Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

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• Bonobos point more for ignorant than knowledgeable social partners AI翻译
  作者：Townrow, Luke A.; Krupenye, Christopher
  作者单位：Johns Hopkins University
  摘要：Numerous uniquely human phenomena, from teaching to our most complex forms of cooperation, depend on our ability to tailor our communication to the knowledge and ignorance states of our social partners. Despite four decades of research into the theory of mind capacities of nonhuman primates, there remains no evidence that primates can communicate on the basis of their mental state attributions, to enable feats of coor-dination. Moreover, recent reevaluation of the experimental literature has q...
• The estimated cost of preventing extinction and progressing recovery for Australia's priority threatened species AI翻译
  作者：Ward, Michelle; Possingham, Hugh P.; Wintle, Brendan A.; Woinarski, John C. Z.; Marsh, Jessica R.; Chapple, David G.; Lintermans, Mark; Scheele, Ben C.; Whiterod, Nick S.; Hoskin, Conrad J.; Aska, Bora; Yong, Chuanji; Tulloch, Ayesha; Stewart, Romola; Watson, James E. M.
  作者单位：Griffith University; University of Queensland; University of Melbourne; Charles Darwin University; University of Adelaide; Monash University; University of Canberra; Australian National University; James Cook University; University of Western Australia; Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
  摘要：The global extinction crisis is intensifying rapidly, driven by habitat loss, overexploitation, climate change, invasive species, and disease. This unprecedented loss of species not only threatens ecological integrity but also undermines ecosystem services vital for human survival. In response, many countries have set ambitious conservation targets such as halting species extinctions, yet the necessary financial commitments to achieve this are rarely prescribed. Estimating costs can be achieve...
• The ER-PM interaction is essential for cytokinesis and recruits the actin cytoskeleton through the SCAR/WAVE complex AI翻译
  作者：Xu, Zhijing; Zang, Jingze; Zhang, Xintong; Zheng, Qiwei; Li, Yifan; Field, Nadine; Fiserova, Jindriska; Hua, Bing; Qu, Xiaolu; Kriechbaumer, Verena; Deeks, Michael J.; Hussey, Patrick J.; Wang, Pengwei
  作者单位：Huazhong Agricultural University; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory; Oxford Brookes University; Durham University; Yangzhou University; University of Exeter
  摘要：Plant cytokinesis requires coordination between the actin cytoskeleton, microtubules, and membranes to guide division plane formation and cell plate expansion; how these regulatory factors are coordinated remains unknown. The actin cytoskeleton assembly is controlled by several actin nucleation factors, such as the SCAR/WAVE complex, which regulates actin nucleation and branching through the activation of the ARP2/3 complex. The activity of these actin regulatory proteins is likely influenced ...
• Structural insights into the role of reduced cysteine residues in SOD1 amyloid filament formation AI翻译
  作者：Baek, Yeongjin; Kim, Hyunmin; Lee, Dukwon; Kim, Doyeon; Jo, Eunbyul; Roh, Soung - Hun; Ha, Nam - Chul
  作者单位：Seoul National University (SNU); Seoul National University (SNU); Seoul National University (SNU); European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL); Seoul National University (SNU)
  摘要：The formation of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) filaments has been implicated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Although the disulfide bond formed between Cys57 and Cys146 in the active state has been well studied, the role of the reduced cysteine residues, Cys6 and Cys111, in SOD1 filament formation remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of reduced cysteine residues by determining and comparing cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of wild- type (WT) and C6A/C111...
• Energyscapes pinpoint marine megafauna feeding hotspots in the Mediterranean AI翻译
  作者：Lambert, Charlotte; Broderick, Annette C.; Beton, Damla; Canadas, Ana; Dars, Cecile; Di Matteo, Andrew; Gilbert, Lola; Gimenez, Joan; Keramidas, Ioannis; Navarro, Joan; Palmer, Josie L.; Snape, Robin T. E.; Sparks, Laura; Spitz, Jerome; Tsikliras, Athanassios C.; Virgili, Auriane; Gremillet, David
  作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Ecology & Environment (INEE); Universite PSL; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE); Institut Agro; Montpellier SupAgro; CIRAD; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Universite Paul-Valery; Universite de Montpellier; University of Exeter; Duke University; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); Spanish Institute of Oceanography; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Centro Mediterraneo de Investigaciones Marinas y Ambientales (CMIMA); CSIC - Instituto de Ciencias del Mar (ICM); United States Department of Defense; United States Navy; US Navy Naval Sea Systems Command; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Ecology & Environment (INEE); University of Cape Town
  摘要：Ocean giants shape the structure and functioning of marine food webs via trophic top-down controls, landscapes of fear, vertical and horizontal redistribution of nutrients, energy, and matter. Yet, they face threats from overfishing, pollution, habitat degradation, and climate change, and one-third of marine megafauna species are at risk of extinction, ultimately endangering the resilience of entire ecosystems. In such a context, knowing when and where megafauna find resources to balance their...
• Adenosine diphosphate stimulates VEGF- independent choroidal endothelial cell proliferation: A potential escape from anti- VEGF therapy AI翻译
  作者：Biswas, Nilima; Mori, Tommaso; Nagaraj, Naresh Kumar Ragava Chetty; Xin, Hong; Diemer, Tanja; Li, Pin; Su, Yongxuan; Piermarocchi, Carlo; Ferrara, Napoleone
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego; Michigan State University; University of California System; University of California San Diego; China Pharmaceutical University
  摘要：We hypothesized that a strategy employing tissue- specific endothelial cells (EC) might facilitate the identification of tissue- or organ- specific vascular functions of ubiquitous metabolites. An unbiased approach was employed to identify water- soluble small molecules with mitogenic activity on choroidal EC. We identified adenosine diphosphate (ADP) as a candidate, following biochemical purification from mouse EL4lym- phoma extracts. ADP stimulated the growth of bovine choroidal EC (BCEC) an...
• Phase formation and phase stability for the homogenous and heterogeneous amorphous metals versus the crystalline phase AI翻译
  作者：Shen, Yidi; Samwer, Konrad; Johnson, William L.; Goddard III, William A.; An, Qi
  作者单位：Iowa State University; California Institute of Technology; California Institute of Technology; University of Gottingen
  摘要：From molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of melt-quenching and thermal aging procedures in pure Ag, Cu, Ag-Cu binaryalloys, and Cu-Zr binaryalloys, we have identified two distinct amorphous phases for a metastable undercooled liquid: the homogeneous L-phase with low shear rigidity and the heterogenous G-phase with much higher shear rigidity and a heterogeneity length scale Lambda. Here, we examine two- phase equilibration studies showing that the G- phase melts to form the L-phase above simila...
• Lipid- induced condensate formation from the Alzheimer's Aβ peptide triggers amyloid aggregation AI翻译
  作者：Sneideriene, Greta; Diaz, Alicia Gonzalez; Adhikari, Sourav Das; Wei, Jiapeng; Michaels, Thomas; Sneideris, Tomas; Linse, Sara; Vendruscolo, Michele; Garai, Kanchan; Knowles, Tuomas P. J.
  作者单位：University of Cambridge; Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR); Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Lund University; University of Cambridge
  摘要：The onset and development of Alzheimer's disease is linked to the accumulation of pathological aggregates formed from the normally monomeric amyloid-beta peptide within the central nervous system. These A beta aggregates are increasingly successfully targeted with clinical therapies at later stages of the disease, but the fundamental molecular steps in early stage disease that trigger the initial nucleation event leading to the conversion of monomeric A beta peptide into pathological aggregate...
• Evidence that ARK2N is not a core factor in transcription- coupled DNA repair AI翻译
  作者：van Schie, Janne J. M.; Brussee, Sem J.; Luijsterburg, Martijn S.
  作者单位：Leiden University; Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC); Leiden University - Excl LUMC
• Structural insights into glucose-6-phosphate recognition and hydrolysis by human G6PC1 AI翻译
  作者：Xia, Zhanyi; Liu, Chuanyu; Wu, Di; Chen, Huiwen; Zhao, Jun; Jiang, Daohua
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Physics, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Peking University
  摘要：The glucose- 6- phosphatase (G6Pase) is an integral membrane protein that catalyzes the hydrolysis of glucose- 6- phosphate (G6P) in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen and plays a vital role in glucose homeostasis. Dysregulation or genetic mutations of G6Pase are associated with diabetes and glycogen storage disease 1a (GSD- 1a). Studies have characterized the biophysical and biochemical properties of G6Pase; however, the structure and substrate recognition mechanism of G6Pase remain unclear. Her...