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作者：Garcia-Mandico, Silvia; Reichert, Arndt; Strupat, Christoph
作者单位：Organisation for Economic Co-operation & Development (OECD); Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam; Leibniz University Hannover; The World Bank; Deutsches Institut Entwicklungspolitik (DIE)
摘要：We use the roll-out of the national health insurance in Ghana to assess the cushioning effect of coverage on the financial consequences of health shocks and resulting changes in coping behaviors. We find a strong reduction in medical expenditures, preventing households from cutting non-food consumption and causing a decrease in the volume of received remittances as well as labor supply of healthy adult household members. Moreover, we present evidence that the insurance scheme reduced the likel...
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作者：Aum, Sangmin; Lee, Sang Yoon (Tim); Shin, Yongseok
作者单位：University of London; Queen Mary University London; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - St. Louis; Washington University (WUSTL); National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We construct a quantitative model of an economy hit by a pandemic. People choose occupations and make work-from-home decisions to maximize income and minimize their fear of infection. Occupations differ by wage, infection risk, and the productivity loss when working from home. The model is calibrated to South Korea (SK) and the United Kingdom (UK) to compare SK's intensive testing and quarantine policy against UK's lockdown. We find that SK's policies would have worked equally well in the UK, ...
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作者：Brocas, Isabelle; Carrillo, Juan D.; Montgomery, Mallory
作者单位：University of Southern California; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Amazon.com
摘要：We study experimentally the decision of an individual to steal or pay for an object that is produced at a cost by another individual. We consider two conditions. In the first condition, subjects caught stealing are sanctioned with a nominal fee. In the second condition, the sanction is increased by making the identity of the individual public (shaming). We also collect skin conductance responses to better understand the emotional arousal conducive to choices. Behaviorally, we show that stealin...
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作者：Fritsche, Jan Philipp; Klein, Mathias; Rieth, Malte
作者单位：Leibniz Association; DIW Berlin - Deutsches Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung; Humboldt University of Berlin; Sveriges Riksbank; Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg
摘要：We estimate the dynamic effects of government spending shocks, using time-varying volatility in US data modeled through a Markov switching process. We find that the average government spending multiplier is significantly and persistently above one, driven by a crowding-in of private consumption and nonresidential investment. We rationalize the results empirically through a contemporaneously counter cyclical response of government spending and an efficient weighting of observations inversely to...
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作者：Krasteva, Silvana; Saboury, Piruz
作者单位：Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; University of Houston System; University of Houston
摘要：While existing theory predicts that matching leadership gifts raise more voluntary contributions for public goods than seed money, recent field experiments find otherwise. We reconcile the two by studying a model of leadership giving with incomplete information about the quality of the public good provided by a charity. Both the fundraising scheme employed by the charity and the contribution decision by the lead donor may signal the charity's quality to subsequent donors. The charity solicits ...
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作者：Felipe Ladino, Juan; Saavedra, Santiago; Wiesner, Daniel
作者单位：Universidad del Rosario
摘要：Pre-announced policies often generate unintended consequences due to individuals' acting to take advantage of the policy conditions. Little is known about the extent to which unintended consequences from the early announcement of a policy can be larger than the implementation effect, especially in con-texts of weak state capacity. We use detailed 1 km grid square data on coca cultivation to estimate the net effect of the announcement and implementation of coca crop substitution payments in Col...
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作者：Drazen, Allan; Dreber, Anna; Ozbay, Erkut Y.; Snowberg, Erik
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; Stockholm School of Economics; University of Innsbruck; University of British Columbia; National Bureau of Economic Research; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：Recent large-scale replications of social science experiments provide important information on the reliability of experimental research. Unfortunately, there exist no mechanisms to ensure replications are done. We propose such a mechanism: journal-based replication, in which the publishing journal insists on a replication attempt between acceptance and publication. We discuss what we learned from a proof of-concept journal-based replication at the Journal of Public Economics. Our experience in...
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作者：Dodlova, Marina; Zudenkova, Galina
作者单位：University of Passau; Dortmund University of Technology
摘要：This paper studies the relationship between incumbents' performance and political extremism, both with theory and data. The theory is based on a spatial model of political competition in which voters use the incumbent's performance in office to update their beliefs about his competence. A better performance leads to the incumbent's electoral advantage and so allows him to announce a more extreme platform closer to his bliss point. His challenger, in turn, faces electoral disadvantage and so an...
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作者：Saez, Emmanuel; Schoefer, Benjamin; Seim, David
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Stockholm University
摘要：This paper uses administrative data to analyze a large and 8-year long employer payroll tax rate cut in Sweden for young workers aged 26 or less. We replicate previous results documenting that during the earlier years of the reform, it raised youth employment among the treated workers, driven by labor demand (as workers' take-home wages did not respond). First, drawing on additional years of data, this paper then documents that the longer-run effects during the reform are twice as large as the...
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作者：Chemin, Matthieu
作者单位：McGill University; Universite de Montreal; Universite de Montreal
摘要：An accessible, swift and unbiased legal system may constrain the executive by limiting expropriation and the misuse of public office for private gain. I test this hypothesis by assembling a database of judicial reforms supported by foreign aid. To address the endogenous placement of these reforms, I implement a within-country identification strategy comparing groups more or less connected to the executive. I find that judicial reforms disproportionately benefit the powerless and discriminated ...
