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作者：Dupas, Pascaline; Jayachandran, Seema; Lleras-Muney, Adriana; Rossi, Pauline
作者单位：Princeton University
摘要：We conducted a randomized trial among 14,545 households in rural Burkina Faso to test the oft-cited hypothesis that limited access to contraception is an important driver of high fertility rates in West Africa. We do not find support for this hypothesis. Women who were given free access to modern contraception for three years did not have lower birth rates; we can reject even modest effects. We cross-randomized additional interventions to address inefficiencies that might depress demand for fr...
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作者：Lachowska, Marta; Sorkin, Isaac; Woodbury, Stephen A.
作者单位：W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research; Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Michigan State University
摘要：We quantify the employer's role in unemployment insurance (UI) take-up. Employer effects on claiming and appeals are substantial, and those effects are negatively correlated, consistent with appeals deterring claims. Low-wage workers are less likely to claim and more likely to have their claims appealed than median-wage workers. Employer effects help explain these income gradients, so equalizing employer effects on claiming would increase the progressivity of UI. Finally, the main source of ta...
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作者：Cooper, Ryan; Doyle, Joseph J.; Hojman, Andres
作者单位：University of Chicago; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile
摘要：Children spend years in foster care, and bureaucratic hurdles can unnecessarily prolong their stays. The Mi Abogado program was introduced in Chile to enhance legal aid for foster children and accelerate family reunification. In a novel approach, the Chilean government randomized the introduction of the program for children living in institutions to evaluate effects on child well-being. Using registry data, we find the program significantly reduced the duration of foster care without increasin...
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作者：Aneja, Abhay; Luca, Michael; Reshef, Oren
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Johns Hopkins University; Washington University (WUSTL)
摘要：Is there latent demand to support Black-owned businesses? We explore this question by analyzing a new feature that made it easier to identify Black-owned restaurants on an online platform. We find that labeling restaurants as minority-owned increased customer engagement and firm performance, as measured by online traffic, calls, orders, and in-person visits. These effects were more pronounced in areas characterized by greater support for the Democratic Party and lower implicit bias against rac...
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作者：Dube, Arindrajit; Manning, Alan; Naidu, Suresh
作者单位：University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst; National Bureau of Economic Research; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Columbia University
摘要：We show that administrative hourly wage data exhibit considerable bunching at round numbers. We run two experiments randomizing wages around $0.10 and $1.00 to experimentally measure left-digit bias for identical tasks on Amazon Mechanical Turk; we fail to find any evidence of discontinuity in the labor supply function at round numbers despite estimating a considerable degree of monopsony. We replicate these results in administrative worker-firm hourly wage data from Oregon. We can rule out in...
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作者：Gruber, Jonathan; Howard, David h.; Leder-luis, Jetson; Caputi, Theodore l.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research; Emory University; Boston University
摘要：The Medicare hospice program is intended to provide palliative care to terminal patients, but patients with long stays in hospice are highly profitable, motivating concerns about overuse among the Alzheimer's and Dementia ( ADRD ) population in the rapidly growing for-profit sector. We provide the first causal estimates of the effect of for-profit hospice on patient spending using the entry of for-profit hospices over 20 years. We find hospice has saved money for Medicare by offsetting other e...
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作者：Athey, Susan
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：This paper provides an economic perspective on data-driven innovation in digital products, focusing on the role of complex experiments in measuring and improving social impact. The discussion highlights how tools and insights from economics contribute to each stage of the innovation process. Key contributions include identifying problems, developing theoretical frameworks, translating goals into measurable outcomes, analyzing historical data, and estimating counterfactual outcomes. The paper a...
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作者：Rexer, Jonah M.
作者单位：The World Bank
摘要：Multinationals in the extractive sectors of weak states face resource theft by armed groups. Criminality is often abetted by state corruption, even though firms are willing to pay for protection. I study indigenization in Nigeria's oil sector, which increased local firms' participation substantially. Despite lower quality, local firms increase output by reducing oil theft. A bargaining model illustrates that political connections align law enforcement incentives, solving commitment problems. D...
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作者：Shapiro, Joseph s.; Walker, Reed
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We develop a framework to estimate the marginal cost of air pollution regulation and apply it to assess policy efficiency. We exploit a provision of the Clean Air Act that requires new plants to pay incumbent facilities to reduce emissions. This offset policy creates hundreds of local pollution markets, differing by pollutant and location. Theory and transaction data suggest that offset prices reveal marginal abatement costs. We compare these prices to marginal benefits of pollution reduction ...
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作者：Lerche, Adrian
作者单位：IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：This paper estimates the direct effects and indirect spillover effects of investment tax credits on firms. Exploiting a differential tax credit rate change by firm size in the German manufacturing sector, I find that lowering a firm's investment cost by 7.6 percent increases its capital stock by 17.7 percent and employment by 12.0 percent. Positive local spillovers generate one additional manufacturing job for each directly created job, are strongest between firms in industries connected throu...
