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作者：Bloch, Francis; Zenginobuz, E. Unal
作者单位：Aix-Marseille Universite; Aix-Marseille Universite; Bogazici University; Bogazici University
摘要：This paper analyzes the effects of spillovers on the equilibrium, population distribution across jurisdictions in a local public good:economy with free mobility. Spillovers are parametrized by a matrix [alpha ij] where ay alpha ij is an element of [0, 1]. When spillovers are symmetric and close. to 0 or 1 (pure local public goods band pure public goods); all equilibrium jurisdiction structures are symmetric. However,. any population. distribution can be sustained,in equilibrium;for some value ...
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作者：Shi, Min; Svensson, Jakob
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; Stockholm University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：This paper uses a large panel data set to examine the relation between elections and fiscal policy. We find evidence of political budget cycles: on average, government fiscal deficit increases by almost 1% of GDP in election years. Moreover, these political budget cycles are significantly larger, and statistically more robust, in developing than in developed countries. We propose a moral hazard model of electoral competition to explain this difference. In the model, the size of the electoral b...
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作者：Lee, Woojin; Roemer, John E.
作者单位：University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst
摘要：The two main political parties in the United States in the period 1976-1992 put forth policies on redistribution and on issues pertaining directly to race. We argue that redistributive politics in the US can be fully understood only by taking account of the interconnection between these issues in political competition. We identify two mechanisms through which racism among American voters decreases the degree of redistribution that would otherwise obtain. In common with others, we suggest that ...
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作者：Klor, EF
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem
摘要：This paper develops a positive theory of overlapping income taxation in a federation of states. The analysis provides a complete characterization of the equilibrium federal and states tax rates as functions of the level of total productivity dispersion between the states. The federal rate is increasing in the level of total productivity dispersion between the states, even if the income of the decisive voter at the federal level is above the mean income. Given that the individuals' income is en...
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作者：Auerbach, AJ
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：In recent years, the United States has evaluated policy changes using a multi-year budget window A budget window that is too short permits the shifting of costs beyond the window's endpoint, while a window that is too long includes years for which current legislation is essentially meaningless, and allows the shifting of fiscal burdens to those whom budget rules are supposed to protect. This paper characterizes the optimal budget window. An appropriately designed budget window eliminates the i...
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作者：O'Donoghue, Ted; Rabin, Matthew
作者单位：Cornell University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：We investigate sin taxes on unhealthy items, such as fatty foods, that people may (by their own reckoning) consume too much of We employ a standard optimal-taxation framework, but replace the standard assumption that all consumers have 100% self control with an assumption that some consumers may have some degree of self-control problems. We show that imposing taxes on unhealthy items and returning the proceeds to consumers can generally improve total social surplus. Because such taxes countera...
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作者：Cadot, Olivier; Roeller, Lars-Hendrik; Stephan, Andreas
作者单位：Humboldt University of Berlin; INSEAD Business School; Leibniz Association; DIW Berlin - Deutsches Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung
摘要：This paper proposes a simultaneous-equation approach to the estimation of the contribution of transport infrastructure accumulation to regional growth. We model explicitly the political-economy process driving infrastructure investments; in doing so, we eliminate a potential source of bias in production-function estimates and generate testable hypotheses on the forces that shape infrastructure policy. Our empirical findings on a panel of France's regions over 1985-92 suggest that electoral con...
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作者：Klumpp, T; Polborn, MK
作者单位：Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：Candidates for U.S. presidential elections are determined through sequential elections in single states, the primaries. We develop a model in which candidates can influence their winning probability in electoral districts by spending money on campaigning. The equilibrium replicates several stylized facts very well: Campaigning is very intensive in the first district. The outcome of the first election then creates an asymmetry in the candidates' incentives to campaign in the next district, whic...
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作者：Buckley, E; Croson, R
作者单位：Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA; CDC National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS); University of Pennsylvania
摘要：This paper examines the effect of income and wealth heterogeneity in the voluntary provision of a linear public good. We use models of inequality aversion and altruism to predict behavior in our setting. Our results are not consistent with these models, however; our experimental results suggest that less wealthy subjects give the same absolute amount (and more as a percentage of their income) as the more wealthy. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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作者：Lee, Y; Gordon, RH
作者单位：Hanyang University; University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：Past theoretical work predicts that higher corporate tax rates should decrease economic growth rates, while the effects of high personal tax rates are less clear. In this paper, we explore how tax policies in fact affect a country's growth rate, using cross-country data during 1970-1997. We find that statutory corporate tax rates are significantly negatively correlated with cross-sectional differences in average economic growth rates, controlling for various other determinants of economic grow...
