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作者：Li, Hongbin; Meng, Lingsheng; Wang, Qian; Zhou, Li-An
作者单位：Chinese University of Hong Kong; Tsinghua University; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; Chinese University of Hong Kong; Zhejiang University; Peking University
摘要：This paper examines the role of affiliation with the ruling Communist Party in the operation of private enterprises in China. Using a nationwide survey of private Finns, we find that the Party membership of private entrepreneurs has a positive effect on the performance of their firms when human capital and other relevant variables are controlled. We further find that Party membership helps private entrepreneurs to obtain loans from banks or other state institutions, and affords them more confi...
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作者：Goncalves, Carlos Eduardo S.; Salles, Joao M.
作者单位：Universidade de Sao Paulo; Columbia University
摘要：In a recent thought-provoking paper, Ball and Sheridan [Ball, L., Sheridan, N., 2005. Does inflation targeting matter? In: Bernanke, B.S., Woodford, M. (Eds.), The Inflation-Targeting Debate, University of Chicago Press] show that the available evidence for a group of developed economies does not lend credence to the belief that adopting an inflation targeting regime (IT) was instrumental in bringing inflation and inflation volatility down. Here, we extend Ball and Sheridan's analysis for a su...
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作者：Mangyo, Eiji
摘要：Previous studies find that human capital investments in boys are less income elastic than investments in girls, attributing this result to favoritism toward boys. I show theoretically that it is plausible for more productive or favored household members to have higher income elasticities. I then investigate this question empirically, utilizing panel data on individual nutrient intake from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) to analyze how changes in household per-capita nutrient intak...
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作者：Ahlin, Christian; Pang, Jiaren
作者单位：Michigan State University; State University of New York (SUNY) System; University at Buffalo, SUNY
摘要：While financial development and corruption control have been studied extensively, their interaction has not. We develop a simple model in which low corruption and financial development both facilitate the undertaking of productive projects, but act as substitutes in doing so. The substitutability arises because corruption raises the need for liquidity and thus makes financial improvements more potent; conversely, financial underdevelopment makes corruption more onerous and thus raises the gain...
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作者：Kasahara, Hiroyuki; Rodrigue, Joel
作者单位：Western University (University of Western Ontario); Queens University - Canada
摘要：This paper examines whether importing intermediate goods improves plant performance. While addressing the issue of simultaneous productivity shocks and decisions to import intermediates, we estimate the impact foreign intermediates have on plants' productivity using plant-level Chilean manufacturing panel data. Across different estimators, we find evidence that becoming an importer of foreign intermediates improves productivity. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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作者：Agenor, Pierre-Richard; Bayraktar, Nihal; El Aynaoui, Karim
作者单位：University of Manchester; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park
摘要：This paper presents a dynamic macroeconomic model that captures key linkages between foreign aid, public investment, growth, and poverty. Public capital is disaggregated into education, core infrastructure, and health. Dutch disease effects associated with aid are accounted for by endogenizing changes in the relative price of domestic goods. The impact of shocks on poverty is assessed through partial elasticities and household survey data. The model is calibrated for Ethiopia and changes in th...
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作者：Fafchamps, Marcel; Shilpi, Forhad
作者单位：University of Oxford; The World Bank
摘要：The recent literature has shown that subjective welfare depends on relative income. Much of the existing evidence comes from developed economics. What remains unclear is whether this is a universal human trait or an artifact of a prosperous, market-oriented lifestyle. Using data from Nepal, a mountainous country where many households still live in relative isolation, we test whether poorer and more isolated households care less about relative consumption. We find that they do not. We investiga...
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作者：Houssa, Romain
作者单位：KU Leuven
摘要：This paper analyzes the economic costs of a monetary union in West Africa by looking at the fluctuations of aggregate demand and aggregate supply shocks across countries. Previous studies have estimated shocks with Vector Auto-Regressive (VAR) models. This paper discusses the limitations of VAR models and applies a new technique based on dynamic factor models. The results show negative and low positive correlations among supply shocks of West African countries, indicating that these countries ...
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作者：Haaparanta, Pertti; Pirttila, Jukka
作者单位：Aalto University
摘要：We examine the choice of economic reforms when policymakers have present-biased preferences and can choose to discard information (maintain confidence) to mitigate distortions from excess discounting. The decisions of policymakers and firms are shown to be interdependent. Confident policymakers carry out welfare-improving reforms more often, which increases the probability that firms will invest in restructuring. While policymakers in different countries can be equally irrational, the conseque...
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作者：Platteau, Jean-Philippe; Seki, Erika
作者单位：University of Namur; University of Aberdeen
摘要：In the presence of individual heterogeneity, a major problem with egalitarian partnership, such as complete income pooling, is that individuals of comparatively high ability are induced to exit the arrangement. This is nevertheless ignoring the possible impact of social esteem considerations based on a comparison of members' performances. In this paper, drawing inspiration from pooling experiences in a Japanese fishery, we show that the exit problem can be surmounted if sensitivity to social e...
