously implicated in colorectal cancer and 24 had not been linked to any cancer. Two distin...
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作者：Wei, Wei; Lyu, Xuchao; Markhard, Andrew L.; Fu, Sipei; Mardjuki, Rachel E.; Cavanagh, Peter E.; Zeng, Xianfeng; Rajniak, Jakub; Lu, Nannan; Xiao, Shuke; Zhao, Meng; Moya-Garzon, Maria Dolores; Truong, Steven D.; Chou, Jonathan Chiu-Chun; Wat, Lianna W.; Chidambaranathan-Reghupaty, Saranya; Coassolo, Laetitia; Xu, Duo; Shen, Fangfang; Huang, Wentao; Ramirez, Cuauhtemoc B.; Jang, Cholsoon; Li, Lingyin; Svensson, Katrin J.; Fischbach, Michael A.; Long, Jonathan Z.
作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Stanford University; University of California System; University of California Irvine; Stanford University
摘要：Taurine is a conditionally essential micronutrient and one of the most abundant amino acids in humans(1,2,3). In endogenous taurine metabolism, dedicated enzymes are involved in the biosynthesis of taurine from cysteine and in the downstream metabolism of secondary taurine metabolites(4,5). One taurine metabolite is N-acetyltaurine(6). Levels of N-acetyltaurine are dynamically regulated by stimuli that alter taurine or acetate flux, including endurance exercise(7), dietary taurine supplementat...
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作者：Cottom, Joshua W.; Cook, Ed; Velis, Costas A.
作者单位：University of Leeds
摘要：Negotiations for a global treaty on plastic pollution(1) will shape future policies on plastics production, use and waste management. Its parties will benefit from a high-resolution baseline of waste flows and plastic emission sources to enable identification of pollution hotspots and their causes(2). Nationally aggregated waste management data can be distributed to smaller scales to identify generalized points of plastic accumulation and source phenomena(3-11). However, it is challenging to u...
