Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

最新文章

• Short macrocyclic peptides in sponge genomes AI翻译
  作者：Lin, Zhenjian; Agarwal, Vinayak; Cong, Ying; Pomponi, Shirley A.; Schmidt, Eric W.
  作者单位：Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology; Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute Foundation; State University System of Florida; Florida Atlantic University
  摘要：Sponges (Porifera) contain many peptide- specialized metabolites with potent biological activities and significant roles in shaping marine ecology. It is well established that symbiotic bacteria produce bioactive sponge peptides, both on the ribosome (RiPPs) and nonribosomally. Here, we demonstrate that sponges themselves also produce many bioactive macrocyclic peptides, such as phakellistatins and related proline-rich macrocyclic peptides (PRMPs). Using the Stylissa carteri sponge transcripto...
• Probing active nematics with in situ microfabricated elastic inclusions AI翻译
  作者：Velez-Ceron, Ignasi; Guillamat, Pau; Sagues, Francesc; Ignes-Mullol, Jordi
  作者单位：University of Barcelona; University of Barcelona; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Institute of Science & Technology; Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya
  摘要：In this work, we report a direct measurement of the forces exerted by a tubulin/kinesin active nematic gel as well as its complete rheological characterization, including the quantification of its shear viscosity, lb and its activity parameter, a. For this, we develop a method that allows us to rapidly photo -polymerize compliant elastic inclusions in the continuously remodeling active system. Moreover, we quantitatively settle longstanding theoretical predictions, such as a postulated relatio...
• Ultrafast universal fabrication of configurable porous silicone- based elastomers by Joule heating chemistry AI翻译
  作者：Xu, Feng; Zhang, Hongjian; Liu, Haodong; Han, Wenqi; Nie, Zhentao; Lu, Yufei; Wang, Haoyang; Zhu, Jixin
  作者单位：Northwestern Polytechnical University; Henan University; Henan University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS
  摘要：Silicone- based elastomers (SEs) have been extensively applied in numerous cutting- edge areas, including flexible electronics, biomedicine, 5G smart devices, mechanics, optics, soft robotics, etc. However, traditional strategies for the synthesis of polymer elastomers, such as bulk polymerization, suspension polymerization, solution polymerization, and emulsion polymerization, are inevitably restricted by long- time usage, organic solvent additives, high energy consumption, and environmental ...
• Real- time imaging of standing- wave patterns in microresonators AI翻译
  作者：Yan, Haochen; Ghosh, Alekhya; Pal, Arghadeep; Zhang, Hao; Bi, Toby; Ghalanos, George; Zhang, Shuangyou; Hill, Lewis; Zhang, Yaojing; Zhuang, Yongyong; Xavier, Jolly; Del'Haye, Pascal
  作者单位：Max Planck Society; University of Erlangen Nuremberg; University of Strathclyde; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Indian Institute of Technology System (IIT System); Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) - Delhi
  摘要：Real - time characterization of microresonator dynamics is important for many applications. In particular, it is critical for near - field sensing and understanding light-matter interactions. Here, we report camera- facilitated imaging and analysis of standing wave patterns in optical ring resonators. The standing wave pattern is generated through bidirectional pumping of a microresonator, and the scattered light from the microresonator is collected by a short - wave infrared (SWIR) camera. Th...
• Claudin-2 upregulation enhances intestinal permeability, immune activation, dysbiosis, and mortality in sepsis AI翻译
  作者：Oami, Takehiko; Abtahi, Shabnam; Shimazui, Takashi; Chen, Ching - Wen; Sweat, Yan Y.; Liang, Zhe; Burd, Eileen M.; Farris, Alton B.; Roland, Joe T.; Tsukita, Sachiko; Ford, Mandy L.; Turner, Jerrold R.; Coopersmith, Craig M.
  作者单位：Emory University; Emory University; Chiba University; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Emory University; Vanderbilt University; Teikyo University; Emory University
  摘要：Intestinal epithelial expression of the tight junction protein claudin- 2, which forms paracellular cation and water channels, is precisely regulated during development and in disease. Here, we show that small intestinal epithelial claudin- 2 expression is selectively upregulated in septic patients. Similar changes occurred in septic mice, where claudin- 2 upregulation coincided with increased flux across the paracellular pore pathway. In order to define the significance of these changes, seps...
• Single- cell profiling of African swine fever virus disease in the pig spleen reveals viral and host dynamics AI翻译
  作者：Zhu, Zixiang; Mao, Ruoqing; Liu, Baohong; Liu, Huanan; Shi, Zhengwang; Zhang, Kunpeng; Liu, Huisheng; Zhang, Danyang; Liu, Jia; Zhao, Zhenxiang; Li, Kangli; Yang, Fan; Cao, Weijun; Zhang, Xiangle; Shen, Chaochao; Sun, Dehui; Wang, Liyuan; Tian, Hong; Ru, Yi; Feng, Tao; He, Jijun; Guo, Jianhong; Zhang, Keshan; Tang, Zhonglin; Zhang, Shilei; Ding, Chan; Han, Jun; Zheng, Haixue
  作者单位：Lanzhou University; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Agriculture Genomes Institute at Shenzhen, CAAS; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS; China Agricultural University
  摘要：African swine fever, one of the major viral diseases of swine, poses an imminent threat to the global pig industry. The high - efficient replication of the causative agent African swine fever virus (ASFV) in various organs in pigs greatly contributes to the disease. However, how ASFV manipulates the cell population to drive high - efficient replication of the virus in vivo remains unclear. Here, we found that the spleen reveals the most severe pathological manifestation with the highest viral ...
• The 10,000-year biocultural history of fallow deer and its implications for conservation policy AI翻译
  作者：Baker, Karis H.; Miller, Holly; Doherty, Sean; Gray, Howard W. I.; Daujat, Julie; Cakirlar, Canan; Spassov, Nikolai; Trantalidou, Katerina; Madgwick, Richard; Lamb, Angela L.; Ameen, Carly; Atici, Levent; Baker, Polydora; Beglane, Fiona; Benkert, Helene; Bendrey, Robin; Roman, Annelise Binois -; Carden, Ruth F.; Curci, Antonio; De Cupere, Bea; Detry, Cleia; Gal, Erika; Genies, Chloe; Kunst, Guenther K.; Liddiard, Robert; Nicholson, Rebecca; Perdikaris, Sophia; Peters, Joris; Pigiere, Fabienne; Pluskowski, Aleksander G.; Sadler, Peta; Sicard, Sandra; Strid, Lena; Sudds, Jack; Symmons, Robert; Tardio, Katie; Valenzuela, Alejandro; van Veen, Monique; Vukovic, Sonja; Weinstock, Jaco; Wilkens, Barbara; Wilson, Roger J. A.; Evans, Jane A.; Hoelzel, A. Rus; Sykes, Naomi
  作者单位：Durham University; University of Nottingham; University of Exeter; University of Groningen; Bulgarian Academy of Sciences; Cardiff University; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Natural Environment Research Council (NERC); NERC British Geological Survey; Nevada System of Higher Education (NSHE); University of Nevada Las Vegas; Atlantic Technological University (ATU); University of Edinburgh; University College Dublin; University of Bologna; Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences; Universidade de Lisboa; HUN-REN; HUN-REN Research Centre for the Humanities; University of Vienna; University of Nebraska System; University of Nebraska Lincoln; University of Munich; University of London; Royal Holloway University London; University of Reading; Lund University; Bucknell University; University of Belgrade; University of Southampton
  摘要：Over the last 10,000 y, humans have manipulated fallow deer populations with varying outcomes. Persian fallow deer (Dama mesopotamica) are now endangered. European fallow deer (Dama dama) are globally widespread and are simultaneously considered wild, domestic, endangered, invasive and are even the national animal of Barbuda and Antigua. Despite their close association with people, there is no consensus regarding their natural ranges or the timing and circumstances of their human- mediated tra...
• Structures and organizations of PSI-AcpPCI supercomplexes from red tidal and coral symbiotic photosynthetic dinoflagellates AI翻译
  作者：Li, Xiaoyi; Li, Zhenhua; Wang, Fangfang; Zhao, Songhao; Xu, Caizhe; Mao, Zhiyuan; Duan, Jialin; Feng, Yue; Yang, Yang; Shen, Lili; Wang, Guanglei; Yang, Yanyan; Yu, Long-Jiang; Sang, Min; Han, Guangye; Wang, Xuchu; Kuang, Tingyun; Shen, Jian-Ren; Wang, Wenda
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Botany, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Tsinghua University; Hainan Normal University; Guizhou University; Okayama University
  摘要：Marine photosynthetic dinoflagellates are a group of successful phytoplankton that can form red tides in the ocean and also symbiosis with corals. These features are closely related to the photosynthetic properties of dinoflagellates. We report here three structures of photosystem I (PSI)-chlorophylls (Chls) a/c- peridinin protein complex (PSI- AcpPCI) from two species of dinoflagellates by single- particle cryoelectron microscopy. The crucial PsaA/B subunits of a red tidal dinoflagellate Amph...
• Deciphering the underlying mechanisms of the pharyngeal pumping motions in Caenorhabditis elegans AI翻译
  作者：Sherman, Dana; Harel, David
  作者单位：Weizmann Institute of Science
  摘要：The pharynx of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a neuromuscular organ that exhibits typical pumping motions, which result in the intake of food particles from the environment. In - depth inspection reveals slightly different dynamics at the various pharyngeal areas, rather than synchronous pumping motions of the whole organ, which are important for its effective functioning. While the different pumping dynamics are well characterized, the underlying mechanisms that generate them are not ...
• Hierarchical assembly is more robust than egalitarian assembly in synthetic capsids AI翻译
  作者：Wei, Wei - Shao; Trubiano, Anthony; Sigl, Christian; Paquay, Stefan; Dietz, Hendrik; Hagan, Michael F.; Fraden, Seth
  作者单位：Brandeis University; Brandeis University; Technical University of Munich; Technical University of Munich
  摘要：Self- assembly of complex and functional materials remains a grand challenge in soft material science. Efficient assembly depends on a delicate balance between thermodynamic and kinetic effects, requiring fine- tuning affinities and concentrations of sub units. By contrast, we introduce an assembly paradigm that allows large error- tolerance in the subunit affinity and helps avoid kinetic traps. Our combined experimental and computational approach uses a model system of triangular subunits pro...