The American Economic Review

最新文章

• Present Bias and Collective Dynamic Choice in the Lab AI翻译
  作者：Jackson, Matthew O.; Yariv, Leeat
  作者单位：Stanford University; The Santa Fe Institute; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR); California Institute of Technology
  摘要：We study collective decisions by time-discounting individuals choosing a common consumption stream. We show that with any heterogeneity in time preferences, utilitarian aggregation necessitates a present bias. In lab experiments three quarters of social planners exhibited present biases, and less than two percent were time consistent. Roughly a third of subjects acted as if they were pure utilitarians, and the rest chose as if they also had varying degrees of distributional concerns.
• The Network Structure of International Trade AI翻译
  作者：Chaney, Thomas
  作者单位：Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics
  摘要：Motivated by empirical evidence I uncover on the dynamics of French firms' exports, I offer a novel theory of trade frictions. Firms export only into markets where they have a contact. They search directly for new trading partners, but also use their existing network of contacts to search remotely for new partners. I characterize the dynamic formation of an international network of exporters in this model. Structurally, I estimate this model on French data and confirm its predictions regarding...
• A Balls-and-Bins Model of Trade AI翻译
  作者：Armenter, Roc; Koren, Miklos
  作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Philadelphia; Central European University; HUN-REN; HUN-REN Centre for Economic & Regional Studies; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR)
  摘要：Many of the facts about the extensive margin of trade-which firms export, and how many products are sent to how many destinations-are consistent with a surprisingly large class of trade models because of the sparse nature of trade data. We propose a statistical model to account for sparsity, formalizing the assignment of trade shipments to country, product, and firm categories as balls falling into bins. The balls-and-bins model quantitatively reproduces the pattern of zero product-and firm-le...
• The Accelerated Benefits Demonstration: Impacts on the Employment of Disability Insurance Beneficiaries AI翻译
  作者：Bailey, Michelle Stegman; Weathers, Robert R., II
• The Economics of Online Postsecondary Education: MOOCs, Nonselective Education, and Highly Selective Education AI翻译
  作者：Hoxby, Caroline M.
  作者单位：Stanford University
  摘要：I describe the two extremes of traditional American postsecondary education (PE): nonselective (NSPE) and highly selective (HSPE). I explain the logic of each and why each is economically sustainable. This focus on the extremes is without much loss of generality because other PE is, essentially, a weighted average of the two. To keep the economics clear, I focus on undergraduate education. 1 Having explained the economics of the two extreme models, I assess how each could incorporate online PE...
• Rational Attention and Adaptive Coding: A Puzzle and a Solution AI翻译
  作者：Padoa-Schioppa, Camillo; Rustichini, Aldo
  作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
• Spatial Development AI翻译
  作者：Desmet, Klaus; Rossi-Hansberg, Esteban
  作者单位：Universidad Carlos III de Madrid; Princeton University
  摘要：We present a theory of spatial development. Manufacturing and services firms located in a continuous geographic area choose each period how much to innovate. Firms trade subject to transport costs and technology diffuses spatially. We apply the model to study the evolution of the US economy in the last half-century and find that it can generate the reduction in the manufacturing employment share, the increased spatial concentration of services, the growth in service productivity starting in th...
• Violence and Risk Preference: Experimental Evidence from Afghanistan AI翻译
  作者：Callen, Michael; Isaqzadeh, Mohammad; Long, James D.; Sprenger, Charles
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; Stanford University
  摘要：We investigate the relationship between violence and economic risk preferences in Afghanistan combining: (i) a two-part experimental procedure identifying risk preferences, violations of Expected Utility, and specific preferences for certainty; (ii) controlled recollection of fear based on established methods from psychology; and (iii) administrative violence data from precisely geocoded military records. We document a specific preference for certainty in violation of Expected Utility. The pre...
• Sales Taxes and Internet Commerce AI翻译
  作者：Einav, Liran; Knoepfle, Dan; Levin, Jonathan; Sundaresan, Neel
  作者单位：Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; eBay Inc.
  摘要：We estimate the sensitivity of Internet retail purchasing to sales taxes using eBay data. Our first approach exploits the fact that a seller's location-and therefore the applicable tax rate-is revealed only after a buyer has expressed interest in an item. We document how adverse tax surprises reduce the likelihood of purchase and shift subsequent purchases toward out-of-state sellers. We then use more aggregated data to estimate that every one percentage point increase in a state's sales tax i...
• The Size Distribution of Farms and International Productivity Differences AI翻译
  作者：Adamopoulos, Tasso; Restuccia, Diego
  作者单位：York University - Canada; University of Toronto
  摘要：We study the determinants of differences in farm size across countries and their impact on agricultural and aggregate productivity using a quantitative sectoral model featuring a distribution of farms. Measured aggregate factors (capital, land, economy-wide productivity) account for one-quarter of the observed differences in farm size and productivity. Policies and institutions that misallocate resources across farms have the potential to account for the remaining differences. Exploiting withi...