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作者：Wang, Chengyuan; Molodtsov, Vadim; Shandilya, Shashank; You, Linlin; Zhang, Jing; Kuznedelov, Konstantin; Nickels, Bryce E.; Kaelber, Jason T.; Blaha, Gregor; Ebright, Richard H.
作者单位：Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, CAS; Peoples Friendship University of Russia; Skolkovo Institute of Science & Technology; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; University of California System; University of California Riverside
摘要：Structures recently have been reported of molecular assemblies that mediate transcription-translation coupling in Escherichia coli. In these molecular assemblies, termed coupled transcription-translation complexes or TTC-B, RNA polymerase (RNAP) directly interacts with the ribosome, the transcription elongation factor NusG or its paralog RfaH forms a bridge between RNAP and ribosome, and the transcription elongation factor NusA optionally forms a second bridge between RNAP and ribosome. Here, ...
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作者：Lippegaus, Anne; Haycocks, James R. J.; O'Driscoll, Eoghan; Sprenger, Marcel; Thriene, Kerstin; Jung, Elke-Martina; Siemers, Malte; Krautwurst, Sebastian; Grainger, David C.; Papenfort, Kai
作者单位：Friedrich Schiller University of Jena; University of Birmingham; Friedrich Schiller University of Jena
摘要：Bacteriophages (phages) are well known to be one of the major driving forces in bacterial evolution. This also applies to virulent microorganisms, such as the major human pathogen Vibrio cholerae, whose pathogenic potential and epidemic proliferation largely depends on the interaction with environmental phages. Specifically, integration of the CTX phi phage genome into the first chromosome of V. cholerae also introduced the ctxAB genes, encoding the primary toxin responsible for the severe acu...
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作者：Nalbandian, Minas; Lone, Jameel; Le Moal, Emmeran; Kim, Ireh; Jeuris, Kaitlin; Li, Yutong Kelly; Kraft, Peggy; Zhao, Meng; Koleckar, Kassie; Zhang, Zeyuan; Svensson, Katrin J.; Blau, Helen M.
作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford Medicine; Stanford Medicine; Stanford University; Stanford Medicine; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford Medicine; University of California System; University of California Davis; Stanford University; Stanford Medicine
摘要：Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, including long-acting semaglutide, are transformative anti-obesity therapies. However, emerging evidence indicates that weight loss may come at the expense of skeletal muscle mass, a tissue essential for mobility, metabolic regulation, and overall health. Here, we show that inhibition of the gerozyme 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH), a prostaglandin-degrading enzyme that increases with injury and aging, improves muscle repair and streng...
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作者：Ono, Kazuya; Lee, Hyun Jae; Chang, Hui Ho Vanessa; Verdone, Brandie Morris; Wafa, Talah; Ji, Youngrae; Huang, Austin; Fitzgerald, Tracy; Cullen, Kathleen E.; Wu, Doris K.
作者单位：National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute on Deafness & Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD); Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins Medicine; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute on Deafness & Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD); University of Osaka; Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI); Stanford University
摘要：The vestibular system of the inner ear provides head motion and orientation information required for maintaining balance and spatial orientation. Each of the five vestibular sensory organs contains type I and type II hair cells (HCs). Type I HCs are particularly notable for their evolutionary adaptability and unique calyceal synapses, in which the vestibular afferent nerve ending envelopes the HC body. In vitro studies indicate that calyceal synapses can transduce signals from HCs to afferents...
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作者：Rietz, Anne; Kumari, Lokesh; Koirala, Ankeeta; Pelletier, Stephane; Lu, Zhijian; Androphy, Elliot J.
作者单位：Indiana University System; Indiana University Indianapolis; Indiana University System; Indiana University Indianapolis
摘要：High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) promote malignant progression through sustained expression of the viral oncoprotein E6, which drives degradation of the tumor suppressor p53 and creates an oncogenic dependency in HPV-positive cancers. Here, we identify a genotype-defined therapeutic vulnerability by selectively and irreversibly inactivating HPV-16 E6 through covalent targeting a cysteine proximal to its E6AP-binding interface. Pharmacologic inhibition of E6 restored p53 protein stabilit...
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作者：Brandt, Benjamin; Schwartz, Sebastian; Schwenkert, Serena; Kramer, Moritz; Om, Kuenzang; Engstler, Carina; Klingl, Andreas; Jahns, Peter; Meyer, Etienne H.; DeTar, Rachael A.; Eirich, Jurgen; Finkemeier, Iris; Cousins, Asaph B.; Kunz, Hans-Henning
作者单位：University of Munich; University of Munich; University of Munich; Washington State University; University of Munich; Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf; Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg; Colorado State University System; Colorado State University Fort Collins; University of Munster
摘要：In bacteria, protein mistranslation can improve stress tolerance. Mitochondria and plastids evolved from bacteria and use a prokaryotic-type expression machinery to synthesize proteins. Interestingly, fungi and animal mitochondria are highly sensitive to mistranslation, which for instance manifests in lethal mitochondrial cardiomyopathy disorder. The response in plant cells is unknown. Glutaminyl-transfer RNAs (Gln-tRNAGln) of bacteria and endosymbiotic organelles are synthesized indirectly. I...
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作者：Edger, Patrick P.; Body, Melanie J. A.; De Donno, Sonia; Platts, Adrian E.; Wang, Jianrong; Jiang, Jiming
作者单位：Michigan State University; Michigan State University; Michigan State University; Michigan State University; Michigan State University
摘要：Polyploidy, also known as whole genome duplication, is a major evolutionary force in plants, driving diversification and the generation of novel phenotypic variation, including superior abiotic and biotic stress tolerance. The enhanced stress resilience observed in certain polyploids is hypothesized to arise from dynamic epigenetic and genetic changes, including variations in gene content and cis-regulatory elements (CREs), that emerge following polyploidization. These changes directly impact ...
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作者：Yang, Kaiqiao; Nishiwaki, Kazuya; Mizobata, Hideaki; Liang, Jiancheng; Asakawa, Shuichi; Yoshitake, Kazutoshi; Watanabe, Yuuki Y.; Hussey, Nigel E.; Kovacs, Kit M.; Lydersen, Christian; Kadota, Mitsutaka; Kuraku, Shigehiro; Kinoshita, Shigeharu
作者单位：University of Tokyo; Kitasato University; Graduate University for Advanced Studies - Japan; University of Windsor; Norwegian Polar Institute; RIKEN; Research Organization of Information & Systems (ROIS); National Institute of Genetics (NIG) - Japan; Graduate University for Advanced Studies - Japan
摘要：The Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus) is known for its slow metabolism and deep-sea habitat. It is thought to be the longest-lived vertebrate on Earth, with an estimated lifespan of 392 +/- 120 y. Despite its remarkable longevity and unusual lifestyle, no genomic studies are yet available for this species. Here, we report a chromosome-level assembly of the Greenland shark genome, which is 5.9 Gb in size with an N50 length of 233 Mb and a completeness score of 96.7%. Our analyses of gen...
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作者：Comani, Valeria Buoli; De Bei, Omar; Paris, Giulia; Marchetti, Marialaura; Pancrazi, Francesca; Campanini, Barbara; Ronda, Luca; Luisi, Ben F.; Faggiano, Serena; Bizzarri, Anna Rita; Bettati, Stefano
作者单位：University of Parma; University of Parma; University of Parma; University of Cambridge; Tuscia University; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR); Istituto di Biofisica (IBF-CNR)
摘要：Staphylococcus aureus is a human pathogen whose virulence depends on iron acquisition. The bacterium expresses the hemophores IsdB and IsdH that enable heme capture from host hemoglobin (Hb). Unlike IsdB, IsdH can bind both free Hb and Hb:haptoglobin (Hb:Hp) complexes. Here, we present a comprehensive structural analysis of full-length IsdH in complex with free Hb, overcoming the limitations of previous studies based on truncated IsdH constructs. Cryo-EM revealed a previously unobserved oligom...
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作者：Ravindran, Sandeep
