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作者：Van Mieghem, Jan A.
作者单位：Northwestern University
摘要：This paper studies how judicious resource allocation in networks mitigates risk. Theory is presented for general utility functions and mean-variance formulations and is illustrated with networks featuring resource diversification, flexibility (e.g., inventory substitution), and sharing (commonality). In contrast to single-resource settings, risk-averse newsvendors may invest more in networks than risk-neutral newsvendors: some resources and even total spending may exceed risk-neutral levels. W...
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作者：Braha, Dan; Bar-Yam, Yaneer
作者单位：University of Massachusetts System; University Massachusetts Dartmouth
摘要：In recent years, understanding the structure and function of complex networks has become the foundation for explaining many different real-world complex biological, technological, and informal social phenomena. Techniques from statistical physics have been successfully applied to the analysis of these networks, and have uncovered surprising statistical structural properties that have also been shown to have a major effect on their functionality dynamics, robustness, and fragility. This paper e...
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作者：Brandenburger, Adam; Stuart, Harborne
作者单位：New York University; Columbia University
摘要：Both noncooperative and cooperative game theory have been applied to business strategy. We propose a hybrid noncooperative-cooperative game model, which we call a biform game. This is designed to formalize the notion of business strategy as making moves to try to shape the competitive environment in a favorable way. (The noncooperative component of a biform game models the strategic moves. The cooperative component models the resulting competitive environment.) We give biform models of various...
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作者：Chatain, Olivier; Zemsky, Peter
作者单位：INSEAD Business School
摘要：Horizontal scope-the set of products and services offered-is an important dimension of firm strategy and a potentially significant source of competitive advantage. On one hand, the ability to build close buyer-supplier relationships over multiple transactions can give an advantage to broad firms that offer buyers one-stop shopping. On the other hand, the existence of organizational tradeoffs can give an advantage to firms that specialize in a narrower range of products or services. We develop ...
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作者：Ryall, Michael D.; Sorenson, Olav
作者单位：University of Melbourne; University of London; London Business School; University of Toronto
摘要：The broker profits by intermediating between two (or more) parties. Using a biform game, we examine whether such a position can confer a competitive advantage, as well as whether any such advantage could persist if actors formed relations strategically. Our analysis reveals that, if one considers exogenous the relations between actors, brokers can enjoy an advantage but only if (1) they do not face substitutes either for the connections they offer or the value they can create, (2) they interme...
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作者：Guerbuez, Mustafa Cagri; Moinzadeh, Kamran; Zhou, Yong-Pin
作者单位：IE University; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：In this paper, we study the impact of coordinated replenishment and shipment in inventory/distribution systems. We analyze a system with multiple retailers and one outside supplier. Random demand occurs at each retailer, and the supplier replenishes all the retailers. In traditional inventory models, each retailer orders directly from the supplier whenever the need arises. We present a new, centralized ordering policy that orders for all retailers simultaneously. The new policy is equivalent t...
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作者：Budescu, David V.; Du, Ning
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; DePaul University
摘要：This study investigates the quality of direct probability judgments and quantile estimates with a focus on calibration and consistency. The two response modes use different measures of miscalibration, so it is difficult to directly compare their relative (in)accuracy. We employed a more refined within-subject design in which decision makers (DMs) used both response modes to make judgments about a random sample of stocks accompanied by identical information to facilitate comparison between the ...
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作者：Huang, Zan; Zeng, Daniel D.; Chen, Hsinchun
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; University of Arizona
摘要：We apply random graph modeling methodology to analyze bipartite consumer-product graphs that represent sales transactions to better understand consumer purchase behavior in e-commerce settings. Based on two real-world e-commerce data sets, we found that such graphs demonstrate topological features that deviate significantly from theoretical predictions based on standard random graph models. In particular, we observed consistently larger-than-expected average path lengths and a greater-than-exp...
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作者：Eliashberg, Jehoshua; Hui, Sam K.; Zhang, Z. John
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania
摘要：Movie studios often have to choose among thousands of scripts to decide which ones to turn into movies. Despite the huge amount of money at stake, this process-known as green-lighting in the movie industry is largely a guesswork based on experts' experience and intuitions. In this paper, we propose a new approach to help studios evaluate scripts that will then lead to more profitable green-lighting decisions. Our approach combines screenwriting domain knowledge, natural-language processing tec...
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作者：Tucker, Anita L.; Nembhard, Ingrid M.; Edmondson, Amy C.
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania
摘要：This paper contributes to research on organizational learning by investigating specific learning activities undertaken by improvement project teams in hospital intensive care units and proposing an integrative model to explain implementation success. Organizational learning is important in this context because medical knowledge changes constantly and hospital care units must learn new practices if they are to provide high-quality care. To develop a model of factors affecting improvement projec...
