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• LYCHOS is a human hybrid of a plant-like PIN transporter and a GPCR AI翻译
  作者：Bayly-Jones, Charles; Lupton, Christopher J.; Keen, Alastair C.; Dong, Shuqi; Mastos, Chantel; Luo, Wentong; Qian, Chunyi; Jones, Gareth D.; Venugopal, Hari; Chang, Yong-Gang; Clarke, Ronald J.; Halls, Michelle L.; Ellisdon, Andrew M.
  作者单位：Monash University; University of Sydney; Monash University; Monash University; University of Sydney
  摘要：Lysosomes have crucial roles in regulating eukaryotic metabolism and cell growth by acting as signalling platforms to sense and respond to changes in nutrient and energy availability(1). LYCHOS (GPR155) is a lysosomal transmembrane protein that functions as a cholesterol sensor, facilitating the cholesterol-dependent activation of the master protein kinase mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1)(2). However, the structural basis of LYCHOS assembly and activity remains unclear. Here ...
• Connectome-constrained networks predict neural activity across the fly visual system AI翻译
  作者：Lappalainen, Janne K.; Tschopp, Fabian D.; Prakhya, Sridhama; McGill, Mason; Nern, Aljoscha; Shinomiya, Kazunori; Takemura, Shin-ya; Gruntman, Eyal; Macke, Jakob H.; Turaga, Srinivas C.
  作者单位：Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; California Institute of Technology; University of Toronto; University Toronto Scarborough; Max Planck Society
  摘要：We can now measure the connectivity of every neuron in a neural circuit1-9, but we cannot measure other biological details, including the dynamical characteristics of each neuron. The degree to which measurements of connectivity alone can inform the understanding of neural computation is an open question10. Here we show that with experimental measurements of only the connectivity of a biological neural network, we can predict the neural activity underlying a specified neural computation. We co...
• How does the brain react to birth control? A researcher scanned herself 75 times to find out AI翻译
  作者：Kozlov, Max
• Selection bias obfuscates the discovery of fast radio burst sources AI翻译
  作者：Bhardwaj, Mohit; Lee, Jimin; Ji, Kevin
  作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University
  摘要：Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are a newly discovered class of extragalactic radio transients characterized by their high energy and short duration (from microseconds to milliseconds)1. The physical origin of these FRBs remains unknown and is a subject of ongoing research, with magnetars emerging as leading candidates2,3. Previous studies have used various methodologies to address the problem of FRB origin, including demographic analyses of FRB host galaxies and their local environments4-6, assessme...
• The cool brown dwarf Gliese 229 B is a close binary AI翻译
  作者：Xuan, Jerry W.; Merand, A.; Thompson, W.; Zhang, Y.; Lacour, S.; Blakely, D.; Mawet, D.; Oppenheimer, R.; Kammerer, J.; Batygin, K.; Sanghi, A.; Wang, J.; Ruffio, J. -B.; Liu, M. C.; Knutson, H.; Brandner, W.; Burgasser, A.; Rickman, E.; Bowens-Rubin, R.; Salama, M.; Balmer, W.; Blunt, S.; Bourdarot, G.; Caselli, P.; Chauvin, G.; Davies, R.; Drescher, A.; Eckart, A.; Eisenhauer, F.; Fabricius, M.; Feuchtgruber, H.; Finger, G.; Schreiber, N. M. Foerster; Garcia, P.; Genzel, R.; Gillessen, S.; Grant, S.; Hartl, M.; Haussmann, F.; Henning, T.; Hinkley, S.; Honig, S. F.; Horrobin, M.; Houlle, M.; Janson, M.; Kervella, P.; Kral, Q.; Kreidberg, L.; Le Bouquin, J. -B.; Lutz, D.; Mang, F.; Marleau, G. -D.; Millour, F.; More, N.; Nowak, M.; Ott, T.; Otten, G.; Paumard, T.; Rabien, S.; Rau, C.; Ribeiro, D. C.; Bordoni, M. Sadun; Sauter, J.; Shangguan, J.; Shimizu, T. T.; Sykes, C.; Soulain, A.; Spezzano, S.; Straubmeier, C.; Stolker, T.; Sturm, E.; Subroweit, M.; Tacconi, L. J.; van Dishoeck, E. F.; Vigan, A.; Widmann, F.; Wieprecht, E.; Winterhalder, T. O.; Woillez, J.
  作者单位：California Institute of Technology; European Southern Observatory; University of Victoria; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite PSL; Observatoire de Paris; Universite Paris Cite; Sorbonne Universite; National Research Council Canada; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL); California Institute of Technology; American Museum of Natural History (AMNH); California Institute of Technology; Northwestern University; Northwestern University; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of Hawaii System; Max Planck Society; Space Telescope Science Institute; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; Johns Hopkins University; Max Planck Society; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Cote d'Azur; Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur; University of Cologne; Max Planck Society; Universidade do Porto; Universidade de Lisboa; University of Exeter; University of Southampton; Stockholm University; Communaute Universite Grenoble Alpes; Universite Grenoble Alpes (UGA); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut de Planetologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG); University of Duisburg Essen; Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen; University of Bern; University of Cambridge; Academia Sinica - Taiwan; Leiden University - Excl LUMC; Leiden University; Aix-Marseille Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
  摘要：Owing to their similarities with giant exoplanets, brown dwarf companions of stars provide insights into the fundamental processes of planet formation and evolution. From their orbits, several brown dwarf companions are found to be more massive than theoretical predictions given their luminosities and the ages of their host stars(1-3). Either the theory is incomplete or these objects are not single entities. For example, they could be two brown dwarfs each with a lower mass and intrinsic lumin...
• Biomolecular condensates mediate bending and scission of endosome membranes AI翻译
  作者：Wang, Yanning; Li, Shulin; Mokbel, Marcel; May, Alexander I.; Liang, Zizhen; Zeng, Yonglun; Wang, Weiqi; Zhang, Honghong; Yu, Feifei; Sporbeck, Katharina; Jiang, Liwen; Aland, Sebastian; Agudo-Canalejo, Jaime; Knorr, Roland L.; Fang, Xiaofeng
  作者单位：Tsinghua University; Technical University Freiberg; Humboldt University of Berlin; Institute of Science Tokyo; Tokyo Institute of Technology; Chinese University of Hong Kong; Chinese University of Hong Kong; Chinese Academy of Sciences; South China Botanical Garden, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; South China Botanical Garden, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; China Agricultural University; Max Planck Society; University of London; University College London; University of Tokyo; University of Cologne; University of Cologne
  摘要：Multivesicular bodies are key endosomal compartments implicated in cellular quality control through their degradation of membrane-bound cargo proteins(1-3). The ATP-consuming ESCRT protein machinery mediates the capture and engulfment of membrane-bound cargo proteins through invagination and scission of multivesicular-body membranes to form intraluminal vesicles(4,5). Here we report that the plant ESCRT component FREE1(6) forms liquid-like condensates that associate with membranes to drive int...
• AARS1 and AARS2 sense L-lactate to regulate cGAS as global lysine lactyltransferases AI翻译
  作者：Li, Heyu; Liu, Chao; Li, Ran; Zhou, Lili; Ran, Yu; Yang, Qiqing; Huang, Huizhe; Lu, Huasong; Song, Hai; Yang, Bing; Ru, Heng; Lin, Shixian; Zhang, Long
  作者单位：Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou City University; Soochow University - China; Chongqing Medical University; Nanchang University; Zhejiang University
  摘要：l-lactate modifies proteins through lactylation1, but how this process occurs is unclear. Here we identify the alanyl-tRNA synthetases AARS1 and AARS2 (AARS1/2) as intracellular l-lactate sensors required for l-lactate to stimulate the lysine lactylome in cells. AARS1/2 and the evolutionarily conserved Escherichia coli orthologue AlaRS bind to l-lactate with micromolar affinity and they directly catalyse l-lactate for ATP-dependent lactylation on the lysine acceptor end. In response to l-lacta...
• Prestigious Japanese biomedical awards need to become more gender-representative AI翻译
  作者：Hakariya, Hayase
  作者单位：Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen
• 'Educational' apps are worth billions. We need to make sure they work AI翻译
  作者：Kucirkova, Natalia I.
  作者单位：Universitetet i Stavanger
  摘要：The past year has seen bans on the use of smartphones in schools in some 60 countries, including the Netherlands, France and the United States. The restrictions come amid spreading worry that social media can harm children's mental health. It's a valid concern. But in the heat of the discussion, other technologies used by children - such as educational technology (edtech) - are flying under the radar.
• Rapid 3D printing at the curved surface of a liquid AI翻译
  作者：Taylor, Hayden
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley