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作者：Giles, John; Meng, Xin; Xue, Sen; Zhao, Guochang
作者单位：The World Bank; Australian National University; Jinan University; Southwestern University of Finance & Economics - China
摘要：This paper uses a randomized information intervention to shed light on whether poor understanding of social insurance, both the process of enrolling and costs and benefits, drives the relatively low rates of participation in urban health insurance and pension programs among China?s rural-urban migrants. Among workers without a contract, the information intervention has a strong positive effect on participation in health insurance and, among younger age groups, in pension programs. Migrants are...
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作者：Aiyar, Anaka; Cummins, Joseph R.
作者单位：Nevada System of Higher Education (NSHE); University of Nevada Reno; University of California System; University of California Riverside
摘要：We provide an age-profile perspective and two classes of regression models that make progress on differentiating between two types of determinants of child health: health endowment effects provided to the child at birth; and health investment effects determined by the post-birth stream of health inputs provided to the child and the productivity of those investments. We apply the framework to two related puzzles in the child health demography literature: the Indian Enigma, where Indian children...
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作者：Cirelli, Fernando; Espino, Emilio; Sanchez, Juan M.
作者单位：New York University; Universidad Torcuato Di Tella
摘要：The high incidence of informality in the labor markets of middle-income economies challenges the provision of unemployment protection. We show that, despite informational frictions, the introduction of an unemployment insurance savings account (UISA) system may provide substantial benefits. This system improves welfare by providing insurance to the unemployed and creating incentives to work in the formal sector. The optimal scheme generates a reduction in unemployment (from 4 to 3 percent), an...
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作者：Cassidy, Rachel; Bruinderink, Marije Groot; Janssens, Wendy; Morsink, Karlijn
作者单位：The World Bank; University of Amsterdam; Tinbergen Institute; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Utrecht University; University System of Georgia; Georgia State University
摘要：Women may face systematically greater benefits than men from adopting certain technologies, for example some health-improving technologies. Yet women often hold lower bargaining power, such that men's preferences may constrain household adoption in households containing men. Introducing a version of the technology that is less effective, but has lower perceived costs or higher perceived benefits to men, may increase adoption and household welfare compared to no adoption at all. This paper cont...
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作者：Kumar, Tanu
作者单位：William & Mary
摘要：This paper measures the effects of a subsidized housing lottery in Mumbai, India wherein winners can choose to either live in or rent out the homes. After 3-5 years, winners experience better housing quality, greater reported income, and different attitudes when compared to non-winners. They also have higher education and employment rates, with effects concentrated among youth. This occurs even though winners live in neighborhoods with worse schools and lower employment rates than non-winners ...
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作者：Jaume, David; Willen, Alexander
作者单位：Norwegian School of Economics (NHH)
摘要：Teacher industrial action is a leading cause of temporary school closures around the globe. These events leave millions of families struggling with disrupted childcare arrangements and may have important consequences for the labor market outcomes of parents. This paper presents the first detailed analysis on the topic, exploiting recently digitalized data on teacher strikes in Argentina in a dose-response triple difference framework. Mothers respond to teacher strikes by dropping out of the la...
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作者：Jaume, David
作者单位：Bank of Mexico
摘要：This paper studies the labor market effects of an educational expansion on the occupational structure of employment and the wage distribution in Brazil. I document that, along with a large educational expansion between 1995 and 2014, the occupational structure of employment remained surprisingly fixed, with workers of all educational groups increasingly employed in lower wage occupations. Despite this common occupational downgrading, wages of primary educated workers soared while wages of work...
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作者：Chen, Shuai; Gong, Binlei
作者单位：Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University
摘要：This article aims to identify the mechanism of how climate change affects agriculture through various channels and the mechanism of longer-run adaptation. Using a county-panel dataset spanning the past 35 years, we evaluate the impact of global warming on agricultural total factor productivity (TFP) as well as the impacts on agricultural inputs and outputs in China. Results show that, in the short run, extreme heat has negative effects on China's agricultural TFP and input utilization, which r...
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作者：Wei, Shang-Jin; Wei, Ziru; Xu, Jianhuan
作者单位：Columbia University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); Tsinghua University; Singapore Management University
摘要：An influential hypothesis states that export pioneers are too few relative to social optimum because the first exporter's action creates an informational public good for all subsequent exporters. The hypothesis has been invoked to justify certain types of government interventions. We note, however, that such market failure requires two inequalities to hold simultaneously: the discovery cost is neither too low nor too high. Neither has to hold in the data. We propose a structural estimation fra...
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作者：Rozo, Sandra V.; Vargas, Juan F.
作者单位：Universidad del Rosario
摘要：We study the electoral effects of the arrival of 1.3 million Venezuelan refugees in Colombia as a consequence of the Venezuelan humanitarian crisis. We exploit the fact that forced migrants disproportionately locate in places with earlier settlements of Venezuelans after the intensification of the crisis. We find that larger migration shocks increase voter?s turnout and shift votes from left-to right-wing political ideologies. These effects are predominantly driven by voter?s concerns on the e...
