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作者：Scott, Samantha A.; Fu, Jingjing; Chang, Pamela V.
作者单位：Cornell University; Cornell University; Cornell University; Cornell University; Cornell University
摘要：The gut microbiome has major roles in modulating host physiology. One such function is colonization resistance, or the ability of the microbial collective to protect the host against enteric pathogens1-3, including enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) serotype O157:H7, an attaching and effacing (AE) food-borne pathogen that causes severe gastroenteritis, enterocolitis, bloody diarrhea and acute renal failure4,5 (haemolytic uremic syndrome). Although gut microorganisms can provide coloniz...
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作者：Han, Guangchun; Sinjab, Ansam; Rahal, Zahraa; Lynch, Anne M.; Treekitkarnmongkol, Warapen; Liu, Yuejiang; Serrano, Alejandra G.; Feng, Jiping; Liang, Ke; Khan, Khaja; Lu, Wei; Hernandez, Sharia D.; Liu, Yunhe; Cao, Xuanye; Dai, Enyu; Pei, Guangsheng; Hu, Jian; Abaya, Camille; Gomez-Bolanos, Lorena I.; Peng, Fuduan; Chen, Minyue; Parra, Edwin R.; Cascone, Tina; Sepesi, Boris; Moghaddam, Seyed Javad; Scheet, Paul; Negrao, Marcelo V.; Heymach, John V.; Li, Mingyao; Dubinett, Steven M.; Stevenson, Christopher S.; Spira, Avrum E.; Fujimoto, Junya; Solis, Luisa M.; Wistuba, Ignacio I.; Chen, Jichao; Wang, Linghua; Kadara, Humam
作者单位：University of Texas System; UTMD Anderson Cancer Center; University of Texas System; UTMD Anderson Cancer Center; University of Texas System; UTMD Anderson Cancer Center; Baylor College of Medicine; University of Pennsylvania; University of Texas System; UTMD Anderson Cancer Center; University of Texas System; UTMD Anderson Cancer Center; University of Texas System; UTMD Anderson Cancer Center; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; Boston University
摘要：Understanding the cellular processes that underlie early lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) development is needed to devise intervention strategies1. Here we studied 246,102 single epithelial cells from 16 early-stage LUADs and 47 matched normal lung samples. Epithelial cells comprised diverse normal and cancer cell states, and diversity among cancer cells was strongly linked to LUAD-specific oncogenic drivers. KRAS mutant cancer cells showed distinct transcriptional features, reduced differentiation ...
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作者：Jovasevic, Vladimir; Wood, Elizabeth M.; Cicvaric, Ana; Zhang, Hui; Petrovic, Zorica; Carboncino, Anna; Parker, Kendra K.; Bassett, Thomas E.; Moltesen, Maria; Yamawaki, Naoki; Login, Hande; Kalucka, Joanna; Sananbenesi, Farahnaz; Zhang, Xusheng; Fischer, Andre; Radulovic, Jelena
作者单位：Northwestern University; Feinberg School of Medicine; Montefiore Medical Center; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Yeshiva University; Aarhus University; Aarhus University; Aarhus University; University of Gottingen; UNIVERSITY GOTTINGEN HOSPITAL; Helmholtz Association; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE); University of Gottingen; Montefiore Medical Center; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Yeshiva University; Yeshiva University; Montefiore Medical Center; Albert Einstein College of Medicine
摘要：As hippocampal neurons respond to diverse types of information 1 , a subset assembles into microcircuits representing a memory 2 . Those neurons typically undergo energy-intensive molecular adaptations, occasionally resulting in transient DNA damage 3-5 . Here we found discrete clusters of excitatory hippocampal CA1 neurons with persistent double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) breaks, nuclear envelope ruptures and perinuclear release of histone and dsDNA fragments hours after learning. Following these e...
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作者：Whitlock, Cathy
作者单位：Montana State University System; Montana State University Bozeman
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作者：Alam, Danyal; Zia, Fayha; Roberts, Todd F.
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
摘要：Vocal learning in songbirds is thought to have evolved through sexual selection, with female preference driving males to develop large and varied song repertoires(1-3). However, many songbird species learn only a single song in their lifetime(4). How sexual selection drives the evolution of single-song repertoires is not known. Here, by applying dimensionality-reduction techniques to the singing behaviour of zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata), we show that syllable spread in low-dimensional f...
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作者：Wang, Jason Y.; Doyle, Abigail G.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：In organic chemistry, finding conditions that enable a broad range of compounds to undergo a particular type of reaction is highly desirable. However, conventional methods for doing so consume a lot of time and reagents. A machine-learning method has been developed that overcomes these problems.
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作者：Lowenstein, Daniel H.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Francisco
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作者：Liang, Jiehui; Liu, Ziyu; Yang, Zihao; Huang, Yuelei; Wurstbauer, Ursula; Dean, Cory R.; West, Ken W.; Pfeiffer, Loren N.; Du, Lingjie; Pinczuk, Aron
作者单位：Nanjing University; Nanjing University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures (CICAM); Columbia University; University of Munster; Princeton University; Nanjing University; Columbia University
摘要：Exotic physics could emerge from interplay between geometry and correlation. In fractional quantum Hall (FQH) states(1), novel collective excitations called chiral graviton modes (CGMs) are proposed as quanta of fluctuations of an internal quantum metric under a quantum geometry description(2-5). Such modes are condensed-matter analogues of gravitons that are hypothetical spin-2 bosons. They are characterized by polarized states with chirality(6-8) of +2 or -2, and energy gaps coinciding with ...
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作者：Pedraja, Federico; Sawtell, Nathaniel B.
作者单位：Columbia University
摘要：A number of organisms, including dolphins, bats and electric fish, possess sophisticated active sensory systems that use self-generated signals (for example, acoustic or electrical emissions) to probe the environment1,2. Studies of active sensing in social groups have typically focused on strategies for minimizing interference from conspecific emissions2-4. However, it is well known from engineering that multiple spatially distributed emitters and receivers can greatly enhance environmental se...
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作者：Eckartt, Kathryn A.; Delbeau, Madeleine; Munsamy-Govender, Vanisha; DeJesus, Michael A.; Azadian, Zachary A.; Reddy, Abhijna K.; Chandanani, Joshua; Poulton, Nicholas C.; Quinones-Garcia, Stefany; Bosch, Barbara; Landick, Robert; Campbell, Elizabeth A.; Rock, Jeremy M.
作者单位：Rockefeller University; Rockefeller University; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：Drug-resistant bacteria are emerging as a global threat, despite frequently being less fit than their drug-susceptible ancestors(1-8). Here we sought to define the mechanisms that drive or buffer the fitness cost of rifampicin resistance (RifR) in the bacterial pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Rifampicin inhibits RNA polymerase (RNAP) and is a cornerstone of modern short-course tuberculosis therapy(9,10). However, RifR Mtb accounts for one-quarter of all deaths due to drug-resistant ...
