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作者：Gneezy, Ayelet; Imas, Alex; Brown, Amber; Nelson, Leif D.; Norton, Michael I.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Harvard University
摘要：Building on previous research in economics and psychology, we propose that the costliness of initial prosocial behavior positively influences whether that behavior leads to consistent future behaviors. We suggest that costly prosocial behaviors serve as a signal of prosocial identity and that people subsequently behave in line with that self-perception. In contrast, costless prosocial acts do not signal much about one's prosocial identity, so subsequent behavior is less likely to be consistent...
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作者：Noe, Thomas H.; Rebello, Michael J.; Rietz, Thomas A.
作者单位：University of Oxford; University of Oxford; University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas; University of Iowa
摘要：We model the effect of external financing on a firm's ability to maintain a reputation for high-quality production. Producing high quality is first best. Defecting to low quality is tempting because it lowers current costs while revenue remains unchanged because consumers and outside investors cannot immediately observe the defection. However, defection to low quality impairs the firm's reputation, which lowers cash flows and inhibits production over the long term. Financing via short-term cla...
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作者：Besbes, Omar; Maglaras, Costis
作者单位：Columbia University
摘要：We study a seller that starts with an initial inventory of goods, has a target horizon over which to sell the goods, and is subject to a set of financial milestone constraints on the revenues and sales that need to be achieved at different time points along the sales horizon. We characterize the revenue maximizing dynamic pricing policy for the seller and highlight the effect of revenue and sales milestones on its structure. The optimal policy can be written in feedback form, where the price a...
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作者：von Hippel, Eric; de Jong, Jeroen P. J.; Flowers, Stephen
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Erasmus University Rotterdam; Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; University of Brighton
摘要：In a first survey of its type, we measure development and modification of consumer products by product users in a representative sample of 1,173 UK consumers age 18 and older. We estimate this previously unmeasured type of household sector innovation to be quite large: 6.1% of UK consumers-nearly 2.9 million individuals-have engaged in consumer product innovation during the prior three years. In aggregate, consumers' annual product development expenditures are more than 1.4 times larger than t...
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作者：Caro, Felipe; Martinez-de-Albeniz, Victor
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of Navarra; IESE Business School
摘要：Consumers become satiated with a product when purchasing too much too quickly. How much is too much and how quickly is too quickly depends on the characteristics of the product relative to the time interval between consumption periods. Knowing that, consumers allocate their budget to products that generate less satiation effects. Retailers should then choose to sell products that induce minimal satiation, but usually this is operationally more costly. To study this trade-off, we provide an ana...
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作者：Guajardo, Jose A.; Cohen, Morris A.; Kim, Sang-Hyun; Netessine, Serguei
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; Yale University; INSEAD Business School
摘要：Using a proprietary data set provided by a major manufacturer of aircraft engines, we empirically investigate how product reliability is impacted by the use of two different types of after-sales maintenance support contracts: time and material contracts (T&MC) and performance-based contracts (PBC). We offer a number of competing arguments based on the theory of incentives that establish why product reliability may increase or decrease under PBC. We build a two-stage econometric model that expl...
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作者：Shin, Jiwoong; Sudhir, K.; Yoon, Dae-Hee
作者单位：Yale University; Yonsei University
摘要：The widespread adoption of activity-based costing enables firms to allocate common service costs to each customer, allowing for precise measurement of both the cost to serve a particular customer and the customer's profitability. In this paper, we investigate how pricing strategies based on customer cost information affects a firm's customer acquisition and retention dynamics, and ultimately its profit, using a two-period monopoly model with high-and low-cost customer segments. Although past p...
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作者：Ho, Benjamin
作者单位：Vassar College
摘要：Apologies are part of a social institution designed to restore frayed relationships not only in daily life but also in the domains of corporate governance, medical malpractice litigation, political reputation, organizational culture, etc. The theory shows that in a general class of moral hazard games with imperfect information about agents with two-dimensional type, apologies exhibit regular properties-e.g., apologies are more frequent in long relationships, early in relationships, and between...
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作者：Knaup, Martin; Wagner, Wolf
作者单位：Tilburg University; Tilburg University
摘要：We propose a new method for measuring the quality of banks' credit portfolios. This method makes use of information embedded in bank share prices by exploiting differences in their sensitivity to credit default swap spreads of borrowers of varying quality. The method allows us to derive a credit risk indicator (CRI). This indicator represents the perceived share of high-risk exposures in a bank's portfolio and can be used as a risk weight for computing regulatory capital requirements. We estim...
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作者：Dellarocas, Chrysanthos
作者单位：Boston University
摘要：An important current trend in advertising is the replacement of traditional pay-per-exposure (pay-per-impression) pricing models with performance-based mechanisms in which advertisers pay only for measurable actions by consumers. Such pay-per-action (PPA) mechanisms are becoming the predominant method of selling advertising on the Internet. Well-known examples include pay-per-click, pay-per-call, and pay-per-sale. This work highlights an important, and hitherto unrecognized, side effect of PPA...
