-
作者：Won, Tae Hyung; Arifuzzaman, Mohammad; Parkhurst, Christopher N.; Miranda, Isabella C.; Zhang, Bingsen; Hu, Elin; Kashyap, Sanchita; Letourneau, Jeffrey; Jin, Wen-Bing; Fu, Yousi; Guzior, Douglas V.; Quinn, Robert A.; Guo, Chun-Jun; David, Lawrence A.; Artis, David; Schroeder, Frank C.
作者单位：Cornell University; Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research; Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine; Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine; Duke University; Michigan State University; Michigan State University; Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine; Duke University; Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine; Pochon Cha University
摘要：Metabolites derived from the intestinal microbiota, including bile acids (BA), extensively modulate vertebrate physiology, including development(1), metabolism(2, 3-4), immune responses(5, 6-7) and cognitive function(8). However, to what extent host responses balance the physiological effects of microbiota-derived metabolites remains unclear(9,10). Here, using untargeted metabolomics of mouse tissues, we identified a family of BA-methylcysteamine (BA-MCY) conjugates that are abundant in the in...
-
作者：Jin, Kelly; Yao, Zizhen; van Velthoven, Cindy T. J.; Kaplan, Eitan S.; Glattfelder, Katie; Barlow, Samuel T.; Boyer, Gabriella; Carey, Daniel; Casper, Tamara; Chakka, Anish Bhaswanth; Chakrabarty, Rushil; Clark, Michael; Departee, Max; Desierto, Marie; Gary, Amanda; Gloe, Jessica; Goldy, Jeff; Guilford, Nathan; Guzman, Junitta; Hirschstein, Daniel; Lee, Changkyu; Liang, Elizabeth; Pham, Trangthanh; Reding, Melissa; Ronellenfitch, Kara; Ruiz, Augustin; Sevigny, Josh; Shapovalova, Nadiya; Shulga, Lyudmila; Sulc, Josef; Torkelson, Amy; Tung, Herman; Levi, Boaz; Sunkin, Susan M.; Dee, Nick; Esposito, Luke; Smith, Kimberly A.; Tasic, Bosiljka; Zeng, Hongkui
作者单位：Allen Institute for Brain Science
摘要：Biological ageing can be defined as a gradual loss of homeostasis across various aspects of molecular and cellular function(1,2). Mammalian brains consist of thousands of cell types(3), which may be differentially susceptible or resilient to ageing. Here we present a comprehensive single-cell RNA sequencing dataset containing roughly 1.2million high-quality single-cell transcriptomes of brain cells from young adult and aged mice of both sexes, from regions spanning the forebrain, midbrain and ...
-
作者：Nobori, Tatsuya; Monell, Alexander; Lee, Travis A.; Sakata, Yuka; Shirahama, Shoma; Zhou, Jingtian; Nery, Joseph R.; Mine, Akira; Ecker, Joseph R.
作者单位：Salk Institute; Salk Institute; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Salk Institute; University of California System; University of California San Diego; Kyoto University; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); John Innes Center; University of East Anglia
摘要：Plants lack specialized and mobile immune cells. Consequently, any cell type that encounters pathogens must mount immune responses and communicate with surrounding cells for successful defence. However, the diversity, spatial organization and function of cellular immune states in pathogen-infected plants are poorly understood(1). Here we infect Arabidopsis thaliana leaves with bacterial pathogens that trigger or supress immune responses and integrate time-resolved single-cell transcriptomic, e...
-
作者：[Anonymous]
摘要：A landmark study reporting the discovery of Australopithecus africanus one century ago put the African continent at the centre of the story of humanity.
-
作者：Pistofidis, Angelos; Ma, Pengchen; Li, Zihao; Munro, Kim; Houk, K. N.; Schmeing, T. Martin
作者单位：McGill University; McGill University; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Shanghai Jiao Tong University
摘要：Non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) are megaenzymes responsible for the biosynthesis of many clinically important natural products, from early modern medicines (penicillin, bacitracin) to current blockbuster drugs (cubicin, vancomycin) and newly approved therapeutics (rezafungin)(1,2). The key chemical step in these biosyntheses is amide bond formation between aminoacyl building blocks, catalysed by the condensation (C) domain(3). There has been much debate over the mechanism of this rea...
-
作者：Pistofidis, Angelos; Ma, Pengchen; Li, Zihao; Munro, Kim; Houk, K. N.; Schmeing, T. Martin
作者单位：McGill University; McGill University; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Shanghai Jiao Tong University
摘要：Non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) are megaenzymes responsible for the biosynthesis of many clinically important natural products, from early modern medicines (penicillin, bacitracin) to current blockbuster drugs (cubicin, vancomycin) and newly approved therapeutics (rezafungin)(1,2). The key chemical step in these biosyntheses is amide bond formation between aminoacyl building blocks, catalysed by the condensation (C) domain(3). There has been much debate over the mechanism of this rea...
-
作者：Lee, Taekhyeon; Park, Min Tae; Ko, Hye-Won; Oh, Jung Hyun; Ko, San; Hwang, Seongmun; Jang, Jae Gwang; Baek, Geon-Woo; Kim, Se Kwon; Lee, Hyun-Woo; Jung, Myung-Hwa; Kim, Kab-Jin; Lee, Kyung-Jin
作者单位：Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST); Sogang University; Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST); Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH); Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics
摘要：A particle current generated by pumping in the absence of gradients in potential energy, density or temperature(1) is associated with non-trivial dynamics. A representative example is charge pumping that is associated with the quantum Hall effect(2) and the quantum anomalous Hall effect(3). Spin pumping, the spin equivalent of charge pumping, refers to the emission of a spin current by magnetization dynamics(4, 5, 6-7). Previous studies have focused solely on transversal spin pumping arising f...
-
作者：Burdanov, Artem Y.; de Wit, Julien; Broz, Miroslav; Mueller, Thomas G.; Hoffmann, Tobias; Ferrais, Marin; Micheli, Marco; Jehin, Emmanuel; Parrott, Daniel; Hasler, Samantha N.; Binzel, Richard P.; Ducrot, Elsa; Kreidberg, Laura; Gillon, Michael; Greene, Thomas P.; Grundy, Will M.; Kareta, Theodore; Lagage, Pierre-Olivier; Moskovitz, Nicholas; Thirouin, Audrey; Thomas, Cristina A.; Zieba, Sebastian
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Charles University Prague; Max Planck Society; Carl von Ossietzky Universitat Oldenburg; State University System of Florida; University of Central Florida; University of Liege; Universite Paris Saclay; CEA; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Paris Cite; Max Planck Society; University of Liege; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Ames Research Center; Northern Arizona University; Leiden University; Leiden University - Excl LUMC
摘要：Asteroid discoveries are essential for planetary-defence efforts aiming to prevent impacts with Earth(1), including the more frequent(2) megaton explosions from decametre impactors(3, 4, 5-6). Although large asteroids (>= 100kilometres) have remained in the main belt since their formation(7), small asteroids are commonly transported to the near-Earth object (NEO) population(8,9). However, owing to the lack of direct observational constraints, their size-frequency distribution (SFD)-which infor...
-
作者：[Anonymous]
摘要：If the 193 remaining member nations want the WHO to succeed, they must find a way to pay for it.
-
作者：Heberlig, Graham W.; La Clair, James J.; Burkart, Michael D.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：Non-ribosomal peptide synthetases are assembly line biosynthetic pathways that are used to produce critical therapeutic drugs and are typically arranged as large multi-domain proteins called megasynthetases(1). They synthesize polypeptides using peptidyl carrier proteins that shuttle each amino acid through modular loading, modification and elongation(2) steps, and remain challenging to structurally characterize, owing in part to the inherent dynamics of their multi-domain and multi-modular ar...
