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作者：Bennington, N.; Schultz, A.; Bedrosian, P.; Bowles-Martinez, E.; Lynn, K.; Stelten, M.; Tu, X.; Thurber, C.
作者单位：United States Department of the Interior; United States Geological Survey; Oregon State University; United States Department of the Interior; United States Geological Survey; United States Department of the Interior; United States Geological Survey; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：Yellowstone Caldera is one of the largest volcanic systems on Earth, hosting three major caldera-forming eruptions in the past two million years, interspersed with periods of less explosive, smaller-volume eruptions1. Caldera-forming eruptions at Yellowstone are sourced by rhyolitic melts stored within the mid- to upper crust. Seismic tomography studies have suggested that a broad region of rhyolitic melt extends beneath Yellowstone Caldera, with an estimated melt volume that is one to four ti...
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作者：Nimmo, Kenzie; Pleunis, Ziggy; Beniamini, Paz; Kumar, Pawan; Lanman, Adam E.; Li, D. Z.; Main, Robert; Sammons, Mawson W.; Andrew, Shion; Bhardwaj, Mohit; Chatterjee, Shami; Curtin, Alice P.; Fonseca, Emmanuel; Gaensler, B. M.; Joseph, Ronniy C.; Kader, Zarif; Kaspi, Victoria M.; Lazda, Mattias; Leung, Calvin; Masui, Kiyoshi W.; Mckinven, Ryan; Michilli, Daniele; Pandhi, Ayush; Pearlman, Aaron B.; Rafiei-Ravandi, Masoud; Sand, Ketan R.; Shin, Kaitlyn; Smith, Kendrick; Stairs, Ingrid H.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Toronto; University of Amsterdam; Open University Israel; Open University Israel; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Princeton University; McGill University; McGill University; Carnegie Mellon University; Cornell University; West Virginia University; West Virginia University; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; University of Toronto; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics; University of British Columbia
摘要：Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are microsecond-to-millisecond-duration radio transients1 that originate mostly from extragalactic distances. The FRB emission mechanism remains debated, with two main competing classes of models: physical processes that occur within close proximity to a central engine2, 3-4; and relativistic shocks that propagate out to large radial distances5, 6, 7-8. The expected emission-region sizes are notably different between these two types of models9. Here we present the meas...
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作者：Riddell-Young, Ben; Lee, James Edward; Brook, Edward J.; Schmitt, Jochen; Fischer, Hubertus; Bauska, Thomas K.; Menking, James A.; Iseli, Rene; Clark, Justin Reid
作者单位：Oregon State University; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Los Alamos National Laboratory; University of Bern; University of Bern; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Natural Environment Research Council (NERC); NERC British Antarctic Survey; Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO); University of Fribourg; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
摘要：Understanding the causes of past atmospheric methane (CH4) variability is important for characterizing the relationship between CH4, global climate and terrestrial biogeochemical cycling. Ice core records of atmospheric CH4 contain rapid variations linked to abrupt climate changes of the last glacial period known as Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) events and Heinrich events (HE)1,2. The drivers of these CH4 variations remain unknown but can be constrained with ice core measurements of the stable isoto...
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作者：Wekerle, Hartmut; Kawakami, Naoto
作者单位：University of Munich
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作者：Zhang, Stephen X.; Kim, Angela; Madara, Joseph C.; Zhu, Paula K.; Christenson, Lauren F.; Lutas, Andrew; Kalugin, Peter N.; Sunkavalli, Praneel S.; Jin, Yihan; Pal, Akash; Tian, Lin; Lowell, Bradford B.; Andermann, Mark L.
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; University of California System; University of California Davis; University of California System; University of California Davis; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases (NIDDK); Max Planck Society
摘要：Neuropeptides have important roles in neural plasticity, spiking and behaviour1. Yet, many fundamental questions remain regarding their spatiotemporal transmission, integration and functions in the awake brain. Here we examined how MC4R-expressing neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVHMC4R) integrate neuropeptide signals to modulate feeding-related fast synaptic transmission and titrate the transition to satiety2-6. We show that hunger-promoting AgRP axons release the ...
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作者：Corbett, Brian
作者单位：University College Cork
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作者：Naddaf, Miryam
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作者：Price, Ilan; Sanchez-Gonzalez, Alvaro; Alet, Ferran; Andersson, Tom R.; El-Kadi, Andrew; Masters, Dominic; Ewalds, Timo; Stott, Jacklynn; Mohamed, Shakir; Battaglia, Peter; Lam, Remi; Willson, Matthew
作者单位：Alphabet Inc.; Google Incorporated; DeepMind
摘要：Weather forecasts are fundamentally uncertain, so predicting the range of probable weather scenarios is crucial for important decisions, from warning the public about hazardous weather to planning renewable energy use. Traditionally, weather forecasts have been based on numerical weather prediction (NWP)1, which relies on physics-based simulations of the atmosphere. Recent advances in machine learning (ML)-based weather prediction (MLWP) have produced ML-based models with less forecast error t...
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作者：Caneque, Tatiana; Rodriguez, Raphael
作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); UNICANCER; Universite PSL; Institut Curie
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作者：Zhuang, Xueqian; Wang, Qing; Joost, Simon; Ferrena, Alexander; Humphreys, David T.; Li, Zhuxuan; Blum, Melissa; Krause, Klavdija; Ding, Selena; Landais, Yuna; Zhan, Yingqian; Zhao, Yang; Chaligne, Ronan; Lee, Joo-Hyeon; Carrasco, Sebastian E.; Bhanot, Umeshkumar K.; Koche, Richard P.; Bott, Matthew J.; Katajisto, Pekka; Soto-Feliciano, Yadira M.; Pisanic, Thomas; Thomas, Tiffany; Zheng, Deyou; Wong, Emily S.; Tammela, Tuomas
作者单位：Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute; Yeshiva University; Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Johns Hopkins University; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; University of Cambridge; University of Cambridge; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine; Rockefeller University; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; University of Helsinki; Karolinska Institutet; University of Helsinki; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Johns Hopkins University; Columbia University; Yeshiva University; Yeshiva University; Yeshiva University; University of New South Wales Sydney
摘要：Ageing is associated with a decline in the number and fitness of adult stem cells1,2. Ageing-associated loss of stemness is posited to suppress tumorigenesis3,4, but this hypothesis has not been tested in vivo. Here we use physiologically aged autochthonous genetically engineered5,6 mouse models and primary cells5,6 to demonstrate that ageing suppresses lung cancer initiation and progression by degrading the stemness of the alveolar cell of origin. This phenotype is underpinned by the ageing-a...
