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作者：Birkholz, Nils; Kamata, Kotaro; Feussner, Maximilian; Wilkinson, Max E.; Samaniego, Christian Cuba; Migur, Angela; Kimanius, Dari; Ceelen, Marijn; Went, Sam C.; Usher, Ben; Blower, Tim R.; Brown, Chris M.; Beisel, Chase L.; Weinberg, Zasha; Fagerlund, Robert D.; Jackson, Simon A.; Fineran, Peter C.
作者单位：University of Otago; University of Otago; University of Otago; University of Otago; Leipzig University; Leipzig University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Carnegie Mellon University; Helmholtz Association; Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research; Durham University; University of Otago; University of Wurzburg; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich
摘要：In all organisms, regulation of gene expression must be adjusted to meet cellular requirements and frequently involves helix-turn-helix (HTH) domain proteins(1). For instance, in the arms race between bacteria and bacteriophages, rapid expression of phage anti-CRISPR (acr) genes upon infection enables evasion from CRISPR-Cas defence; transcription is then repressed by an HTH-domain-containing anti-CRISPR-associated (Aca) protein, probably to reduce fitness costs from excessive expression(2-5)....
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作者：Panda, Cristian D.; Tao, Matthew J.; Ceja, Miguel; Khoury, Justin; Tino, Guglielmo M.; Muller, Holger
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of Pennsylvania; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR); Istituto Nazionale di Ottica (INO-CNR); University of Florence; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)
摘要：Despite being the dominant force of nature on large scales, gravity remains relatively elusive to precision laboratory experiments. Atom interferometers are powerful tools for investigating, for example, Earth's gravity1, the gravitational constant2, deviations from Newtonian gravity3-6 and general relativity7. However, using atoms in free fall limits measurement time to a few seconds8, and much less when measuring interactions with a small source mass2,5,6,9. Recently, interferometers with at...
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作者：[Anonymous]
摘要：Technological advances can reduce the numbers of laboratory animals used in studies - but they need to be carefully validated.
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作者：[Anonymous]
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作者：[Anonymous]
摘要：The ocean-going Desertas petrel often follows storms for days over thousands of kilometres.
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作者：O'Brien, Evan S.; Rangari, Vipin Ashok; El Daibani, Amal; Eans, Shainnel O.; Hammond, Haylee R.; White, Elizabeth; Wang, Haoqing; Shiimura, Yuki; Kumar, Kaavya Krishna; Jiang, Qianru; Appourchaux, Kevin; Huang, Weijiao; Zhang, Chensong; Kennedy, Brandon J.; Mathiesen, Jesper M.; Che, Tao; McLaughlin, Jay P.; Majumdar, Susruta; Kobilka, Brian K.
作者单位：Stanford University; University of Health Sciences & Pharmacy in St. Louis; Washington University (WUSTL); State University System of Florida; University of Florida; Kurume University; Stanford University; United States Department of Energy (DOE); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; Princeton University; University of Copenhagen
摘要：The mu -opioid receptor (mu OR) is a well-established target for analgesia1, yet conventional opioid receptor agonists cause serious adverse effects, notably addiction and respiratory depression. These factors have contributed to the current opioid overdose epidemic driven by fentanyl2, a highly potent synthetic opioid. mu OR negative allosteric modulators (NAMs) may serve as useful tools in preventing opioid overdose deaths, but promising chemical scaffolds remain elusive. Here we screened a ...
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作者：Kozlov, Max
摘要：Older populations might be more protected than younger ones because of exposure to 'matched' strains during childhood, but an H5N1 pandemic is likely to take a major toll all the same.
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作者：Chen, Hengxing; Li, Yun; Li, Huafu; Chen, Xiancong; Fu, Huafeng; Mao, Deli; Chen, Wei; Lan, Linxiang; Wang, Chunming; Hu, Kaishun; Li, Jia; Zhu, Chengming; Evans, Ian; Cheung, Eddie; Lu, Daning; He, Yulong; Behrens, Axel; Yin, Dong; Zhang, Changhua
作者单位：Sun Yat Sen University; Sun Yat Sen University; University of London; Institute of Cancer Research - UK; Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust; Sun Yat Sen University; Sun Yat Sen University; State Key Lab Oncology South China
摘要：The Warburg effect is a hallmark of cancer that refers to the preference of cancer cells to metabolize glucose anaerobically rather than aerobically1,2. This results in substantial accumulation of lacate, the end product of anaerobic glycolysis, in cancer cells3. However, how cancer metabolism affects chemotherapy response and DNA repair in general remains incompletely understood. Here we report that lactate-driven lactylation of NBS1 promotes homologous recombination (HR)-mediated DNA repair....
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作者：Tanigaki, Toshiaki; Akashi, Tetsuya; Yoshida, Takaho; Harada, Ken; Ishizuka, Kazuo; Ichimura, Masahiko; Mitsuishi, Kazutaka; Tomioka, Yasuhide; Yu, Xiuzhen; Shindo, Daisuke; Tokura, Yoshinori; Murakami, Yasukazu; Shinada, Hiroyuki
作者单位：Hitachi Limited; RIKEN; National Institute for Materials Science; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST); Tohoku University; University of Tokyo; University of Tokyo; Kyushu University
摘要：Atomic-scale observations of a specific local area would be considerably beneficial when exploring new fundamental materials and devices. The development of hardware-type aberration correction1,2 in electron microscopy has enabled local structural observations with atomic resolution3-5 as well as chemical and vibration analysis6-8. In magnetic imaging, however, atomic-level spin configurations are analysed by electron energy-loss spectroscopy by placing samples in strong magnetic fields9-11, w...
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作者：Bianco, Simona; Hasan, Muhammad; Ahmad, Ashfaq; Richards, Sarah-Jane; Dietrich, Bart; Wallace, Matthew; Tang, Qiao; Smith, Andrew J.; Gibson, Matthew I.; Adams, Dave J.
作者单位：University of Glasgow; University of Warwick; University of Warwick; University of Manchester; University of East Anglia; Diamond Light Source; University of Manchester
摘要：A long-standing challenge is how to formulate proteins and vaccines to retain function during storage and transport and to remove the burdens of cold-chain management. Any solution must be practical to use, with the protein being released or applied using clinically relevant triggers. Advanced biologic therapies are distributed cold, using substantial energy, limiting equitable distribution in low-resource countries and placing responsibility on the user for correct storage and handling. Cold-...
