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作者：Algan, Yann; Malgouyres, Clement; Mayer, Thierry; Thoenig, Mathias
作者单位：Institut d'Etudes Politiques Paris (Sciences Po); Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Paris School of Economics; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Institut d'Etudes Politiques Paris (Sciences Po); University of Lausanne
摘要：This paper studies how economic incentives influence cultural transmission, using a crucial expression of cultural identity: child naming decisions. Our focus is on Arabic versus non-Arabic names given in France over the 2003-2007 period. Our model of cultural transmission features three determinants: (i) vertical (parental) cultural transmission culture; (ii) horizontal (neighbourhood) influence; (iii) information on the economic penalty associated with Arabic names. We find that economic inc...
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作者：Brunt, Liam; Garcia-Penalosa, Cecilia
作者单位：Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Aix-Marseille Universite
摘要：A large literature characterises urbanisation as resulting from productivity growth attracting rural workers to cities. Incorporating economic geography elements into a growth model, we suggest that causation runs the other way: when rural workers move to cities, the resulting urbanisation produces technological change and productivity growth. Urban density leads to knowledge exchange and innovation, thus creating a positive feedback loop between city size and productivity that initiates susta...
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作者：Louis, Philippos; Nunez, Matias; Xefteris, Dimitrios
作者单位：University of Cyprus; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; ENSAE Paris; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Ecole Polytechnique
摘要：Collective choice mechanisms are used by groups to reach decisions in the presence of diverging preferences. But can the employed mechanism affect the degree of post-decision actual agreement (i.e., preference homogeneity) within a group? And if so, which are the features of the choice mechanisms that matter? Since it is difficult to address these questions in natural settings, we employ a theory-driven experiment where, after the group collectively decides on an issue, individual preferences ...
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作者：Aucejo, Esteban; Coate, Patrick; Fruehwirth, Jane Cooley; Kelly, Sean; Mozenter, Zachary
作者单位：Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh
摘要：This paper provides evidence of match effects in the teacher labour market by considering how teacher effectiveness varies by classroom composition. We combine random assignment of teachers with rich measures of teaching practices based on a popular teacher-evaluation protocol to overcome endogeneity challenges. We find significant complementarities between teaching practice and classroom composition for maths achievement. We use these estimates to simulate the effects of reallocating classroo...
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作者：Griffith, Rachel
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：Obesity rates in the United Kingdom, and around the world, are high and rising. They are higher, and rising faster, amongst people growing up and living in deprivation. These patterns raise potential concerns about both market failures and equity. There is much that policy can do to address these concerns. However, policy can also do harm if it is poorly targeted or has unintended consequences. In order to design effective policies we need an understanding of who we are trying to target, and f...
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作者：Griffith, Rachel; O'Connell, Martin; Smith, Kate
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Manchester; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of London; University College London
摘要：We evaluate the impact of a price floor for alcohol introduced in Scotland in 2018, using a difference-in-differences strategy with England as a control group. We show that the policy led to the largest reductions in alcohol units purchased among the heaviest drinkers-the group who, at the margin, are likely to create the largest externalities from drinking. The price floor is well targeted at heavy drinkers because they buy a much greater fraction of their units from cheap products and switch...
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作者：Labandeira, Xavier; Labeaga, Jose M.; Teixido, Jordi J.
作者单位：Universidade de Vigo; Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia (UNED); University of Barcelona
摘要：The global energy mix and cost structure of the power industry are experiencing a redefinition. Many countries are revamping electricity-pricing systems to guarantee fixed-cost recovery, often by raising the fixed charge of two-part tariff schemes. However, a key assumption of two-part tariff schemes and associated fixed-cost recoveries is that consumers discriminate fixed from marginal costs. We conduct a quasi-experiment with data from a major electricity price reform recently implemented in...
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作者：Fretz, Stephan; Parchet, Raphael; Robert-Nicoud, Frederic
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作者：Hugonnier, Julien; Pelgrin, Florian; St-Amour, Pascal
作者单位：Swiss Finance Institute (SFI); Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Universite de Montreal; University of Lausanne; Swiss Finance Institute (SFI)
摘要：Rationalising the stark differences between the human capital and the statistical values of a human life is complicated by the absence of common foundations. We solve a human capital investment model with longevity risk to characterise the human capital. The associated indirect utility yields the willingness to pay against mortality; the marginal willingness to pay solves the value of a statistical life. Indifference between life and certain death characterises the limiting willingness to pay ...
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作者：Fergusson, Leopoldo; Larreguy, Horacio; Riano, Juan Felipe
作者单位：Universidad de los Andes (Colombia); Universidad de los Andes (Colombia); Instituto Tecnologico Autonomo de Mexico; Stanford University
摘要：We develop a model of the politics of state capacity building undertaken by incumbent parties that have a comparative advantage in clientelism rather than in public goods provision. The model predicts that, when challenged by opponents, clientelistic incumbents have the incentive to prevent investments in state capacity. We provide empirical support for the model's implications by studying policy decisions by the Institutional Revolutionary Party that affected local state capacity across Mexic...
