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作者：Giroud, Xavier; Rauh, Joshua
作者单位：Columbia University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Stanford University; Stanford University
摘要：Using census microdata on multistate firms and their organizational forms, we estimate the impact of state taxes on business activity. For C corporations, employment and the number of establishments have short-run corporate tax elasticities of -0.4 to -0.5 and do not vary with changes in personal tax rates. Pass-through entity activities show tax elasticities of -0.2 to -0.4 with respect to personal tax rates and are invariant with respect to corporate tax rates. Capital shows similar patterns...
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作者：Fruehwirth, Jane Cooley; Iyer, Sriya; Zhang, Anwen
作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of Cambridge; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：Depression is the leading cause of illness and disability in adolescence. Many studies show a correlation between religiosity and mental health, yet the question remains whether the relationship is causal. We exploit within-school variation in adolescents' peers to deal with selection into religiosity. We find robust effects of religiosity on depression that are stronger for the most depressed. These effects are not driven by the school social context; depression spreads among close friends ra...
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作者：Almond, Douglas; Li, Hongbin; Zhang, Shuang
作者单位：Columbia University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Stanford University; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
摘要：China's land reform in 1978-84 unleashed rapid growth in farm output and household income. In new data on reform timing in 914 counties, we find an immediate trend break in the fraction of male children following the reform. Among second births that followed a firstborn girl, sex ratios increased from 1.1 to 1.3 boys per girl in the 4 years following reform. Larger increases are found among families with more education. The land reform estimate is robust to controlling for the county-level rol...
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作者：Neumark, David; Burn, Ian; Button, Patrick
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Irvine; National Bureau of Economic Research; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Stockholm University; Tulane University; RAND Corporation
摘要：We design and implement a large-scale resume correspondence study to address limitations of existing field experiments testing for age discrimination that may bias their results. One limitation that may bias results is giving older and younger applicants similar experience to make them otherwise comparable. A second limitation is that greater unobserved differences in human capital investment of older applicants may bias the results against finding age discrimination. On the basis of over 40,0...
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作者：Berger, David; Vavra, Joseph
作者单位：Northwestern University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Chicago
摘要：The dispersion of many economic variables is countercyclical. What drives this fact? Greater dispersion could arise from greater volatility of shocks or from agents responding more to shocks of constant size. Without data separately measuring exogenous shocks and endogenous responses, a theoretical debate between these explanations has emerged. In this paper, we provide novel identification using price data in the open-economy environment: using confidential BLS microdata, we document a robust...
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作者：Che, Yeon-Koo; Tercieux, Olivier
作者单位：Columbia University; Paris School of Economics; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
摘要：We study efficient and stable mechanisms in matching markets when the number of agents is large and individuals' preferences and priorities are drawn randomly. When agents' preferences are uncorrelated, then both efficiency and stability can be achieved in an asymptotic sense via standard mechanisms such as deferred acceptance and top trading cycles. When agents' preferences are correlated over objects, however, these mechanisms are either inefficient or unstable, even in an asymptotic sense. ...
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作者：Jackson, Matthew O.
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：The friendship paradox (first noted by Feld in 1991) refers to the fact that, on average, people have strictly fewer friends than their friends have. I show that this oversampling of more popular people can lead people to perceive more engagement than exists in the overall population. This feeds back to amplify engagement in behaviors that involve complementarities. Also, people with the greatest proclivity for a behavior choose to interact the most, leading to further feedback and amplificati...
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作者：Walters, Christopher
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
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作者：Blouin, Arthur; Mukand, Sharun W.
作者单位：University of Toronto; University of Warwick
摘要：This paper examines whether propaganda broadcast over radio helped to change interethnic attitudes in postgenocide Rwanda. We exploit variation in exposure to the government's radio propaganda due to the mountainous topography of Rwanda. Results of lab-in-the-field experiments show that individuals exposed to government propaganda have lower salience of ethnicity, have increased interethnic trust, and show more willingness to interact face-to-face with members of another ethnic group. Our resu...
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作者：Wieland, Johannes F.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：The standard new Keynesian model predicts that economies behave differently at the zero lower bound: completely wasteful government spending or forward guidance is very stimulative, and capital destruction or oil supply shocks are expansionary. I provide empirical evidence on this prediction and find it wanting: The Great East Japan Earthquake and oil supply shocks are contractionary at the zero lower bound. Modifications of the model that are consistent with this evidence also overturn other ...
