Megastudy testing 25 treatments to reduce antidemocratic attitudes and partisan animosity

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Voelkel, Jan G.; Stagnaro, Michael N.; Chu, James Y.; Pink, Sophia L.; Mernyk, Joseph S.; Redekopp, Chrystal; Ghezae, Isaias; Cashman, Matthew; Adjodah, Dhaval; Allen, Levi G.; Allis, L. Victor; Baleria, Gina; Ballantyne, Nathan; Van Bavel, Jay J.; Blunden, Hayley; Braley, Alia; Bryan, Christopher J.; Celniker, Jared B.; Cikara, Mina; Clapper, Margarett V.; Clayton, Katherine; Collins, Hanne; Defilippis, Evan; Dieffenbach, Macrina; Doell, Kimberly C.; Dorison, Charles; Duong, Mylien; Felsman, Peter; Fiorella, Maya; Francis, David; Franz, Michael; Gallardo, Roman A.; Gifford, Sara; Goya-Tocchetto, Daniela; Gray, Kurt; Green, Joe; Greene, Joshua; Guengoer, Mertcan; Hall, Matthew; Hecht, Cameron A.; Javeed, Ali; Jost, John T.; Kay, Aaron C.; Kay, Nick R.; Keating, Brandyn; Kelly, John Michael; Kirk, James R. G.; Kopell, Malka; Kteily, Nour; Kubin, Emily; Lees, Jeffrey; Lenz, Gabriel; Levendusky, Matthew; Littman, Rebecca; Luo, Kara; Lyles, Aaron; Lyons, Ben; Marsh, Wayde; Martherus, James; Maurer, Lauren Alpert; Mehl, Caroline; Minson, Julia; Moore, Molly; Moore-Berg, Samantha L.; Pasek, Michael H.; Pentland, Alex; Puryear, Curtis; Rahnama, Hossein; Rathje, Steve; Rosato, Jay; Saar-Tsechansky, Maytal; Almeida Santos, Luiza; Seifert, Colleen M.; Shariff, Azim; Simonsson, Otto; Spitz Siddiqi, Shiri; Stone, Daniel F.; Strand, Palma; Tomz, Michael; Yeager, David S.; Yoeli, Erez; Zaki, Jamil; Druckman, James N.; Rand, David G.; Willer, Robb
• 署名单位: Cornell University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Columbia University; University of Pennsylvania; Stanford University; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Indiana State University; California State University System; Sonoma State University; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; New York University; Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); American University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; Stanford University; Harvard University; University of Konstanz; Georgetown University; Oakland University; Bowdoin College; Bowdoin College; University of Chicago; Duke University; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina School of Medicine; University of British Columbia; University of California System; University of California Irvine; University of Notre Dame; University of Rochester; Northwestern University; University of Groningen; University of Pennsylvania; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; Harvard University; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Knoxville; Harvard University; Washington University (WUSTL); Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; Stanford University; Toronto Metropolitan University; Stanford University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of British Columbia; Karolinska Institutet; Bowdoin College; Creighton University; Marquette University; Stanford University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Rochester
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-12624
• DOI: 10.1126/science.adh4764
• 发表日期: 2024-10-18
• 关键词: public-opinion; polarization; CONSEQUENCES; DEMOCRACY

摘要

Scholars warn that partisan divisions in the mass public threaten the health of American democracy. We conducted a megastudy (n = 32,059 participants) testing 25 treatments designed by academics and practitioners to reduce Americans' partisan animosity and antidemocratic attitudes. We find that many treatments reduced partisan animosity, most strongly by highlighting relatable sympathetic individuals with different political beliefs or by emphasizing common identities shared by rival partisans. We also identify several treatments that reduced support for undemocratic practices-most strongly by correcting misperceptions of rival partisans' views or highlighting the threat of democratic collapse-which shows that antidemocratic attitudes are not intractable. Taken together, the study's findings identify promising general strategies for reducing partisan division and improving democratic attitudes, shedding theoretical light on challenges facing American democracy.