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作者：Li, Albert W.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Irvine
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作者：Prather, Michael J.; Zhu, Lei
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Irvine; State University of New York (SUNY) System; Wadsworth Center; State University of New York (SUNY) System; University at Albany, SUNY
摘要：The decay of methyl chloroform, a banned ozone-depleting substance, has provided a clear observational metric of mean tropospheric hydroxyl radical (OH) abundance. Almost all current global chemistry models calculate about 15% too much OH and thus too rapid methane loss. Methane is a short-lived climate forcer, critical to achieving global warming targets, and this error affects our model projections of climate change. New observations of water vapor absorption in the ultraviolet region (290 t...
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作者：Quaglia, Sofia
摘要：Scientists allege irregularities in papers on how honey bees gauge distance
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作者：Coe, Hugh
作者单位：University of Manchester; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Natural Environment Research Council (NERC); NERC National Centre for Atmospheric Science; University of Manchester
摘要：New atmospheric particles form when the stratosphere intrudes into the troposphere Aerosol particles smaller than 1 mm in diameter are ubiquitous in the troposphere, the lowest part of Earth's atmosphere responsible for weather and a major part of the climate system. They act as condensation sites for water vapor from which cloud droplets grow and hence, are part of the hydrological cycle. Precipitation removes these particles on timescales of a few days to weeks. A major challenge is understa...
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作者：Coupland, Claire E.; Karimi, Ryan; Bueler, Stephanie A.; Liang, Yingke; Courbon, Gautier M.; Di Trani, Justin M.; Wong, Cassandra J.; Saghian, Rayan; Youn, Ji-Young; Wang, Lu-Yang; Rubinstein, John L.
作者单位：University of Toronto; Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids); University of Toronto; University of Toronto; University of Toronto; Sinai Health System Toronto; Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute; University of Toronto; Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids); University of Toronto; University of Toronto; Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids); University of Toronto
摘要：Intercellular communication in the nervous system occurs through the release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft between neurons. In the presynaptic neuron, the proton pumping vesicular- or vacuolar-type ATPase (V-ATPase) powers neurotransmitter loading into synaptic vesicles (SVs), with the V(1 )complex dissociating from the membrane region of the enzyme before exocytosis. We isolated SVs from rat brain using SidK, a V-ATPase-binding bacterial effector protein. Single-particle electr...
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作者：Isidoro-Ayza, Marcos; Klein, Bruce S.
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：Millions of hibernating bats across North America have died from white-nose syndrome (WNS), an emerging disease caused by a psychrophilic (cold-loving) fungus, Pseudogymnoascus destructans, that invades their skin. Mechanisms of P. destructans invasion of bat epidermis remain obscure. Guided by our in vivo observations, we modeled hibernation with a newly generated little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus) keratinocyte cell line. We uncovered the stealth intracellular lifestyle of P. destructans, wh...
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作者：Matzke, Nicholas J.
作者单位：University of Auckland
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作者：Nagashima, Kazuki
作者单位：Stanford University
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作者：Leslie, Mitch
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作者：Shen, Changyu; Liu, Xianhu
作者单位：Zhengzhou University
