-
作者：Wei, SJ
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper studies the effect of corruption on foreign direct investment. The sample covers bilateral investment from twelve source countries to 45 host countries. There are two central findings. First, a rise in either the tax rate on multinational firms or the corruption level in a host country reduces inward foreign direct investment (FDI). In a benchmark estimation, an increase in the corruption level from that of Singapore to that of Mexico would have the same negative effect on inward FD...
-
作者：Bernstein, JI
作者单位：Carleton University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Canada is highly integrated with the U.S. economy. This north-south link, coupled with its east-west dimension, also renders Canadian production dependent on communication infrastructure. We investigate the influence of research and development (R&D) spillovers from U.S. manufacturing and Canadian communication infrastructure on Canadian manufacturing. Canadian production becomes relatively more R&D-intensive from communication spillovers. However, manufacturers substitute knowledge from U.S. ...
-
作者：Hamilton, BH; Ho, V; Goldman, DP
作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); RAND Corporation
摘要：Restricted government spending along with universal health insurance has led to longer queues for surgical procedures in Canada versus the United States. Yet it is unclear whether these treatment delays affect health outcomes. This paper tests this hypothesis by comparing the determinants of wait time for hip-fracture surgery and its impact on postsurgery length of stay and inpatient mortality in Canada and the United States. Hazards for surgery/no surgery and discharge alive versus dead are m...
-
作者：Ginther, DK
作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL)
摘要：This paper examines how assumptions imposed on the data influence estimates of schooling's effect on earnings. The paper models schooling decisions as treatment effects and imposes assumptions about schooling selection to estimate bounds on the treatment effect. The study begins by using the worst-case bounds derived by Manski (1989, 1990, 1994, 1995) and adds assumptions from the Roy model of schooling self-selection to narrow the bounds on the schooling treatment effect. The bounds are narro...
-
作者：Lopez, JH; Schmidt-Hebbel, K; Servén, L
作者单位：The World Bank
摘要：While fiscal adjustment is commonly viewed as the cornerstone of macroeconomic stabilization, the effectiveness of alternative fiscal instruments in raising national saving is still poorly understood. This paper enters the debate by estimating a private consumption function that allows for two types of agents-finite horizons and liquidity constraints-and nests three different consumption hypotheses. Using a large-panel data set that includes both industrial and developing countries, we reject ...
-
作者：Bell, KP; Bockstael, NE
作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：The application of spatial econometrics techniques to microlevel data of firms or households is problematic because of potentially large sample sizes and more-complicated spatial weight matrices. This paper provides the first application to actual household-level data of a new generalized-moments (GM) estimation technique developed by Kelejian and Prucha. The results based on this method, which is computationally feasible for any size data set, track those generated from the more conventional ...
-
作者：Grogger, J; Willis, M
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Despite widespread popular accounts that link crack cocaine to inner-city decay, little systematic research has analyzed how the emergence of crack affected urban crime. We study this question using FBI crime rates for 27 metropolitan areas and two sources of information on when crack first appeared in those cities. Using methods designed to control for unobserved differences among metropolitan areas, we find that the introduction of crack had substantial effects on crime. In the absence of cr...
-
作者：Bidarkota, PV
作者单位：Kansas State University
摘要：We investigate asymmetries in the conditional mean dynamics of U.S. GNP. Because the statistical evidence on nonlinearities in the conditional mean could be influenced by the presence of outliers or by a failure to model conditional heteroskedasticity, we explicitly account for outliers by assuming that the innovations are drawn from the stable family, and model time-varying volatility by a GARCH(1, 1) process. We also allow for the possibility of long memory in the series with fractional diff...
-
作者：Brannman, L; Froeb, LM
作者单位：Ministry of Education & Science of Ukraine; National University of Kyiv Mohyla Academy; Vanderbilt University
摘要：From bidding data, we estimate the underlying value distribution for Forest Service timber. We find that bidder values decrease $2/mbf (thousand board feet) with each mile from the tract and that small firms (fewer than 500 employees) have values that are $72/mbf lower than large firms. The empirical value distribution is used to simulate various hypothetical scenarios designed to inform public policy. The most anticompetitive mergers raise price by less than 3%, and a 4% decline in marginal c...
-
作者：Gron, A; Swenson, DL
作者单位：Northwestern University; University of California System; University of California Davis; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We study cost pass-through in the U.S. automobile market using a framework that incorporates the effects of cost changes on input decisions. We find that accounting for firms' factor-market decisions significantly increases measured cost pass-through, although we reject the hypothesis of full cost pass-through and constant markups. In addition, our evidence suggests that cost shocks common to all manufacturers have a greater effect on prices than do model-specific cost shocks. Finally, we exam...
