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作者：Ferroni, Matteo F.
作者单位：University of Missouri System; University of Missouri Columbia
摘要：I study how economic expectation shocks induced by elections contribute to democratic discontent in polarized societies, focusing on the 2022 Brazilian presidential election. Using newly collected survey data, I investigate how respondents' expectations and attitudes toward democracy evolved after the opposition candidate's narrow victory. By resurveying respondents post-election, I show that losing polarized voters who overestimate their candidate's chances of winning experience a large negat...
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作者：Figueiredo, Ana; Marie, Olivier; Markiewicz, Agnieszka
作者单位：Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam; Tinbergen Institute; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：Segmented labor markets, where stable jobs coexist with insecure, high-turnover positions, make job security key to workers' long-term outcomes. Using Dutch administrative data, we study the impact of displacement on job security and the role of cash-on-hand. One year after displacement, permanent employment falls by about one-fifth and remains lower five years later, amplifying wage losses: displaced workers who lose job security experience losses 21 % larger than those retaining a permanent ...
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作者：Clark, Damon; Coate, Stephen
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Irvine; Cornell University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Many school districts operate school choice or open enrollment programs that give parents a choice of school. The popular schools in these districts are often oversubscribed, so districts must decide which applicants receive priority at these schools. Typically, districts give priority to students who live close to these schools or allocate by random lottery. However, to provide more equitable access to popular schools and to reduce school segregation, some districts prioritize students based ...
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作者：Lin, Haizhen; Wang, Yanhao
作者单位：Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Alberta
摘要：Group purchasing organizations, or GPOs, are pervasive in many settings, but the actual value of GPOs remains a constant topic of debate. We offer one of the first studies examining the effect of GPOs on supply expenses in the U.S. hospital setting. Our two-way fixed effects model reveals that a one-standard-deviation increase in GPO scale (a GPO's market share weighted by its member hospitals' bed capacity) reduces an average hospital's supply expenses by 2.7%, translating into a per-discharg...
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作者：Chalmers, John; Mitchell, Olivia S.; Reuter, Jonathan; Zhong, Mingli
作者单位：University of Oregon; University of Pennsylvania; Boston College; Urban Institute
摘要：Seventeen US states have mandated employers to facilitate auto-enrollment retirement saving for workers lacking access to employer-sponsored plans, and proposed federal legislation seeks to extend these plans to the national level. This paper examines the experience with OregonSaves, the country's longest-running plan, documenting that the program did prompt some participant savings. Median account balances were about $600 by mid-2023, but opt-out rates were above 50%, especially for the low-p...
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作者：Johnsen, Julian Vedeler; Khoury, Laura
作者单位：University of Bergen
摘要：This paper provides direct evidence that shared incarceration can facilitate the formation of post-release criminal partnerships. Using Norwegian administrative data linking prison spells to police case identifiers, we measure network ties through subsequent co-offending. We exploit time-based variation in exposure within facilities by comparing inmate pairs in the same facility who differ only in whether their spells overlapped. Overlap is as sociated with a 37% increase in five-year co-offen...
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作者：Srinivasan, Krishna; Valasek, Justin; Wang, Weijia
作者单位：Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of St Gallen
摘要：To address rising income inequality, governments typically rely on two levers: predistribution policies that im plement inequality reduction before incomes are earned-e.g., minimum-wage laws-and redistribution policies that implement inequality reduction after incomes are earned-e.g., taxes and transfers. We explore whether support for reducing inequality depends on the choice of policy lever. Using incentivized experiments with the general population of the US and Sweden (N = 2510), we study ...
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作者：Garin, Andrew; Jackson, Emilie; Koustas, Dmitri; Miller, Alicia
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University; Michigan State University; University of Chicago
摘要：The rise of platform gig work in recent years has meant more workers have self-employment earnings, which are not subject to tax withholding but are generally covered by information reporting on 1099 returns. In 2017, many gig workers suddenly and unexpectedly stopped receiving a 1099 for their work activity, providing an opportunity to study the impact of third-party reporting on tax compliance for gig workers. We first exploit exogenous variation in receiving a 1099 information return using ...
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作者：La Nauze, Andrea; Friesen, Lana; Li Lim, Kai; Menezes, Flavio; Page, Lionel; Philip, Thara; Whitehead, Jake
作者单位：Deakin University; University of Queensland; University of Sydney
摘要：Electric vehicles are key to decarbonizing transportation, but, as batteries-on-wheels, they present novel chal lenges and opportunities for grids simultaneously transitioning to renewable energy. In a field experiment tracking 390 electric vehicles minute-by-minute, we show that time-based charging incentives dramatically shift not only when vehicles are charged, but also where. Incentives to increase charging during solar energy genera tion hours lead to a 34% rise in charging-mostly outside...
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作者：Cook, Jason; East, Chloe N.
作者单位：Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We provide the first, modern, causal estimates of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program's (SNAP) General Work Requirement and Employment and Training (E&T) Program on parents. To do so, we use linked adminis trative panel data on program receipt and earnings. Parents do not increase their work, and are much less likely to receive SNAP after the requirements are imposed. The disenrollment effect is driven by the E&T Program and those who have weaker labor market attachment.
