6811期

最新文章

• Fossil evidence favors a role for vision in the modular evolution of the primate neocortex AI翻译
  作者：Kay, Richard F.; Organ, Chris L.; Morse, Paul E.; Allen, Kari L.; Kirk, E. Christopher
  作者单位：Duke University; Duke University; Montana State University System; Montana State University Bozeman; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Anschutz; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; Des Moines University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
  摘要：Neocortical expansion is a key innovation of crown primates, although fossil evidence for how the neocortex has evolved remains elusive. We studied neocortical evolution using virtual brain endocasts from extant and Eocene-Miocene fossil primates. We found that neocortex size increased in parallel across crown primate clades, with rapid increases in tarsiers and anthropoids. Although the frontal lobe is commonly described as having expanded disproportionately in primates, we show that it evolv...
• Adaptive modulation of theta sweeps in the brain's navigation circuit AI翻译
  作者：Vollan, Abraham Z.; Schellenberger, Michael F.; Gardner, Richard J.; Moser, May-Britt; Moser, Edvard I.
  作者单位：Norwegian University of Science & Technology (NTNU)
  摘要：Efficient navigation requires prioritizing information from behaviorally relevant locations. In rats, such selective sampling may arise from theta-paced sweeps in grid and place cell populations, which scan nearby space in a left-right alternating pattern coordinated by parasubicular direction signals. This alternation promotes uniform spatial coverage during exploration, but whether sweeps can be flexibly tuned to moment-to-moment demands remains unknown. Using large-scale Neuropixels recordi...
• Climate extremes expose groundwater risks AI翻译
  作者：Wei, Yaqiang; Cao, Xinde
  作者单位：Shanghai University; Shanghai Jiao Tong University
• A molecular switch for coordinating kinesin and dynein transport of mitochondrial cargo AI翻译
  作者：Gladkova, Christina; Paez-Segala, Maria G.; Grant, William P.; Kittisopikul, Mark; Myers, Samuel A.; Wang, Yuxiao; Vale, Ronald D.
  作者单位：Howard Hughes Medical Institute; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Whitehead Institute; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
  摘要：The cellular distribution of mitochondria in response to stress and local energy needs is governed by the relative activities of the microtubule-based molecular motors kinesin and dynein. The mechanism for switching between these two opposite-polarity microtubule motors remains unknown. In this study, we coupled a cellular synthetic cargo transport assay with AlphaFold2-guided mutagenesis to identify a regulatory helix in the mitochondrial adaptor protein [trafficking kinesin-binding protein (...
• The next Turing tests: Reimagining conceptions and measures of AI AI翻译
  作者：Hernandez-Orallo, Jose; Collins, Katherine M.; Cheke, Lucy; Weidinger, Laura; Bhatt, Umang; Griffiths, Thomas L.; Cave, Stephen
  作者单位：University of Cambridge; Universitat Politecnica de Valencia; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Princeton University; University of Cambridge; Alphabet Inc.; Google Incorporated; DeepMind
• The price of my future AI翻译
  作者：Jangda, Zaid
  作者单位：Heriot Watt University
• Paleogenomic insight into the collapse, recovery, and management of American bison AI翻译
  作者：Oppenheimer, Jonas; Kapp, Joshua D.; Cassatt-Johnstone, Molly; Sacco, Samuel; Seligmann, William E.; Conwell, Holland C.; Ford, Sarah; Gunn, Cassandra; Barlow, Lael D.; Phillips, Amy; Cannon, Kenneth P.; Todd, Lawrence C.; Pelton, Spencer R.; MacKay, Glen; Forsythe, Kyle; Edwards, Mark A.; Ball, Mark C.; Bruinsma, David R. W.; Metcalfe, Jessica Z.; Ives, John W.; Losey, Robert J.; Nomokonova, Tatiana; Playford, Tomasin; Widga, Chris; Lee, Craig M.; Heuer, Karsten; Olson, Wes; Stothard, Paul; Southon, John; Deck, Donalee M.; Jass, Christopher N.; Green, Richard E.; Jones, Lee C.; Adams, Gregg P.; Shury, Todd K.; Wilson, Gregory A.; Shapiro, Beth
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; University of Alberta; University of Wyoming; McGill University; University of Alberta; Lakehead University; University of Alberta; Simon Fraser University; University of Saskatchewan; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Montana State University System; Montana State University Bozeman; University of California System; University of California Irvine; United States Department of the Interior; US Fish & Wildlife Service; University of Saskatchewan
  摘要：American bison (Bison bison) were nearly hunted to extinction by the 20th century. This rapid decline and the fragmented nature of remnant populations pose challenges to their recovery and resilience, as does human-facilitated admixture between bison subspecies and cattle (Bos taurus). To contextualize current diversity, we sequenced 115 ancient and 45 modern bison genomes from the past similar to 20,000 years. Our results show that past bison populations were connected, in contrast to structu...
• A fungus makes itself at home on skin AI翻译
  作者：Segre, Julia A.
  作者单位：National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI)
• The visual brain hypothesis AI翻译
  作者：Barton, Robert A.
  作者单位：Durham University
• Listening to storms as they shake Earth AI翻译
  作者：Williams, Ethan F.
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz