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作者：Gamper-Rabindran, Shanti; Khan, Shakeeb; Timmins, Christopher
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; Duke University
摘要：We examine the impact of piped water on the under-1 infant mortality rate (IMR) in Brazil using a recently developed econometric procedure for the estimation of quantile treatment effects with panel data. The provision of piped water in Brazil is highly correlated with other observable and unobservable determinants of IMR the latter leading to an important source of bias. Instruments for piped water provision are not readily available, and fixed effects to control for time-invariant correlated...
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作者：Oyelere, Ruth Uwaifo
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：In the last two decades, the social and economic benefits of formal education in Sub-Saharan Africa have been debated. Anecdotal evidence points to low returns to education in Africa. Unfortunately, there is limited econometric evidence to support these claims at the micro level. In this study, I focus on Nigeria, a country that holds 1/5 of Africa's population. I use instruments based on the exogenous timing of the implementation and withdrawal of free primary education across regions in this...
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作者：Rauch, James E.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：For many less developed countries production of high quality output is a precondition for firms to become exporters. Institutional deficiencies that raise costs of high quality production therefore limit the positive impact that trade facilitation can have on income. Consequently, institutional reforms that reduce costs of high quality production and trade reform have synergistic effects. In contrast, institutional reforms that reduce costs of low quality production (e.g., reforms that disprop...
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作者：Fleck, Robert K.; Kilby, Christopher
作者单位：Villanova University; Montana State University System; Montana State University Bozeman
摘要：This paper explores how U.S. bilateral economic aid has changed over time, focusing on how the recent era-in which the War on Terror has played a prominent role in the Bush administration's aid policy-differs from previous eras. In particular. has the renewed geopolitical role of aid coincided with a reduction of aid to the poorest countries or less weight on need in U.S. aid allocation decisions? We start with an analysis of annual U.S. aid budgets from 1955 to 2006. Controlling for domestic ...
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作者：Puga, Diego; Trefler, Daniel
作者单位：Universidad Carlos III de Madrid; University of Toronto; University of Toronto; National Bureau of Economic Research; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR)
摘要：Increasingly, a small number of low-wage countries such as China and India are involved in incremental innovation. That is, they are responsible for resolving production-line bugs and suggesting product improvements. We provide evidence of this new phenomenon and develop a model in which there is a transition from old-style product-cycle trade to trade involving incremental innovation in low-wage countries. The model explains why levels of involvement in incremental innovation vary across low-...
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作者：Madsen, Jakob B.; Saxena, Shishir; Ang, James B.
作者单位：Monash University
摘要：Using over half a century of R&D data for India, this paper tests whether the second-generation endogenous growth theories are consistent with India's growth experience. Furthermore, the paper examines the extent to which growth in India can be explained by R&D activity, international R&D spillovers, catch-up to the technology frontier and policy reforms. The empirical results show that the growth in India over the past five decades has been driven by research intensity following the predictio...
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作者：Macchiavello, Rocco
作者单位：University of Warwick
摘要：The industrial organization of developing countries is characterized by the pervasive use of subcontracting arrangements among small, financially constrained firms. This paper asks whether vertical integration relaxes those financial constraints. It shows that vertical integration trades off the benefits of joint liability against the costs of rendering the supply chain more opaque to external investors. In contrast to the commonly held view that pervasive input and capital market imperfection...
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作者：Dustmann, Christian; Mestres, Josep
作者单位：University of London; University College London
摘要：In this paper we study the remittance behavior of immigrants and how it relates to temporary versus permanent migration plans. We use a unique data source that provides unusual detail on remittances and return plans, and follows the same household over time. Our data allows us also to distinguish between different purposes of remittances. We analyze the association between individual and household characteristics and the geographic location of the family as well as return plans, and remittance...
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作者：Fuentes, Miguel; Saravia, Diego
作者单位：Central Bank of Chile
摘要：We empirically study whether countries that default on their debt experience a reduction in their capital inflows, as suggested by the literature. Our data contain information on (i) the defaulter countries and their creditors and (ii) bilateral foreign direct investment (FDI) flows. With these we can study how FDI flows are affected by sovereign default by distinguishing between those flows coming from defaulters' creditor countries and others. According to our estimations, this distinction i...
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作者：El Badaoui, Eliane; Strobl, Eric; Walsh, Frank
作者单位：Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Ecole Polytechnique; CY Cergy Paris Universite; University College Dublin
摘要：We show theoretically that when larger firms pay higher wages and are more likely to be caught defaulting on labor taxes, then large-high wage firms will be in the formal and small-low wage firms will be in the informal sector. The formal sector wage premium is thus just a firm size wage differential. Using data from Ecuador we illustrate that firm size is indeed the key variable determining whether a formal sector premium exists. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
