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作者：Monheit, AC; Schone, BS
作者单位：Agency for Healthcare Research & Quality; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; Rutgers University Biomedical & Health Sciences
摘要：In the early 1990s, over 40 states passed legislation designed to limit a number of exclusionary practices by insurers in the small group market in order to improve the availability and affordability of health insurance to employees in small firms. In this paper, we address the effects of reform on the likelihood that workers are offered insurance, have employment-based coverage, or are policyholders of an employment-based plan. We use differences-in-differences (DD) and differences-indifferen...
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作者：Raff, H
作者单位：University of Kiel
摘要：This paper examines how free-trade agreements and customs unions affect the location of foreign direct investment (FDI) and social welfare, taking into account that governments may adjust taxes and external tariffs to compete for FDI. Conditions are identified under which a free-trade agreement leads to FDI and under which this improves welfare. The welfare effect is shown to depend on the relative size of efficiency gains in production and government revenue losses due to tax competition. A f...
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作者：Gordon, N
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：One of the federal government's main elementary and secondary education programs is Title 1, which allocates money for compensatory education to school districts based on child poverty. I use sharp changes in per-pupil grant amounts surrounding the release of decennial census data to identify effects of Title I on state and local education revenue, and how much the program ultimately increases spending by recipient school districts. I find that state and local revenue efforts initially are una...
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作者：O'Keefe, S
作者单位：California State University System; California State University Sacramento
摘要：This paper examines factors that influence migration of AFDC recipients within California. A county level conditional logit model is used to analyze the impact of cost adjusted benefits on intrastate moves during recipients' first year of welfare participation. Costs of living, particularly housing costs, differ considerably across counties of California, yet the welfare benefit is set at the state level. This creates the potential for variation in the purchasing power of the welfare benefit i...
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作者：Auerbach, AJ
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作者：Keuschnigg, C; Nielsen, SB
作者单位：University of St Gallen; Copenhagen Business School
摘要：A model of start-up finance with double moral hazard is proposed. Entrepreneurs have ideas and technical competence, but lack own resources as well as commercial experience. Venture capitalists (VCs) provide start-up finance and managerial support. Both types of agents thus jointly contribute to the firm's success, but neither type's effort is verifiable. We find that the market equilibrium is biased towards inefficiently low entrepreneurial effort and venture capital support. In this situatio...
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作者：Besfamille, M
作者单位：Universidad Torcuato Di Tella
摘要：This paper studies local public works decisions in a hierarchical setting under bidimensional asymmetric information. A local authority plans to undertake a public work and delegates its construction to a firm. The federal government decides whether to fund the project, without being informed of either the project's benefit or the constructor's efficiency. The local authority knows these values. To deal with this informational gap, the federal government designs a public work contract, specify...
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作者：Aizer, A; Currie, J
作者单位：Brown University; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This study focuses on network effects in the utilization of publicly-funded prenatal care using Vital Statistics data from California for 1989-2000. Networks are defined using 5-digit zip codes and a woman's racial or ethnic group. Like others, we find evidence that the use of public programs is highly correlated within groups defined using race/ethnicity and neighborhoods. These correlations persist even when we control for many unobserved characteristics by including zip code-year fixed effe...
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作者：Bernhardt, D; Dubey, S; Hughson, E
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
摘要：We develop a dynamic model of democratic politics in which both potential office holders and the electorate have heterogeneous ideologies. Voters have incomplete information about candidate ideologies, so they must use information from previous positions taken in office to make informed re-election decisions. We characterize the effects of term limits on the evolution over time of the ideological positions taken by office holders and derive the implications for voter choice and welfare. Contri...
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作者：Lalive, R; Zweimüller, J
作者单位：University of Zurich
摘要：The potential duration of benefits is generally viewed as an important determinant of unemployment duration. This paper evaluates a unique policy change that prolonged entitlement to regular unemployment benefits from 30 weeks to a maximum of 209 weeks for elderly individuals in certain regions of Austria. in the evaluation, we explicitly account for the fact that the program was an endogenous policy response to deteriorating labor market conditions for older workers in certain regions and sec...
