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作者：Brandt, Loren; Kambourov, Gueorgui; Storesletten, Kjetil
作者单位：University of Toronto; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：Labour productivity in manufacturing differs starkly across regions in China. We document that productivity, wages, and start-up rates of non-state firms have nevertheless experienced rapid unconditional regional convergence after 1995. To analyse these patterns, we construct a Hopenhayn model that incorporates location-specific capital wedges, output wedges, and entry barriers. Using Chinese Industry Census data, we estimate these wedges and examine their role in explaining differences in per...
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作者：Chen, Xiaohong; Gentry, Matthew; Li, Tong; Lu, Jingfeng
作者单位：Yale University; State University System of Florida; Florida State University; Vanderbilt University; National University of Singapore
摘要：We study identification and inference in first-price auctions with risk-averse bidders and selective entry, building on a flexible framework we call the Affiliated Signal with Risk Aversion (AS-RA) model. Assuming exogenous variation in either the number of potential bidders (N) or a continuous instrument (z) shifting opportunity costs of entry, we provide a sharp characterization of the nonparametric restrictions implied by equilibrium bidding. This characterization implies that risk neutrali...
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作者：Hagemann, Andreas
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：I introduce a generic method for inference about a scalar parameter in research designs with a finite number of heterogeneous clusters where only a single cluster received treatment. This situation is commonplace in difference-in-differences estimation, but the test developed here applies more broadly. I show that the test controls size and has power under asymptotics where the number of observations within each cluster is large but the number of clusters is fixed. The test combines weighted, ...
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作者：Crepon, Bruno; Premand, Patrick
作者单位：Institut Polytechnique de Paris; ENSAE Paris; The World Bank
摘要：Public interventions in the apprenticeship market often aim to increase demand or returns. We set up a double-sided experiment with youth and firms to analyse a subsidized dual apprenticeship program. This intervention seeks to relax financial constraints for youth by offering a wage subsidy and to make apprenticeship more attractive by providing vocational training in technical skills that complements on-the-job training. We document a large increase in youth participation in apprenticeship, ...
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作者：Card, David; Colella, Fabrizio; Lalive, Rafael
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Universita della Svizzera Italiana; University of Lausanne
摘要：In Spring 2005, the Ombud for Equal Treatment in Austria launched a campaign notifying employers and newspapers that gender preferences in job ads were illegal. At the time, over 40% of vacancies on the nation's largest job board stated a gender preference; within a year the rate fell below 5%. We merge job board vacancies and employer records to study how the campaign affected hiring choices and the gender diversity of occupations and workplaces. Using pre-campaign data, we predict the use of...
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作者：Hagenbach, Jeanne; Saucet, Charlotte
作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut d'Etudes Politiques Paris (Sciences Po); heSam Universite; Universite Pantheon-Sorbonne
摘要：We experimentally study how individuals read strategically transmitted information when they have preferences over what they will learn. Subjects play disclosure games in which Receivers should interpret messages skeptically. We vary whether the state that Senders communicate about is ego-relevant or neutral for Receivers, and whether skeptical beliefs are aligned or not with what Receivers prefer believing. Compared to neutral settings, skepticism is significantly lower when it is self-threat...
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作者：Milgrom, Paul; Watt, Mitchell
作者单位：Stanford University; Monash University
摘要：We introduce markup equilibrium-an extension of Walrasian equilibrium in which consumers pay a fixed percentage markup over producer prices. In quasilinear markets, markup equilibria exist despite nonconvexities. They are resource-feasible and envy-free, incur no budget deficit, and require little more communication and computation than ordinary Walrasian equilibrium. The associated markup mechanism is asymptotically incentive-compatible. We also introduce a Bound-Form First Welfare Theorem, w...
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作者：Mendez, Esteban; Van Patten, Diana
作者单位：Yale University
摘要：We exploit a unique event to study the extent to which popular attitudes towards trade are driven by economic fundamentals. In 2007, Costa Rica put a free trade agreement (FTA) to a national referendum. With a single question on the ballot, 59% of Costa Rican adult citizens cast a vote on whether they wanted an FTA with the U.S. to be ratified or not. We merge disaggregated referendum results, which break new ground on anonymity-compatible voting data, with employer-employee, customs, and firm...
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作者：Marx, Benjamin; Pons, Vincent; Rollet, Vincent
作者单位：Boston University; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); National Bureau of Economic Research; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：In most national elections, voters face a key choice between continuity and change. Electoral turnovers occur when the incumbent candidate or party fails to win reelection. To understand how turnovers affect national outcomes, we study all presidential and parliamentary elections held globally between 1946 and 2018. We document the prevalence of turnovers over time and estimate their effects on economic performance, human development, and the quality of democracy. Using a close-elections regre...
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作者：Cerreia-Vioglio, Simone; Hansen, Lars Peter; Maccheroni, Fabio; Marinacci, Massimo
作者单位：Bocconi University; Bocconi University; University of Chicago
摘要：We use decision theory to confront uncertainty that is sufficiently broad to incorporate models as approximations. We presume the existence of a featured collection of what we call structured models that have explicit substantive motivations. The decision-maker confronts uncertainty through the lens of these models, but also views these models as simplifications, and hence, as misspecified. We extend the max-min analysis under model ambiguity to incorporate the uncertainty induced by acknowled...
