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作者：Iravani, Foad; Mamani, Hamed; Nategh, Emisa
作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：Governments across the world constantly use a variety of measures to contain drug costs in order to increase patient access to critical medications. External Reference Pricing (ERP), or international price comparison, is a commonly employed policy to control prices of pharmaceuticals. External Reference Pricing uses the price(s) of a medicinal product in one or several countries in order to derive a benchmark or reference price for the purposes of setting the price of the product in a given co...
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作者：Lee, Ho Cheung Brian; Stallaert, Jan; Fan, Ming
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; University of Connecticut; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：Innovative forecasting methods using new data sources have been developed to address various problems in operations management, such as demand, sales, and event forecasts. One of the methods for forecasting events consists of prediction markets where participants can take financial positions that may generate returns depending on whether certain events occur or not. Results in experimental psychology and behavioral economics have shown that individuals, including experts, can be subject to jud...
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作者：Westerink-Duijzer, Lotty E.; Schlicher, Loe P. J.; Musegaas, Marieke
作者单位：Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam
摘要：Vaccination is a very effective measure to fight an outbreak of an infectious disease, but it often suffers from delayed deliveries and limited stockpiles. To use these limited doses of vaccine effectively, health agencies can decide to cooperate and share their doses. In this study, we analyze this type of cooperation. Typically cooperation leads to an increased total return, but cooperation is only plausible when this total return can be distributed in a stable way. This makes cooperation a ...
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作者：Mehra, Amit; Sajeesh, Sajeesh; Voleti, Sudhir
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas; University of Nebraska System; University of Nebraska Lincoln; Indian School of Business (ISB)
摘要：The existence of reference price effects in consumer decision making is well documented in prior research, but few studies focus on its implications for firms' strategic behavior. Using a competitive model, we address this gap by examining how firms' product positioning and pricing strategies in a non-durable goods market (where consumers repeatedly purchase products from the category) are affected compared with a benchmark situation in which reference price effects are not pertinent. In a mod...
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作者：Li, Shengli; Luo, Qiuyue; Qiu, Liangfei; Bandyopadhyay, Subhajyoti
作者单位：Peking University; Xi'an Jiaotong University; State University System of Florida; University of Florida
摘要：Traditionally, consumers purchase physical music (often in the form of CDs or cassettes) from local retailers. With the development of Internet technology, the market share of digital music has grown rapidly in recent years. Unlike physical music, digital music is provided by several emerging digital music providers through the Internet to consumers. Pricing models of digital music are also drastically different from those of physical music. In this study, we identify three common schemes for ...
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作者：Chiang, I. Robert; Jhang-Li, Jhih-Hua
作者单位：Fordham University; National Central University
摘要：Following decades-long subscriber growth, cable TV is experiencing a perceptible decline in viewership as a result of escalating fees, outdated content search, and rigid program scheduling. With cord-cutting consumers seeking alternative viewing experiences, online streaming providers are gaining eyeball shares, strengthening their bargaining positions in subsequent licensing negotiations. We capture the market dynamics between content owners, cable networks, and streaming providers by analyzi...
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作者：De Vries, Harwin; Van Wassenhove, Luk N.
作者单位：Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam; INSEAD Business School
摘要：Optimization approaches for planning and routing of humanitarian field operations have been studied intensively. Yet, their adoption in practice remains scant. This opinion paper argues that effectiveness increase realized by such approaches can be marginal due to triviality of planning problems, external constraints, and information losses. Cost increases, on the other hand, can be substantial. These include costs of implementation and use, data gathering, and mismatches with organizational c...
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作者：Xiao, Yongbo; Zhou, Sean X.
作者单位：Tsinghua University; Chinese University of Hong Kong
摘要：Trade-in programs for electronics products, e.g., mobile phones, have been increasingly popular. These programs target at customers (we call them bargainers) who seek to salvage or upgrade their old devices. There are two widely adopted trade-in options: trade-in-for-upgrade and trade-in-for-cash. In this study, we consider a firm who offers both trade-in options, that is, a hybrid trade-in program, to acquire old products, then refurbishes and resells them, together with new product over a fi...
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作者：Zayas-Caban, Gabriel; Lodree, Emmett J.; Kaufman, David L.
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Alabama System; University of Alabama Tuscaloosa; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：Volunteer convergence refers to the influx of volunteers to affected areas after large-scale disasters. There are not only many benefits to volunteer convergence, but it also creates significant logistical challenges that can impede relief efforts. This study examines polices for admitting volunteers into organized relief operations, and for assigning admitted volunteers to relief tasks. We represent this problem as a queueing system where, in addition to customer arrivals and departures, rand...
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作者：Ketokivi, Mikko; Mahoney, Joseph T.
作者单位：IE University; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：Transaction cost economics (TCE) is one of the most widely referenced organization theories in operations and supply chain management research. Even though TCE is a broadly applicable theory of governance, one of its specific topics of interest-the make-or-buy decision-readily aligns with some of the central research questions on how firms manage supply chains. However, both general management and operations management researchers sometimes misunderstand and misapply TCE's aims, assumptions, a...
