Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

最新文章

• The human somatosensory cortex contributes to the encoding of newly learned movements AI翻译
  作者：Ebrahimi, Shahryar; Ostry, David J.
  作者单位：McGill University; Yale University
  摘要：Recent studies have indicated somatosensory cortex involvement in motor learning and retention. However, the nature of its contribution is unknown. One possibility is that the somatosensory cortex is transiently engaged during movement. Alternatively, there may be durable learning- related changes which would indicate sensory participation in the encoding of learned movements. These possibilities are dissociated by disrupting the somatosensory cortex following learning, thus targeting learning...
• Detecting unitary synaptic events with machine learning AI翻译
  作者：Wang, Nien- Shao; Marino, Marc; Malinow, Roberto
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego
  摘要：Spontaneously occurring miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) are fundamental electrophysiological events produced by quantal vesicular transmitter release at synapses. Their analysis can provide important information regarding pre- and post-synaptic function. However, the small signal relative to recording noise requires expertise and considerable time for their identification. Furthermore, many mEPSCs smaller than similar to 8 pA are not well resolved (e.g., those produced at d...
• Sustainable lithium extraction enabled by responsive metal- organic frameworks with ion- sieving adsorption effects AI翻译
  作者：Wu, Xu; Zhang, Huacheng; Zhang, Xinyu; Guan, Qian; Tang, Xiaocong; Wu, Hao; Feng, Mingbao; Wang, Huanting; Ou, Ranwen
  作者单位：Xiamen University; Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT); Tsinghua University; Monash University
  摘要：Metal- organic frameworks (MOFs) are superior ion adsorbents for selectively capturing toxic ions from water. Nevertheless, they have rarely been reported to have lithium selectivity over divalent cations due to the well - known flexibility of MOF framework and the similar physiochemical properties of Li+ and Mg2+. Herein, we report an ion- sieving adsorption approach to design sunlight- regenerable lithium adsorbents by subnanoporous MOFs for efficient lithium extraction. By integrating the i...
• Intratumor injected gold molecular clusters for NIR- II imaging and cancer therapy AI翻译
  作者：Baghdasaryan, Ani; Liu, Haoran; Ren, Fuqiang; Hsu, Rusiou; Jiang, Yingying; Wang, Feifei; Zhang, Mengzhen; Grigoryan, Lilit; Dai, Hongjie
  作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University
  摘要：Surgical resections of solid tumors guided by visual inspection of tumor margins have been performed for over a century to treat cancer. Near- infrared (NIR) fluorescence labeling/imaging of tumor in the NIR-I (800 to 900 nm) range with systemically administrated fluorophore/tumor- targeting antibody conjugates have been introduced to improve tumor margin delineation, tumor removal accuracy, and patient survival. Here, we show Au25 molecular clusters functionalized with phosphorylcholine ligan...
• Within- country counterfactual reveals importance of retirement age mortality in addition to established concern about working ages Reply AI翻译
  作者：Abrams, Leah R.; Myrskylae, Mikko; Mehta, Neil K.
  作者单位：Tufts University; Max Planck Society; University of Helsinki; University of Texas System; University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston
• Superradiant Thomson scattering from graphite in the extreme ultraviolet AI翻译
  作者：Fasolato, Claudia; Stellino, Elena; Principi, Emiliano; Mincigrucci, Riccardo; Pelli-Cresi, Jacopo Stefano; Foglia, Laura; Postorino, Paolo; Sacchetti, Francesco; Petrillo, Caterina
  作者单位：University of Perugia; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR); Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi (ISC-CNR); Sapienza University Rome; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR); Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM-CNR)
  摘要：We study the Thomson scattering from highly oriented pyrolitic graphite excited by the extreme ultraviolet, coherent pulses of FERMI free electron laser (FEL). An apparent nonlinear behavior is observed and fully described in terms of the coherent nature of both exciting FEL beam and scattered radiation, producing an intensity-dependent enhancement of the Thomson scattering cross-section. The process resembles Dicke's superradiant phenomenon and is thus interpreted as the observation of superr...
• Spatial synchrony cascades across ecosystem boundaries and up food webs via resource subsidies AI翻译
  作者：Walter, Jonathan A.; Emery, Kyle A.; Dugan, Jenifer E.; Hubbard, David M.; Bell, Tom W.; Sheppard, Lawrence W.; Karatayev, Vadim A.; Cavanaugh, Kyle C.; Reuman, Daniel C.; Castorani, Max C. N.
  作者单位：University of Virginia; University of California System; University of California Davis; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution; Marine Biological Association United Kingdom; University of Kansas; University of Kansas
  摘要：Cross-ecosystem subsidies are critical to ecosystem structure and function, especially in recipient ecosystems where they are the primary source of organic matter to the food web. Subsidies are indicative of processes connecting ecosystems and can couple ecological dynamics across system boundaries. However, the degree to which such flows can induce cross-ecosystem cascades of spatial synchrony, the tendency for system fluctuations to be correlated across locations, is not well understood. Syn...
• Thermal suppression of charge disproportionation accelerates interface electron transfer of water electrolysis AI翻译
  作者：Lu, Mengfei; Du, Yu; Yan, Shicheng; Yu, Tao; Zou, Zhigang
  作者单位：Nanjing University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures (CICAM); Nanjing University; Nanjing University
  摘要：The sluggish electron transfer kinetics in electrode polarization driven oxygen evolution reaction (OER) result in big energy barriers of water electrolysis. Accelerating the electron transfer at the electrolyte/catalytic layer/catalyst bulk interfaces is an efficient way to improve electricityto- hydrogenefficiency. Herein, the electron transfer at the Sr3Fe2O7@ SrFeOOH bulk/catalytic layer interface is accelerated by heating to eliminate charge disproportionation from Fe4+ to Fe3+ and Fe5+ i...
• Nonlinear bias toward complex contagion in uncertain transmission settings AI翻译
  作者：St-Onge, Guillaume; Hebert-Dufresne, Laurent; Allard, Antoine
  作者单位：Northeastern University; University of Vermont; University of Vermont; Laval University; Laval University
  摘要：Current epidemics in the biological and social domains are challenging the standard assumptions of mathematical contagion models. Chief among them are the complex patterns of transmission caused by heterogeneous group sizes and infection risk varying by orders of magnitude in different settings, like indoor versus outdoor gatherings in the COVID-19 pandemic or different moderation practices in social media communities. However, quantifying these heterogeneous levels of risk is difficult, and m...
• Reply to Zhang et al.: Parallel vector memories are required to explain all behavioral data in navigating bumblebees AI翻译
  作者：Patel, Rickesh N.; Roberts, Natalie S.; Kempenaers, Julian; Zadel, Ana; Heinze, Stanley
  作者单位：Lund University; Lund University