Science

最新文章

• Spanish rector accused of inflating citation count Dozens of Springer Nature papers flagged for excessively citing Juan Manuel Corchado AI翻译
  作者：O'Grady, Cathleen
• Observing the evolution of the Sun's global coronal magnetic field over 8 months AI翻译
  作者：Yang, Zihao; Tian, Hui; Tomczyk, Steven; Liu, Xianyu; Gibson, Sarah; Morton, Richard J.; Downs, Cooper
  作者单位：Peking University; National Center Atmospheric Research (NCAR) - USA; Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Space Science Center, CAS; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Northumbria University; Predictive Science Inc.
  摘要：The magnetic field in the Sun's corona stores energy that can be released to heat plasma and drive solar eruptions. Measurements of the global coronal magnetic field have been limited to several snapshots. In this work, we present observations, using the Upgraded Coronal Multi-channel Polarimeter, that provide 114 magnetograms of the global corona above the solar limb spanning similar to 8 months. We determined the magnetic field distribution with altitude in the corona and monitored the evolu...
• The pace of life for forest trees AI翻译
  作者：Bialic-Murphy, Lalasia; McElderry, Robert M.; Esquivel-Muelbert, Adriane; van den Hoogen, Johan; Zuidema, Pieter A.; Phillips, Oliver L.; de Oliveira, Edmar Almeida; Loayza, Patricia Alvarez; Alvarez-Davila, Esteban; Alves, Luciana F.; Maia, Vinicius Andrade; Vieira, Simone Aparecida; Arantes da Silva, Lidiany Carolina; Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro; Arets, Eric; Astigarraga, Julen; Baccaro, Fabricio; Baker, Timothy; Banki, Olaf; Barroso, Jorcely; Blanc, Lilian; Bonal, Damien; Bongers, Frans; Bordin, Kauane Maiara; Brienen, Roel; de Medeiros, Marcelo Brilhante; Camargo, Jose Luis; Araujo, Felipe Carvalho; Castilho, Carolina V.; Castro, Wendeson; Moscoso, Victor Chama; Comiskey, James; Costa, Flavia; Mueller, Sandra Cristina; de Almeida, Everton Cristo; Lola da Costa, Antonio Carlos; de Andrade Kamimura, Vitor; de Oliveira, Fernanda; del Aguila Pasquel, Jhon; Derroire, Geraldine; Dexter, Kyle; Di Fiore, Anthony; Duchesne, Louis; Emilio, Thaise; Farrapo, Camila Lais; Fauset, Sophie; Draper, Frederick C.; Feldpausch, Ted R.; Ramos, Rafael Flora; Martins, Valeria Forni; Simon, Marcelo Fragomeni; Reis, Miguel Gama; Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto; Herault, Bruno; Herrera, Rafael; Coronado, Euridice Honorio; Howe, Robert; Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Isau; Huasco, Walter Huaraca; Zanini, Katia Janaina; Joly, Carlos; Killeen, Timothy; Klipel, Joice; Laurance, Susan G.; Laurance, William F.; Fontes, Marco Aurelio Leite; Oviedo, Wilmar Lopez; Magnusson, William E.; dos Santos, Rubens Manoel; Pena, Jose Luis Marcelo; de Abreu, Karla Maria Pedra; Marimon, Beatriz; Marimon Junior, Ben Hur; Melgaco, Karina; Melo Cruz, Omar Aurelio; Mendoza, Casimiro; Monteagudo-Mendoza, Abel; Morandi, Paulo S.; Gianasi, Fernanda Moreira; Nascimento, Henrique; Nascimento, Marcelo; Neill, David; Palacios, Walter; Camacho, Nadir C. Pallqui; Pardo, Guido; Pennington, R. Toby; Penuela-Mora, Maria Cristina; Pitman, Nigel C. A.; Poorter, Lourens; Cruz, Adriana Prieto; Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma; Reis, Simone Matias; Correa, Zorayda Restrepo; Rodriguez, Carlos Reynel; Lleras, Agustin Rudas; Santos, Flavio A. M.; Bergamin, Rodrigo Scarton; Schietti, Juliana; Schwartz, Gustavo; Serrano, Julio; Silva-Sene, Andre Maciel; Silveira, Marcos; Stropp, Juliana; ter Steege, Hans; Terborgh, John; Tobler, Mathias W.; Gamarra, Luis Valenzuela; van der Meer, Peter J.; van der Heijden, Geertje; Vasquez, Rodolfo; Vilanova, Emilio; Vos, Vincent Antoine; Wolf, Amy; Woodall, Christopher W.; Wortel, Verginia; Zwerts, Joeri A.; Pugh, Thomas A. M.; Crowther, Thomas W.
  作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow & Landscape Research; University of Birmingham; Wageningen University & Research; University of Leeds; Duke University; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; Universidade Federal de Lavras; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Wageningen University & Research; Universidad de Alcala; Universidade Federal de Amazonas; Naturalis Biodiversity Center; Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC); Universite de Montpellier; CIRAD; INRAE; Universite de Lorraine; AgroParisTech; Wageningen University & Research; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria (EMBRAPA); EMBRAPA Genetic Resources & Biotechnology; Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria (EMBRAPA); EMBRAPA Roraima; Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC); Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco; United States Department of the Interior; US National Park Service; Smithsonian Institution; Institute Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia; Universidade Federal do Oeste do Para; Universidade Federal do Para; Instituto Tecnologico Vale Desenvolvimento Sustentavel; Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana; CIRAD; INRAE; AgroParisTech; University of Edinburgh; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; Universidad San Francisco de Quito; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Universidade de Sao Paulo; University of Plymouth; University of Liverpool; University of Exeter; Universidade de Sao Paulo; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos; University of St Andrews; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Green Bay; Universidad Nacional Amazonica De Madre De Dios; University of Oxford; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Universidade de Sao Paulo; Missouri Botanical Gardens; James Cook University; Institute Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia; Universidad Nacional de Jaen; Universidad Nacional de Jaen; Instituto Federal do Espirito Santo (IFES); Universidad del Tolima; Universidad Mayor de San Simon; Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco; Institute Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia; Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense; University of Exeter; Field Museum of Natural History (Chicago); University of Los Andes Venezuela; Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC); Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina; Universidad Nacional de Colombia; University of Birmingham; Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria (EMBRAPA); University of Los Andes Venezuela; Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC); Universitat Trier; Utrecht University; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; University of Nottingham; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Green Bay; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA); United States Forest Service; Utrecht University; Lund University; Universidade Estadual Paulista; Leuphana University Luneburg
  摘要：Tree growth and longevity trade-offs fundamentally shape the terrestrial carbon balance. Yet, we lack a unified understanding of how such trade-offs vary across the world's forests. By mapping life history traits for a wide range of species across the Americas, we reveal considerable variation in life expectancies from 10 centimeters in diameter (ranging from 1.3 to 3195 years) and show that the pace of life for trees can be accurately classified into four demographic functional types. We foun...
• Relocalizing transcriptional kinases to activate apoptosis AI翻译
  作者：Sarott, Roman C.; Gourisankar, Sai; Karim, Basel; Nettles, Sabin; Yang, Haopeng; Dwyer, Brendan G.; Simanauskaite, Juste M.; Tse, Jason; Abuzaid, Hind; Krokhotin, Andrey; Zhang, Tinghu; Hinshaw, Stephen M.; Green, Michael R.; Crabtree, Gerald R.; Gray, Nathanael S.
  作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; University of Texas System; UTMD Anderson Cancer Center; Stanford University
  摘要：Kinases are critical regulators of cellular function that are commonly implicated in the mechanisms underlying disease. Most drugs that target kinases are molecules that inhibit their catalytic activity, but here we used chemically induced proximity to convert kinase inhibitors into activators of therapeutic genes. We synthesized bivalent molecules that link ligands of the transcription factor B cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) to inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). These molecules relocalize...
• Environmental and societal consequences of winter ice loss from lakes AI翻译
  作者：Hampton, Stephanie E.; Powers, Stephen M.; Dugan, Hilary A.; Knoll, Lesley B.; McMeans, Bailey C.; Meyer, Michael F.; O'Reilly, Catherine M.; Ozersky, Ted; Sharma, Sapna; Barrett, David C.; Chandra, Sudeep; Jansen, Joachim; McClure, Ryan P.; Rautio, Milla; Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A.; Yang, Xiao
  作者单位：Carnegie Institution for Science; Baylor University; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University System of Ohio; Miami University; University of Toronto; University Toronto Mississauga; United States Department of the Interior; United States Geological Survey; Illinois State University; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Duluth; Large Lakes Observatory; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; University of Minnesota Hospital; York University - Canada; University of Calgary; Nevada System of Higher Education (NSHE); University of Nevada Reno; Uppsala University; University of Quebec; University of Quebec Chicoutimi; University of Quebec; University of Quebec Chicoutimi; Southern Methodist University
  摘要：Climate change is reducing winter ice cover on lakes; yet, the full societal and environmental consequences of this ice loss are poorly understood. The socioeconomic implications of declining ice include diminished access to ice-based cultural activities, safety concerns in traversing ice, changes in fisheries, increases in shoreline erosion, and declines in water storage. Longer ice-free seasons allow more time and capacity for water to warm, threatening water quality and biodiversity. Food w...
• Evidence of a European seed dispersal crisis AI翻译
  作者：Mendes, Sara Beatriz; Olesen, Jens Mogens; Memmott, Jane; Costa, Jose Miguel; Timoteo, Sergio; Dengucho, Ana Laura; Craveiro, Leonardo; Heleno, Ruben
  作者单位：Universidade de Coimbra; Aarhus University; University of Bristol
  摘要：Seed dispersal is crucial for ecosystem persistence, especially in fragmented landscapes, such as those common in Europe. Ongoing defaunation might compromise effective seed dispersal, but the conservation status of pairwise interactions remains unknown. With a literature review, we reconstructed the first European-wide seed dispersal network and evaluated the conservation status of interactions by assessing each interacting partner's IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) conse...
• Catalytic asymmetric fragmentation of cyclopropanes AI翻译
  作者：Raut, Ravindra Krushnaji; Matsutani, Satoshi; Shi, Fuxing; Kataoka, Shuta; Poje, Margareta; Mitschke, Benjamin; Maeda, Satoshi; Tsuji, Nobuya; List, Benjamin
  作者单位：Hokkaido University; Hokkaido University; Max Planck Society; Hokkaido University; Hokkaido University; National Institute for Materials Science
  摘要：The stereoselective activation of alkanes constitutes a long-standing and grand challenge for chemistry. Although metal-containing enzymes oxidize alkanes with remarkable ease and selectivity, chemical approaches have largely been limited to transition metal-based catalytic carbon-hydrogen functionalizations. Alkanes can be protonated to form pentacoordinated carbonium ions and fragmented into smaller hydrocarbons in the presence of strong Br & oslash;nsted acids. However, catalytic stereocont...
• Unwrapping stemness to revive T cells AI翻译
  作者：Tsui, Carlson; Kallies, Axel
  作者单位：University of Melbourne; Peter Doherty Institute
• Catalytic prenyl conjugate additions for synthesis of enantiomerically enriched PPAPs AI翻译
  作者：Ng, Shawn; Howshall, Casey; Ho, Thanh Nhat; Mai, Binh Khanh; Zhou, Yuebiao; Qin, Can; Tee, Kai Ze; Liu, Peng; Romiti, Filippo; Hoveyda, Amir H.
  作者单位：Boston College; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; Universites de Strasbourg Etablissements Associes; Universite de Strasbourg; University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas
  摘要：Polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols (PPAPs) are a class of >400 natural products with a broad spectrum of bioactivity, ranging from antidepressant and antimicrobial to anti-obesity and anticancer activity. Here, we present a scalable, regio-, site-, and enantioselective catalytic method for synthesis of cyclic beta-prenyl ketones, compounds that can be used for efficient syntheses of many PPAPs in high enantiomeric purity. The transformation is prenyl conjugate addition to cyclic bet...
• Predicting pathogen mutual invasibility and co-circulation AI翻译
  作者：Park, Sang Woo; Cobey, Sarah; Metcalf, C. Jessica E.; Levine, Jonathan M.; Grenfell, Bryan T.
  作者单位：Princeton University; University of Chicago
  摘要：Observations of pathogen community structure provide evidence for both the coexistence and replacement of related strains. Despite many studies of specific host-pathogen systems, a unifying framework for predicting the outcomes of interactions among pathogens has remained elusive. We address this gap by developing a pathogen invasion theory (PIT) based on modern ecological coexistence theory and testing the resulting framework against empirical systems. Across major human pathogens, PIT predic...