2024

最新文章

• A record-setting transplant heals a baby's broken heart AI翻译
  作者：[Anonymous]
  摘要：Partial-heart transplant from a living donor allows an infant's heart valves to grow as he does.
• Emergence of replication timing during early mammalian development AI翻译
  作者：Nakatani, Tsunetoshi; Schauer, Tamas; Altamirano-Pacheco, Luis; Klein, Kyle N.; Ettinger, Andreas; Pal, Mrinmoy; Gilbert, David M.; Torres-Padilla, Maria-Elena
  作者单位：State University System of Florida; Florida State University; University of Munich
  摘要：DNA replication enables genetic inheritance across the kingdoms of life. Replication occurs with a defined temporal order known as the replication timing (RT) programme, leading to organization of the genome into early- or late-replicating regions. RT is cell-type specific, is tightly linked to the three-dimensional nuclear organization of the genome1,2 and is considered an epigenetic fingerprint3. In spite of its importance in maintaining the epigenome4, the developmental regulation of RT in ...
• Phages overcome bacterial immunity via diverse anti-defence proteins AI翻译
  作者：Yirmiya, Erez; Leavitt, Azita; Lu, Allen; Ragucci, Adelyn E.; Avraham, Carmel; Osterman, Ilya; Garb, Jeremy; Antine, Sadie P.; Mooney, Sarah E.; Hobbs, Samuel J.; Kranzusch, Philip J.; Amitai, Gil; Sorek, Rotem
  作者单位：Weizmann Institute of Science; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
  摘要：It was recently shown that bacteria use, apart from CRISPR-Cas and restriction systems, a considerable diversity of phage resistance systems1-4, but it is largely unknown how phages cope with this multilayered bacterial immunity. Here we analysed groups of closely related Bacillus phages that showed differential sensitivity to bacterial defence systems, and discovered four distinct families of anti-defence proteins that inhibit the Gabija, Thoeris and Hachiman systems. We show that these prote...
• Saleemul Huq (1952-2023), climate visionary AI翻译
  作者：Abeysinghe, Achala C.
• Operando probing of the surface chemistry during the Haber-Bosch process AI翻译
  作者：Goodwin, Christopher M.; Lomker, Patrick; Degerman, David; Davies, Bernadette; Shipilin, Mikhail; Garcia-Martinez, Fernando; Koroidov, Sergey; Mathiesen, Jette Katja; Rameshan, Raffael; Rodrigues, Gabriel L. S.; Schlueter, Christoph; Amann, Peter; Nilsson, Anders
  作者单位：Stockholm University; Stockholm University; Helmholtz Association; Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY); University of Leoben
  摘要：The large-scale conversion of N2 and H2 into NH3 (refs. 1,2) over Fe and Ru catalysts3 for fertilizer production occurs through the Haber-Bosch process, which has been considered the most important scientific invention of the twentieth century4. The active component of the catalyst enabling the conversion was variously considered to be the oxide5, nitride2, metallic phase or surface nitride6, and the rate-limiting step has been associated with N2 dissociation7-9, reaction of the adsorbed nitro...
• Three-dimensional integration of two-dimensional field-effect transistors AI翻译
  作者：Jayachandran, Darsith; Pendurthi, Rahul; Sadaf, Muhtasim Ul Karim; Sakib, Najam U.; Pannone, Andrew; Chen, Chen; Han, Ying; Trainor, Nicholas; Kumari, Shalini; Mc Knight, Thomas V.; Redwing, Joan M.; Yang, Yang; Das, Saptarshi
  作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park
  摘要：In the field of semiconductors, three-dimensional (3D) integration not only enables packaging of more devices per unit area, referred to as 'More Moore'1 but also introduces multifunctionalities for 'More than Moore'2 technologies. Although silicon-based 3D integrated circuits are commercially available3-5, there is limited effort on 3D integration of emerging nanomaterials6,7 such as two-dimensional (2D) materials despite their unique functionalities7-10. Here we demonstrate (1) wafer-scale a...
• THE PRICE OF RICE: AS YIELDS GROW, METHANE RISES AI翻译
  作者：[Anonymous]
• CREATING NEW CROPS WITH CRISPR AI翻译
  作者：Marshall, Michael
• Mitochondrial dysfunction abrogates dietary lipid processing in enterocytes AI翻译
  作者：Moschandrea, Chrysanthi; Kondylis, Vangelis; Evangelakos, Ioannis; Herholz, Marija; Schneider, Farina; Schmidt, Christina; Yang, Ming; Ehret, Sandra; Heine, Markus; Jaeckstein, Michelle Y.; Szczepanowska, Karolina; Schwarzer, Robin; Baumann, Linda; Bock, Theresa; Nikitopoulou, Efterpi; Brodesser, Susanne; Krueger, Marcus; Frezza, Christian; Heeren, Joerg; Trifunovic, Aleksandra; Pasparakis, Manolis
  作者单位：University of Cologne; University of Cologne; University of Cologne; University of Cologne; University of Cologne; University of Hamburg; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; University of Cologne; University of Cologne; University of Cambridge
  摘要：Digested dietary fats are taken up by enterocytes where they are assembled into pre-chylomicrons in the endoplasmic reticulum followed by transport to the Golgi for maturation and subsequent secretion to the circulation1. The role of mitochondria in dietary lipid processing is unclear. Here we show that mitochondrial dysfunction in enterocytes inhibits chylomicron production and the transport of dietary lipids to peripheral organs. Mice with specific ablation of the mitochondrial aspartyl-tRNA...
• Elevated genetic risk for multiple sclerosis emerged in steppe pastoralist populations AI翻译
  作者：Barrie, William; Yang, Yaoling; Irving-Pease, Evan K.; Attfield, Kathrine E.; Scorrano, Gabriele; Jensen, Lise Torp; Armen, Angelos P.; Dimopoulos, Evangelos Antonios; Stern, Aaron; Refoyo-Martinez, Alba; Pearson, Alice; Ramsoe, Abigail; Gaunitz, Charleen; Demeter, Fabrice; Jorkov, Marie Louise S.; Moller, Stig Bermann; Springborg, Bente; Klassen, Lutz; Hyldgard, Inger Marie; Wickmann, Niels; Vinner, Lasse; Korneliussen, Thorfinn Sand; Allentoft, Morten E.; Sikora, Martin; Kristiansen, Kristian; Rodriguez, Santiago; Nielsen, Rasmus; Iversen, Astrid K. N.; Lawson, Daniel J.; Fugger, Lars; Willerslev, Eske
  作者单位：University of Cambridge; University of Bristol; University of Bristol; University of Copenhagen; University of Oxford; Aarhus University; University of Cambridge; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of Cambridge; Universite Paris Cite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN); University of Copenhagen; Curtin University; University of Gothenburg; University of Oxford; University of Oxford; University of Bremen; University of Bremen
  摘要：Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neuro-inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease that is most prevalent in Northern Europe. Although it is known that inherited risk for MS is located within or in close proximity to immune-related genes, it is unknown when, where and how this genetic risk originated1. Here, by using a large ancient genome dataset from the Mesolithic period to the Bronze Age2, along with new Medieval and post-Medieval genomes, we show that the genetic risk for MS rose among pastora...