Nature

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• Activation of Thoeris antiviral system via SIR2 effector filament assembly AI翻译
  作者：Tamulaitiene, Giedre; Sabonis, Dziugas; Sasnauskas, Giedrius; Ruksenaite, Audrone; Silanskas, Arunas; Avraham, Carmel; Ofir, Gal; Sorek, Rotem; Zaremba, Mindaugas; Siksnys, Virginijus
  作者单位：Vilnius University; Weizmann Institute of Science
  摘要：To survive bacteriophage (phage) infections, bacteria developed numerous anti-phage defence systems(1-7). Some of them (for example, type III CRISPR-Cas, CBASS, Pycsar and Thoeris) consist of two modules: a sensor responsible for infection recognition and an effector that stops viral replication by destroying key cellular components(8-12). In the Thoeris system, a Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR)-domain protein, ThsB, acts as a sensor that synthesizes an isomer of cyclic ADP ribose, 1 '-3 ' g...
• Why sunsets were a weird colour after Krakatau blew its top AI翻译
  作者：[Anonymous]
• Brazil's record dengue surge: why a vaccine campaign is unlikely to stop it AI翻译
  作者：Lenharo, Mariana
• Drought triggers and sustains overnight fires in North America AI翻译
  作者：Luo, Kaiwei; Wang, Xianli; de Jong, Mark; Flannigan, Mike
  作者单位：University of Alberta; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service; Great Lakes Forestry Centre; Thompson Rivers University
  摘要：Overnight fires are emerging in North America with previously unknown drivers and implications. This notable phenomenon challenges the traditional understanding of the 'active day, quiet night' model of the diurnal fire cycle1-3 and current fire management practices4,5. Here we demonstrate that drought conditions promote overnight burning, which is a key mechanism fostering large active fires. We examined the hourly diurnal cycle of 23,557 fires and identified 1,095 overnight burning events (O...
• B cells orchestrate tolerance to the neuromyelitis optica autoantigen AQP4 AI翻译
  作者：Afzali, Ali Maisam; Nirschl, Lucy; Sie, Christopher; Pfaller, Monika; Ulianov, Oleksii; Hassler, Tobias; Federle, Christine; Petrozziello, Elisabetta; Kalluri, Sudhakar Reddy; Chen, Hsin Hsiang; Tyystjaervi, Sofia; Muschaweckh, Andreas; Lammens, Katja; Delbridge, Claire; Buettner, Andreas; Steiger, Katja; Seyhan, Goenuel; Ottersen, Ole Petter; OEllinger, Rupert; Rad, Roland; Jarosch, Sebastian; Straub, Adrian; Muehlbauer, Anton; Grassmann, Simon; Hemmer, Bernhard; Boettcher, Jan P.; Wagner, Ingrid; Kreutzfeldt, Mario; Merkler, Doron; Pardas, Irene Bonafonte; Schmidt Supprian, Marc; Buchholz, Veit R.; Heink, Sylvia; Busch, Dirk H.; Klein, Ludger; Korn, Thomas
  作者单位：Technical University of Munich; Technical University of Munich; University of Munich; University of Munich; University of Munich; Technical University of Munich; Technical University of Munich; University of Rostock; Technical University of Munich; University of Oslo; Technical University of Munich; Technical University of Munich; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Technical University of Munich; University of Geneva; German Center for Infection Research
  摘要：Neuromyelitis optica is a paradigmatic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, in which the water-channel protein AQP4 is the target antigen(1). The immunopathology in neuromyelitis optica is largely driven by autoantibodies to AQP4(2). However, the T cell response that is required for the generation of these anti-AQP4 antibodies is not well understood. Here we show that B cells endogenously express AQP4 in response to activation with anti-CD40 and IL-21 and are able to present their...
• Spatial transcriptomics reveal neuron-astrocyte synergy in long-term memory AI翻译
  作者：Sun, Wenfei; Liu, Zhihui; Jiang, Xian; Chen, Michelle B.; Dong, Hua; Liu, Jonathan; Sudhof, Thomas C.; Quake, Stephen R.
  作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Stanford University; Chan Zuckerberg Initiative (CZI)
  摘要：Memory encodes past experiences, thereby enabling future plans. The basolateral amygdala is a centre of salience networks that underlie emotional experiences and thus has a key role in long-term fear memory formation1. Here we used spatial and single-cell transcriptomics to illuminate the cellular and molecular architecture of the role of the basolateral amygdala in long-term memory. We identified transcriptional signatures in subpopulations of neurons and astrocytes that were memory-specific ...
• Water shortages means greening southern European cities won't be easy AI翻译
  作者：Madrigal-Gonzalez, Jaime; Olano, Jose Miguel; Sanguesa-Barreda, Gabriel
  作者单位：Universidad de Valladolid
  摘要：Letter to the Editor
• High-speed and large-scale intrinsically stretchable integrated circuits AI翻译
  作者：Zhong, Donglai; Wu, Can; Jiang, Yuanwen; Yuan, Yujia; Kim, Min-gu; Nishio, Yuya; Shih, Chien-Chung; Wang, Weichen; Lai, Jian-Cheng; Ji, Xiaozhou; Gao, Theodore Z.; Wang, Yi-Xuan; Xu, Chengyi; Zheng, Yu; Yu, Zhiao; Gong, Huaxin; Matsuhisa, Naoji; Zhao, Chuanzhen; Lei, Yusheng; Liu, Deyu; Zhang, Song; Ochiai, Yuto; Liu, Shuhan; Wei, Shiyuan; Tok, Jeffrey B. -H.; Bao, Zhenan
  作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Tianjin University; Stanford University; Yonsei University; Yonsei University Health System; National Yunlin University Science & Technology; University of Tokyo
  摘要：Intrinsically stretchable electronics with skin-like mechanical properties have been identified as a promising platform for emerging applications ranging from continuous physiological monitoring to real-time analysis of health conditions, to closed-loop delivery of autonomous medical treatment1-7. However, current technologies could only reach electrical performance at amorphous-silicon level (that is, charge-carrier mobility of about 1 cm2 V-1 s-1), low integration scale (for example, 54 tran...
• UFM1 E3 ligase promotes recycling of 60S ribosomal subunits from the ER AI翻译
  作者：DaRosa, Paul A.; Penchev, Ivan; Gumbin, Samantha C.; Scavone, Francesco; Wachalska, Magda; Paulo, Joao A.; Ordureau, Alban; Peter, Joshua J.; Kulathu, Yogesh; Harper, J. Wade; Becker, Thomas; Beckmann, Roland; Kopito, Ron R.
  作者单位：Stanford University; University of Munich; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; University of Dundee; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
  摘要：Reversible modification of target proteins by ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins (UBLs) is widely used by eukaryotic cells to control protein fate and cell behaviour(1). UFM1 is a UBL that predominantly modifies a single lysine residue on a single ribosomal protein, uL24 (also called RPL26), on ribosomes at the cytoplasmic surface of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)(2,3). UFM1 conjugation (UFMylation) facilitates the rescue of 60S ribosomal subunits (60S) that are released after ribosome-asso...
• Time will tell if the drugs work AI翻译
  作者：Landhuis, Esther
  摘要：An approach that aims to quantify how long a drug can delay or halt the progression of disease is gathering steam.