Science

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• Most meteorites traced to three space crackups AI翻译
  作者：Voosen, Paul
• Nitrate contamination in Nebraska's Ogallala aquifer AI翻译
  作者：Ray, Chittaranjan; Malakar, Arindam
  作者单位：University of Nebraska System; University of Nebraska Lincoln; University of Nebraska System; University of Nebraska Lincoln; University of Nebraska System; University of Nebraska Lincoln
• Description and functional validation of human enteroendocrine cell sensors AI翻译
  作者：Beumer, Joep; Geurts, Maarten H.; Geurts, Veerle; Andersson-Rolf, Amanda; Akkerman, Ninouk; Vollmy, Franziska; Krueger, Daniel; Busslinger, Georg A.; Martinez-Silgado, Adriana; Boot, Charelle; Yengej, Fjodor A. Yousef; Puschhof, Jens; van de Wetering, Wiline J.; Knoops, Kevin; Lopez-Iglesias, Carmen; Peters, Peter J.; Vivie, Judith A.; Mooijman, Dylan; van Es, Johan H.; Clevers, Hans
  作者单位：Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts & Sciences; Hubrecht Institute (KNAW); Utrecht University; Utrecht University Medical Center; Roche Holding; Roche Holding; Utrecht University; Utrecht University Medical Center; Maastricht University; Princess Maxima Center; Medical University of Vienna; Austrian Academy of Sciences; CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences; Helmholtz Association; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Roche Holding
  摘要：Enteroendocrine cells (EECs) are gut epithelial cells that respond to intestinal contents by secreting hormones, including the incretins glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory protein (GIP), which regulate multiple physiological processes. Hormone release is controlled through metabolite-sensing proteins. Low expression, interspecies differences, and the existence of multiple EEC subtypes have posed challenges to the study of these sensors. We describe differentiation of stomac...
• Clues emerge about an obscure virus' sudden spread AI翻译
  作者：Quaglia, Sofia
• Same but different AI翻译
  作者：Thorp, H. Holden
• In vivo dendritic cell reprogramming for cancer immunotherapy AI翻译
  作者：Ascic, Ervin; Akerstrom, Fritiof; Sreekumar Nair, Malavika; Rosa, Andre; Kurochkin, Ilia; Zimmermannova, Olga; Catena, Xavier; Rotankova, Nadezhda; Veser, Charlotte; Rudnik, Michal; Ballocci, Tommaso; Schaerer, Tiffany; Huang, Xiaoli; de Rosa Torres, Maria; Renaud, Emilie; Velasco Santiago, Marta; Met, Ozcan; Askmyr, David; Lindstedt, Malin; Greiff, Lennart; Ligeon, Laure-Anne; Agarkova, Irina; Svane, Inge Marie; Pires, Cristiana F.; Rosa, Fabio F.; Pereira, Carlos-Filipe
  作者单位：Lund University; Lund University; InSphero AG; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen University Hospital; Technical University of Denmark; Lund University; Skane University Hospital; Lund University; Lund University; Universidade de Coimbra
  摘要：Immunotherapy can lead to long-term survival for some cancer patients, yet generalized success has been hampered by insufficient antigen presentation and exclusion of immunogenic cells from the tumor microenvironment. Here, we developed an approach to reprogram tumor cells in vivo by adenoviral delivery of the transcription factors PU.1, IRF8, and BATF3, which enabled them to present antigens as type 1 conventional dendritic cells. Reprogrammed tumor cells remodeled their tumor microenvironmen...
• The development and impact of tin selenide on thermoelectrics AI翻译
  作者：Qin, Bingchao; Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.; Zhao, Li-Dong
  作者单位：Tianmushan Lab; Beihang University; Northwestern University
  摘要：Thermoelectric technology experienced rapid development over the past 20 years, with the most promising applications being in both power generation and active cooling. Among existing thermoelectrics, tin selenide (SnSe) has had particularly rapid development owing to the unexpectedly high thermoelectric efficiency that has been continuously established over the past decade. Several transport mechanisms and strategies used to interpret and improve the thermoelectric performance of SnSe have bee...
• Megastudy testing 25 treatments to reduce antidemocratic attitudes and partisan animosity AI翻译
  作者：Voelkel, Jan G.; Stagnaro, Michael N.; Chu, James Y.; Pink, Sophia L.; Mernyk, Joseph S.; Redekopp, Chrystal; Ghezae, Isaias; Cashman, Matthew; Adjodah, Dhaval; Allen, Levi G.; Allis, L. Victor; Baleria, Gina; Ballantyne, Nathan; Van Bavel, Jay J.; Blunden, Hayley; Braley, Alia; Bryan, Christopher J.; Celniker, Jared B.; Cikara, Mina; Clapper, Margarett V.; Clayton, Katherine; Collins, Hanne; Defilippis, Evan; Dieffenbach, Macrina; Doell, Kimberly C.; Dorison, Charles; Duong, Mylien; Felsman, Peter; Fiorella, Maya; Francis, David; Franz, Michael; Gallardo, Roman A.; Gifford, Sara; Goya-Tocchetto, Daniela; Gray, Kurt; Green, Joe; Greene, Joshua; Guengoer, Mertcan; Hall, Matthew; Hecht, Cameron A.; Javeed, Ali; Jost, John T.; Kay, Aaron C.; Kay, Nick R.; Keating, Brandyn; Kelly, John Michael; Kirk, James R. G.; Kopell, Malka; Kteily, Nour; Kubin, Emily; Lees, Jeffrey; Lenz, Gabriel; Levendusky, Matthew; Littman, Rebecca; Luo, Kara; Lyles, Aaron; Lyons, Ben; Marsh, Wayde; Martherus, James; Maurer, Lauren Alpert; Mehl, Caroline; Minson, Julia; Moore, Molly; Moore-Berg, Samantha L.; Pasek, Michael H.; Pentland, Alex; Puryear, Curtis; Rahnama, Hossein; Rathje, Steve; Rosato, Jay; Saar-Tsechansky, Maytal; Almeida Santos, Luiza; Seifert, Colleen M.; Shariff, Azim; Simonsson, Otto; Spitz Siddiqi, Shiri; Stone, Daniel F.; Strand, Palma; Tomz, Michael; Yeager, David S.; Yoeli, Erez; Zaki, Jamil; Druckman, James N.; Rand, David G.; Willer, Robb
  作者单位：Cornell University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Columbia University; University of Pennsylvania; Stanford University; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Indiana State University; California State University System; Sonoma State University; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; New York University; Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); American University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; Stanford University; Harvard University; University of Konstanz; Georgetown University; Oakland University; Bowdoin College; Bowdoin College; University of Chicago; Duke University; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina School of Medicine; University of British Columbia; University of California System; University of California Irvine; University of Notre Dame; University of Rochester; Northwestern University; University of Groningen; University of Pennsylvania; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; Harvard University; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Knoxville; Harvard University; Washington University (WUSTL); Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; Stanford University; Toronto Metropolitan University; Stanford University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of British Columbia; Karolinska Institutet; Bowdoin College; Creighton University; Marquette University; Stanford University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Rochester
  摘要：Scholars warn that partisan divisions in the mass public threaten the health of American democracy. We conducted a megastudy (n = 32,059 participants) testing 25 treatments designed by academics and practitioners to reduce Americans' partisan animosity and antidemocratic attitudes. We find that many treatments reduced partisan animosity, most strongly by highlighting relatable sympathetic individuals with different political beliefs or by emphasizing common identities shared by rival partisans...
• Variational benchmarks for quantum many-body problems AI翻译
  作者：Wu, Dian; Rossi, Riccardo; Vicentini, Filippo; Astrakhantsev, Nikita; Becca, Federico; Cao, Xiaodong; Carrasquilla, Juan; Ferrari, Francesco; Georges, Antoine; Hibat-Allah, Mohamed; Imada, Masatoshi; Lauchli, Andreas M.; Mazzola, Guglielmo; Mezzacapo, Antonio; Millis, Andrew; Moreno, Javier Robledo; Neupert, Titus; Nomura, Yusuke; Nys, Jannes; Parcollet, Olivier; Pohle, Rico; Romero, Imelda; Schmid, Michael; Silvester, J. Maxwell; Sorella, Sandro; Tocchio, Luca F.; Wang, Lei; White, Steven R.; Wietek, Alexander; Yang, Qi; Yang, Yiqi; Zhang, Shiwei; Carleo, Giuseppe
  作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; Sorbonne Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Ecole Polytechnique; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite PSL; College de France; University of Zurich; University of Trieste; Simons Foundation; Flatiron Institute; Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence; University of Toronto; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Goethe University Frankfurt; University of Geneva; Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics; University of Waterloo; University of Waterloo; Waseda University; Sophia University; University of Tokyo; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Paul Scherrer Institute; University of Zurich; International Business Machines (IBM); IBM USA; Columbia University; New York University; Keio University; Tohoku University; Universite Paris Saclay; CEA; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); University of California System; University of California Irvine; International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA); Polytechnic University of Turin; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR); Istituto di Chimica della Materia Condensata e di Tecnologie per l Energia (ICMATE-CNR); Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Physics, CAS; Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory; Max Planck Society; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; William & Mary
  摘要：The continued development of computational approaches to many-body ground-state problems in physics and chemistry calls for a consistent way to assess its overall progress. In this work, we introduce a metric of variational accuracy, the V-score, obtained from the variational energy and its variance. We provide an extensive curated dataset of variational calculations of many-body quantum systems, identifying cases where state-of-the-art numerical approaches show limited accuracy and future alg...
• Global rise in forest fire emissions linked to climate change in the extratropics AI翻译
  作者：Jones, Matthew W.; Veraverbeke, Sander; Andela, Niels; Doerr, Stefan H.; Kolden, Crystal; Mataveli, Guilherme; Pettinari, M. Lucrecia; Le Quere, Corinne; Rosan, Thais M.; van der Werf, Guido R.; van Wees, Dave; Abatzoglou, John T.
  作者单位：University of East Anglia; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Swansea University; University of California System; University of California Merced; Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE); Universidad de Alcala; University of Exeter; Wageningen University & Research
  摘要：Climate change increases fire-favorable weather in forests, but fire trends are also affected by multiple other controlling factors that are difficult to untangle. We use machine learning to systematically group forest ecoregions into 12 global forest pyromes, with each showing distinct sensitivities to climatic, human, and vegetation controls. This delineation revealed that rapidly increasing forest fire emissions in extratropical pyromes, linked to climate change, offset declining emissions ...