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作者：Kaestner, Robert; Malamud, Ofer
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Chicago
摘要：This paper examines the selection of Mexican migrants to the United States using novel data with rich premigration characteristics that include permanent migrants, return migrants, and migrating households. Results indicate that Mexican migrants are more likely to be young, male, and from rural areas compared to nonmigrants, but they are similar to nonmigrants in cognitive ability and health. Migrants are selected from the middle of the education distribution. Male Mexican migrants are negativ...
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作者：Busso, Matias; DiNardo, John; McCrary, Justin
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：Frolich (2004) compares the finite sample properties of reweighting and matching estimators of average treatment effects and concludes that reweighting performs far worse than even the simplest matching estimator. We argue that this conclusion is unjustified. Neither approach dominates the other uniformly across data-generating processes (DGPs). Expanding on Frolich's analysis, this paper analyzes empirical as well as hypothetical DGPs and also examines the effect of misspecification. We concl...
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作者：Feenstra, Robert C.; Li, Zhiyuan; Yu, Miaojie
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; National Bureau of Economic Research; Shanghai University of Finance & Economics; Peking University
摘要：This paper examines why credit constraints for domestic and exporting firms arise in a setting where banks do not observe firms' productivities. To maintain incentive compatibility, banks lend below the amount that firms need for optimal production. The longer time needed for export shipments induces a tighter credit constraint on exporters than on purely domestic firms. In our application to Chinese firms, we find that the credit constraint is more stringent as a firm's export share grows, as...
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作者：Behar, Alberto; Nelson, Benjamin D.
作者单位：International Monetary Fund; Bank of England
摘要：Anderson and van Wincoop (2003) showed the importance of multilateral resistance general equilibrium effects in estimating the response of trade flows to trade costs. We integrate this into Helpman, Melitz, and Rubinstein's (2008) extension of Anderson and van Wincoop's framework, which allows for firm heterogeneity, in order to quantify the different margins of adjustment. For bilateral trade cost changes, the general equilibrium effects are small. Surprisingly, most country pairs reduce thei...
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作者：Gross, Tal; Notowidigdo, Matthew J.; Wang, Jialan
作者单位：Columbia University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Chicago
摘要：We estimate the extent to which legal and administrative fees prevent liquidity-constrained households from declaring bankruptcy. To do so, we study how the 2001 and 2008 tax rebates affected consumer bankruptcy filings. We exploit the randomized timing of the rebate checks and estimate that the rebates caused a significant short-run increase in consumer bankruptcies in both years, with larger effects in 2008 when the rebates were more generous and more widely distributed. Using hand-collected...
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作者：Anderson, Michael L.; Dobkin, Carlos; Gross, Tal
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; Columbia University
摘要：Health insurance affects the rate at which individuals visit hospitals and emergency departments (EDs). We identify the causal effect of losing health insurance using a regression discontinuity design. We compare individuals just before and after their twenty third birthday, which insurers have used as a cutoff after which students are no longer eligible for their parents' health insurance: 1.5% of young adults lose their health insurance upon turning 23, and this transition leads to a 1.6% de...
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作者：Rubin, Jared
作者单位：Chapman University System; Chapman University
摘要：The causes of the Protestant Reformation have long been debated. This paper seeks to revive and econometrically test the theory that the spread of the Reformation is linked to the spread of the printing press. I test this theory by analyzing data on the spread of the press and the Reformation at the city level. An econometric analysis that instruments for omitted variable bias with a city's distance from Mainz, the birthplace of printing, suggests that cities with at least one printing press b...
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作者：Kesternich, Iris; Siflinger, Bettina; Smith, James P.; Winter, Joachim K.
作者单位：University of Munich; RAND Corporation; Rand Health
摘要：We investigate long-run effects of World War II on socioeconomic status and health of older individuals in Europe. We analyze data from SHARELIFE, a retrospective survey conducted as part of SHARE in Europe in 2009. SHARELIFE provides detailed data on events in childhood during and after the war for over 20,000 individuals in thirteen European countries. We construct several measures of war exposure: experience of dispossession, persecution, combat in local areas, and hunger periods. Exposure ...
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作者：Allcott, Hunt; Wozny, Nathan
作者单位：New York University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Policymakers often assert that consumers undervalue future gasoline costs when they buy automobiles. We test this by measuring whether relative prices of vehicles with different fuel economy ratings fully adjust to variation in gasoline prices. Vehicle prices move as if consumers are indifferent between $1.00 in discounted future gas cost and $0.76 in vehicle purchase price. We show how corrections for endogenous market shares and utilization, measurement error, and different gasoline price fo...
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作者：Einioe, Elias
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：Despite the prevalence of R&D support programs, evaluation studies based on explicit differences in support allocation are rare. In this paper, the identification of the causal effect of R&D support on company performance is based on geographic variation in government funding arising from a population-density rule. I find positive impacts on R&D investment, employment, and sales among the participants who were granted an R&D subsidy as a result of additional aggregate R&D support funding in th...
