Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

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• Loss of the ESX-5 secretion locus in Mycobacterium tuberculosis reshapes the mycomembrane and enhances ESX-1 substrate secretion AI翻译
  作者：Koleske, Benjamin; Rajagopalan, Saranathan; Schill, Courtney; Lun, Shichun; Vilcheze, Catherine; Das, Lahari; Gupta, Manish; Martinez-Martinez, Yazmin B.; Bishai, William R.; Jacobs Jr, William R.
  作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; Montefiore Medical Center; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Yeshiva University
  摘要：The ESX-5 secretion system, uniquely found in slow-growing mycobacteria, is predicted to secrete over 150 proteins across the inner membrane of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb). Although many of these substrates are believed to promote M.tb virulence, most remain poorly characterized. Here, we use a complete locus deletion strain of ESX-5 in M.tb to examine the molecular changes caused by a broad loss in ESX-5 secretory substrates. We confirmed the selective loss of PE/PPE proteins secreted b...
• Pulsed biogenic methane emissions coupled with episodic warming during the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event AI翻译
  作者：Qiu, Ruoyuan; Yu, Zhichao; Mills, Benjamin J. W.; Huang, Renda; Zhang, Wang; Isson, Terry; Wan, Bo; Zhang, Ruizhen; Zhao, Mingyu; Jin, Zhijun
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Geology & Geophysics, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; University of Leeds; Peking University; University of Waikato; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Geology & Geophysics, CAS
  摘要：Reconstructing carbon release fluxes during ancient climatic warming events is important for improving predictions of carbon cycle and climate dynamics under future anthropogenic warming scenarios. We investigate the extent of biogenic methane release and its approximately 183 million years ago. To do this, we developed a global biogeochemical simulations. Based on a high- resolution record of carbon isotope excursions from the Yorkshire section, our results indicate that a release of at least...
• The molecular structure of the master growth regulator in plants emerges into the spotlight AI翻译
  作者：Yoshida, Hideki; Matsuoka, Makoto
  作者单位：Fukushima University
• Mid-Devonian ocean oxygenation enabled the expansion of animals into deeper-water habitats AI翻译
  作者：Bubphamanee, Kunmanee; Kipp, Michael A.; Meixnerova, Jana; Stueken, Eva E.; Ivany, Linda C.; Bartholomew, Alexander J.; Algeo, Thomas J.; Brocks, Jochen J.; Dahl, Tais W.; Kinsley, Jordan; Tissot, Francois L. H.; Buick, Roger
  作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); California Institute of Technology; Duke University; University of St Andrews; Syracuse University; State University of New York (SUNY) System; SUNY New Paltz; University System of Ohio; University of Cincinnati; China University of Geosciences; Chengdu University of Technology; Australian National University; University of Copenhagen
  摘要：The oxygenation history of Earth's surface environments has had a profound influence on the ecology and evolution of metazoan life. It was traditionally thought that the Neoproterozoic Oxygenation Event enabled the origin of animals in marine environments, followed by their persistence in aerobic marine habitats ever since. However, recent studies of redox proxies (e.g., Fe, Mo, Ce, I) have suggested that low dissolved oxygen levels persisted in the deep ocean until the Late Devonian, when the...
• To implement the Belem Declaration, we need a structured and collaborative approach AI翻译
  作者：Lopez- Cubillos, Sofia; Mason, Natalie; Wintle, Brendan; Pacheco, Pablo; Ochoa-Quintero, Jose Manuel; Nascimento, Nathalia; Torres, Bolier; Runting, Rebecca K.
  作者单位：University of Melbourne; University of Melbourne; World Wildlife Fund; Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul; Universidade de Sao Paulo
• Loss of sialic acid side-chain O-acetylation exacerbates colitis AI翻译
  作者：Ji, Yang; Parashar, Shubham; Miyamoto, Yukiko; Srivastava, Saurabh; Lewis, Amanda L.; Varki, Nissi; Varki, Ajit; Eckmann, Lars
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego; Southern University of Science & Technology
  摘要：Sialic acids (Sias) are a diverse family of nine-carbon backbone monosaccharides occupying terminal positions on cell surface and secreted glycans and are abundant at mucosal surfaces. Sias can be modified with O-acetyl esters on the side chain (C7 to C9) hydroxyls. Structural analysis and functional studies of these modifications are challenging due to chemical lability and variable resistance to sialidases. For in-depth analysis of the expression and functions of O-acetyl Sia modifications, ...
• Svalbard's 2024 record summer: An early view of Arctic glacier meltdown? AI翻译
  作者：Schuler, Thomas Vikhamar; Benestad, Rasmus Emil; Isaksen, Ketil; Kierulf, Halfdan Pascal; Kohler, Jack; Moholdt, Geir; Schmidt, Louise Steffensen
  作者单位：University of Oslo; Norwegian Meteorological Institute; Norwegian Polar Institute
  摘要：A record-breaking melt season affected the Arctic glaciers of Svalbard in summer 2024 by a substantial margin. Across the entire archipelago, glacier melting corresponded to an anomaly of up to four SD and exceeded any previous observation. The pan-Svalbard mass loss in summer 2024 amounts to similar to 61.7 +/- 11.1 Gt and corresponds to 1% of the total ice volume on Svalbard and is comparable to that of the Greenland ice sheet (55 +/- 35 Gt), which occupies an area about 50 times larger. Alt...
• A genomic test of sex- biased dispersal in white sharks AI翻译
  作者：Laso-Jadart, Romuald; Corrigan, Shannon L.; Yang, Lei; Lee, Szu- Hsuan; Gay, Elise J.; Fedrigo, Olivier; Lowe, Christopher G.; Skomal, Gregory; Cliff, Geremy; Padilla, Mauricio Hoyos; Huveneers, Charlie; Lyons, Kady; Sato, Keiichi; Glancy, James; Lesturgie, Pierre; Mona, Stefano; Naylor, Gavin J. P.
  作者单位：Universite PSL; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE); Sorbonne Universite; Universite PSL; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE); Rockefeller University; California State University System; California State University Long Beach; University of Massachusetts System; University of Kwazulu Natal; Flinders University South Australia; British Museum of Natural History
  摘要：Mitonuclear discordance has been observed in several shark species. Female philopatry has often been invoked to explain such discordance but has never been explicitly tested. Here, we focus on the white shark, for which female philopatry has been previously proposed, and produced a chromosome-level genome, high-coverage whole-genome autosomal, and uniparental datasets to investigate mitonuclear discordance. We first reconstructed the historical population demography of the species based on aut...
• The E3 ligase HECTD4 regulates COX-2-dependent tumor progression and metastasis AI翻译
  作者：Vuille, Joanna A.; Tanriover, Cem; Antmen, Ezgi; Micalizzi, Douglas S.; Ebright, Richard Y.; Animesh, Sambhavi; Morris, Robert; Hajizadeh, Soroush; Nicholson, Zachary J.; Russell, Hunter C.; Zaniewski, Eric F.; Wittner, Ben S.; Wesley, Ben K.; Kwak, Ji Eun; Grunewald, Julian; Szalay, Regan N.; Fox, Douglas B.; Yang, Min; Joung, J. Keith; Gulhan, Doga C.; Elia, Andrew E. H.; Haas, Wilhelm; Oh, Eugene; Maheswaran, Shyamala; Haber, Daniel A.
  作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; University of Lausanne; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV); Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School
  摘要：E3 ubiquitin ligases mediating turnover of proteins engaged in cancer progression point to key regulatory nodes. To uncover modifiers of metastatic competency, we conducted an in vivo genome-wide CRISPR-inactivation screen using cultured breast circulating tumor cells, following intravascular seeding and lung colonization. We identified HECTD4, a previously uncharacterized gene encoding a conserved potential homologous to E6AP C-terminus domain-containing ubiquitin transferase, as a potent tum...
• Dipole-induced transition in 3 dimensions AI翻译
  作者：Procaccia, Itamar; Samanta, Tuhin
  作者单位：North University of China; Weizmann Institute of Science
  摘要：The Kosterlitz-Thouless and the Hexatic phase transitions are celebrated examples of dipole (vortex, dislocation) induced transitions in condensed matter physics. For very clear reasons, these important topological transitions are restricted to 2-dimensions. Here, we present a genuine dipole-induced transition in the 3-dimensional response of (athermal) amorphous solids to applied strain. Similarly to the existence of a hexatic phase between normal solid and fluid, we identify an intermediate ...